Truck crane KRAZ-250: technical characteristics of the large crane KS 4562

Companies engaged in construction and repair work in a large city require mobile and powerful special equipment that can cope with a wide range of tasks. For example, the KS-4562 crane, manufactured by Avtokran OJSC. This machine serves as auxiliary equipment during the installation and repair of mid-rise buildings. The mobility and compactness of the KS-4562 allows this truck crane to be operated in the city center without creating traffic congestion. The small crane has a lifting capacity of 16 tons. Such machines are constantly used to perform various tasks in the utility sector.

The KS-4562 Ivanovets truck crane works with both packaged and piece cargo. Therefore, it can easily cope with loading and unloading operations at dispersed sites. And the powerful chassis ensures that the crane can navigate different types of access roads. The Ivanovets 16 ton truck crane is also used when installing bridge spans, pulling away the remains of destroyed buildings or barriers, for laying logs in sawmills or when lifting damaged equipment after accidents. In general, the KS-4562 Ivanovets 16 tons is a real “workhorse” that will not only take its rightful place in the fleet of special equipment, but will also quickly pay for itself, thanks to its efficiency and versatility.

Description and scope of application of KrAZ - 250

The KrAZ-250 was produced at the Kremenchug Automobile Plant from 1978 to 1992. This model was produced to unify the advantages of cars in its series. The device chassis is adapted to connect additional units from the range of special equipment. When installing a conventional frame, a side-type platform is used. A shortened frame is used much more often, since truck cranes, concrete mixers, concrete pumps and other devices can be mounted on it.

The KrAZ-250 was previously used in various types of industry; the machines became especially relevant in mining and oil production. This unit also helps in carrying out construction activities, and is still used in this area. The KrAZ-250 was also used for military operations, but has now been replaced by more advanced equipment. For use in the armed forces, truck cranes based on Kamaz Typhoon are used.

Kremenchug Automobile Plant

Technological engineers successfully completed the task set for themselves to build a universal version of the truck, with the help of which it is possible to carry out completely different activities, using the vehicle in several common types of activities.
Important components of this unit are both an improved modification of previous models and the developments of specialists.
The main mechanisms used to create the KrAZ-250 control system are still used to create more modern trucks. The KrAZ-250 is a successful modification of the KrAZ-257B1A brand truck. It continued to be produced even after the introduction of a new model, which indicates the excellent technical base of the unit in question. There are differences not only in appearance and basic parameters, but also in many seemingly insignificant, but often decisive values.

This means a reduction in fuel consumption and an increase in mileage . Changes in the cabin, its external and internal design, as well as a noticeable reduction in the size of the hood, are also important.

Electrical part of KS-4561

An electric drive is an electromechanical device designed to drive the actuators of a crane. The electric drive of the truck crane is 380 V AC.

The electrical part of the electric drive consists of a generator, an electric motor and electrical equipment.

The torque created on the electric motor shaft is transmitted through the working parts to the actuator shaft using toothed couplings, V-belt drives, gear shafts, gearboxes, called transmissions, which are the mechanical part of the electric drive, or the power drive of automobile cranes.

The power drive of the KS-4561AM crane consists of a generator drive, a jib winch, a cargo winch, and a rotation mechanism.

Generator drive 7

carried out through gearbox
3
, driveshaft
4
, transfer case
8
, power take-off
5
and driveshaft
6
(Fig. 7.26).

Rice. 7.26. Crane generator drive diagram KS-4561:

1 – engine; 2 – clutch; 3 – gearbox; 4, 6 – cardan shafts; 5 – power take-off; 7 – synchronous generator; 8 – transfer case

As a source of electricity to power the electric motors of the crane mechanisms, synchronous generators of the ECC-5 series with a voltage of 400 V are used, which convert the mechanical energy of the chassis of the base KrAZ-250 vehicle into electric current energy.

The schematic diagram of the electric drive using the example of the KS-4561A crane is shown in Fig. 7.27. The design of the K-162 truck crane differs from that presented in the absence of an additional electric motor to drive the hydraulic pump for supplying working fluid to the hydraulic cylinders of the outriggers; the KS-4561AM design differs from the one presented in the presence of an M3 electric motor for the auxiliary winch when completing jib equipment in single file.

The electrical circuit includes various control equipment, with the help of which they start and stop the engines, set the necessary modes of their operation, and also control the operation of all drive devices. Therefore, for the operation of all crane equipment, voltage is used not only 380 V, but also 12, 24, 40, 220 V. In addition

In addition, the power cabinet has a plug connector that allows connection to an external power source with a voltage of 380 V.

On cranes K-162, KS-4561A, KS-4561AM, a synchronous generator with a power of 30 kW is driven into rotation from a power take-off mounted on the transfer case housing through a cardan shaft.

The generator converts the mechanical energy of the base car chassis engine into electrical energy. Electric current is supplied to the power cabinet located on the running frame of the crane, and then through a current collector (current collector) to the rotating frame. Next, through the control panel and the starting device, the current flows to the electric motors of the actuators. When the load on the generator increases (simultaneous activation of two engines), the amount of current consumed increases, which leads to a decrease in voltage, and therefore the power generated. Therefore, to automatically maintain voltage at the rated level in the crane’s electrical network, a stabilizing device is used.

Rice. 7.27. Crane electric drive diagram:

B – voltammeter; g – generator; M1-M-4 – motor of the boom lift winch, swing mechanism, main lift winch, auxiliary lift winch; K1-K7 – buttons; 1

— linear magnetic starter; N – frequency meter;

C – stabilizing device; UP – universal switch; E – electrical equipment system; EP – electric furnaces; a-S – contacts; t, u, w – clamps; 1

– three-pole package switch;
2
,
3
,
29
– automatic switches;
4
– plug socket;
5 – hydraulic pump drive motor; 6
,
8
,
14
,
15
,
24
,
25
,
26
– magnetic starters;
7
– current collector ring;
9
– step-down transformer;
10
,
12
,
13
– cam controllers of the main and auxiliary lifting and turning mechanisms;
11
,
17, 18, 19
,
22
– shoe brakes with electro-hydraulic pushers;
16
– electromagnet;
20
,
21
,
23
– resistors;
27
– DC relay;
28
– block of silicon rectifiers;

30

– switch

The cranes use asynchronous electric motors M1-M4 of alternating three-phase current with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz with a phase rotor with a power of 15 and 7.5 kW (main and auxiliary cargo winches), 5 kW (swing mechanism), as well as asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel cage rotor power 7.5 kW (boom winch). To regulate the frequency of their rotation, resistances are introduced in the rotor circuit. As resistance increases, the rotation speed decreases. To expand the range of regulation of the rotation speed of the cargo winch motors and the turning mechanism, frequency regulation of the motors is provided. The current frequency varies from 37.5 to 50 Hz, and the voltage from 320 to 400 V by changing the generator speed (from 750 to 1000 rpm).

A design feature of the cranes is the ability to ensure the landing speed of the load (slow lowering of the load). This is ensured by the operation of the electric motor in electrodynamic braking mode, which corresponds to its operation as a generator. The essence of electrodynamic braking of an asynchronous motor is that the stator winding is connected to a direct current device with a power of up to 25 A and a voltage of up to 40 V, which forms a constant rather than rotating magnetic field. This field does not push, but keeps the electric motor rotor from rotating. In other words, the magnetic flux created by direct current, interacting with the magnetic flux of the rotor, creates a braking torque. To use electrodynamic braking, the weight of the lowered load must be at least 5-6 tons. The voltage of 12 V is used to power the load limiter, 24 V is used to power control instruments.

Control equipment includes: circuit breakers (automatic circuit breakers), controllers, contactors, magnetic starters, resistors, limit switches, rectifiers, transformers.

A synchronous generator is an electrical synchronous machine, the rotation speed of which does not depend on the load and is in a strictly constant relation to the frequency of the alternating current, inversely proportional to the number of pairs of poles of the generator.

Generator ECC 5 is a single series of synchronous generators with self-excitation.

Generator ECC 5-82-4M101 is a synchronous generator of a single series, eighth size, second length, 4-pole, made in a protected design, horizontal on feet, with two rolling bearings, axial exhaust ventilation. The first number is the size of the generator. The second is the nominal length of the core. The last one is the number of pole pairs.

A synchronous generator, like a motor, consists of a stationary (stator) and rotating (rotor) part.

The cylindrical rotor frame is cast iron.

The generator is made according to a self-excitation circuit through a built-in block of silicon rectifiers.

To automatically maintain voltage when the load changes, a stabilizing device is supplied with the generator.

Before starting work, the switch located in the cabin of the base vehicle is set to the position corresponding to the power from the generator, the circuit breaker is turned on and the power is connected to special switches of the electrical equipment of the crane installation.

Frequency A of oscillations of the EMF and current of a synchronous generator is equal to the product of the number of rotor poles and its rotation speed (rpm), divided by 60:

φ= Hz.

Truck Features:

1. The KrAZ-250 truck crane stands out among its analogues due to its excellent performance indicators and the best speed development parameters. It is very comfortable for the driver to be in this car, therefore his fatigue is reduced and his ability to work at the workplace increases.
2. The updated version of the truck also highlights all the characteristic advantages of KrAZ equipment. This is ease of use, both when driving and when carrying out minor repairs. The machine is distinguished by its endurance, high performance and reliable design. A KS-4562 truck crane is mounted on the chassis.
3. The car can be used not only for driving on a hard paved road on a highway, but also on roads paved with dirt. is permitted over a wide temperature range from -40° C to +40° C (as well as Ivanovets 25 tons). Thanks to this discrepancy in temperature indicators, it became possible to operate the KrAZ-250 in different climatic zones.

The KrAZ-250 belongs to those types of special equipment that are used and developed today. Now this is an outdated model, but new units repeat its functions, albeit in a more improved version.

The most common and popular trucks are often modeled after the design of the KrAZ-250 or similar devices. This equipment includes many additional functions and is characterized by high reliability.

If you are interested in Kamaz trucks and would like to compare different models by size, then our article will help you with this.

You will find all the new products produced at the Kamaz plant here.

You can learn about the history of the Kamaz plant here.

Where can I buy KS-4562 in Chelyabinsk?

Have you already decided to purchase this maneuverable and functional crane? Contact . Perhaps the price we offer for an Ivanovets truck crane will suit you. After all, our company has been cooperating with the manufacturer for many years. Therefore, it is quite simple to buy a KS-4562 Ivanovets truck crane in Chelyabinsk from us. All equipment is parked. Call the office - and within a few days a brand new crane will be working in your fleet. The manager will familiarize you with all the documentation for the special equipment and its detailed characteristics.

And if you need spare parts for the KS-4562, you will always find them in a wide range at any of our representative offices. Delivery of original parts is carried out promptly throughout Russia and the CIS.

Truck crane KS-4562 on KrAZ-250 chassis

Truck crane KS4562

The lifting mechanism of this vehicle is located on a movable platform.
The boom contains load grippers and various steel ropes. The design of the KS-4562 truck crane includes outriggers, thanks to which the machine is guaranteed to be stable when carrying out loading and unloading operations. The installation is quite mobile , which is provided for in the design of the machine’s wheels.
The truck crane can be used even in a confined space or when performing complex repair and construction work that requires the presence of a large amount of special equipment on site. If necessary, the truck crane can be moved to different points on the work site. Basic indicators :

1. Boom height – 10.3 m.
2. Load lowering is possible up to 4.4 m.
3. The load outreach level varies from 3.5 to 12 m. This aspect is influenced by the design features of a particular crane.

Spare parts for Ural, Kraz, MAZ, Kamaz trucks. Engine parts YaMZ-236, YaMZ-238

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Main parameters of the KS-4562 truck crane

___________________________________________________________________________

The KS-4562 truck crane with a lifting capacity of 20 tons is mounted on the chassis of a KrAZ-250 vehicle, equipped with a retractable box boom of 8.13 m, which can be extended up to 14 m. The crane can be equipped with a lattice boom of 10 m and five inserts 4 m long each, thanks to which 10 -meter boom extends to 14-30 m. Booms 18-30 m long are equipped with a 5 m jib and an auxiliary hook. Raising and lowering a load with a winch of a KS-4562 truck crane To lift the load, the spool of the hydraulic distributor section is moved to the lower (according to the diagram) position.

In this case, through a controlled check valve, the working fluid flows to the hydraulic motor and circuit breakers. The brake opens, the hydraulic motor begins to rotate, and the used working fluid is drained into the tank. When the load is lowered, the same spool is moved to the upper (according to the diagram) position and the working fluid enters the opposite cavity of the hydraulic motor and into the valve control line.

The valve opens, allowing the working fluid to drain and ensuring the stability of the speed mode for lowering the load. To reduce the angle of inclination of the cylinder block of the KS-4562 hydraulic motor and obtain accelerated movement of the hook, it is necessary, after turning on the hydraulic valve spool to perform the operation, to turn on the electrical control of the two-position hydraulic valve in the cargo winch circuit, which corresponds to the upper (according to the diagram) position. In this case, the working fluid flows through the hydraulic distributor to the servo control spool of the hydraulic motor, which connects the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder for controlling the hydraulic motor with the pressure line. When the piston moves, the cylinder block associated with it is set to a minimum angle of inclination, thereby reducing the consumed volume of working fluid, i.e. increasing the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor shaft. When the electrical control of the hydraulic distributor is turned on (lower position according to the diagram), the hydraulic motor cylinder block is set to the maximum angle of inclination. The boom telescoping hydraulic cylinder KS-4562 is controlled by the distributor spool in the same way as when raising (lowering) the boom. When the rod extends, the working fluid freely passes through the controlled check valve into the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and flows out of the rod valve only when control pressure is created in this valve. When the safety devices are activated, the electromagnet of the two-position hydraulic distributor that controls the safety valve is de-energized.

In this case, the valve control line is connected to the tank, the pressure drops, which causes the work operations to stop and the brakes of the cargo winch and the turning mechanism to close. If a car engine fails, the KS-4562 crane can be brought into the transport position using a manual hydraulic pump from which the liquid enters the pump pressure line through a valve. Emergency lowering of the load when a car engine or pump fails is carried out by opening the valve. A shut-off valve is installed on the pump suction line, which is used when repairing the crane’s hydraulic system. In order to ensure normal (without overload) tightening of the hook cage when preparing the crane for transport movement, the circuit provides a two-position hydraulic valve and an adjustable throttle. Preparing the KS-4562 crane for working with a jib is carried out in the following sequence: - release the jib head from its fastening on the boom base, removing the axle, turn it on the axis until the holes in the jib brackets coincide with the holes in the axles and boom head bushings; — secure the jib with clamps on the right side on the axes of the head of the upper section of the boom; - release the jib from its attachment to the base of the boom by removing the axle; — turn the jib on the clamps until the other side of the jib coincides with the holes in the axle bushings on the left side of the head of the upper section of the boom; — secure the jib on the left side of the head of the upper section of the boom on the axles with clamps; — install an auxiliary hook suspension if it is not installed; — move the hook lift limiter and the MZON antenna on cranes from the boom head to the jib head and connect to the crane’s electrical equipment according to the electrical circuit diagram; — switch the load limiter of the ONK-140 crane to jib operation mode. Technical characteristics of the KS-4562 crane with a lifting capacity of 20 tons Boom length, m - 10 Reach, m: - smallest - 6 - largest - 10 Load capacity, t, at reach: smallest - 20 largest - 3 - with a load when moving - 4 Lifting height, m: - at minimum reach - 10.3 - at maximum reach - 4.8 Load lifting and lowering speed, m/min - 0.035-12 Travel speed of the KS-4562 crane, km/h: - working - 5 - transport - 75 Rotation speed of the turning part, min — 0.3-1.5 Rear clearance, m — 2.8 Make of the base vehicle — KrAZ-260 Vehicle chassis power unit power, kW — 176 Fuel consumption, l/h — 9.5 Wheel track , m: - front - 1.95 - rear - 1.92 Distance between outriggers, m: - along the longitudinal axis - 3.4 - across the longitudinal axis - 4.4 Dimensions, m: length x width x height - 12x2, 5x3.8 Axle load, kN: - front - 59.3 - rear - 2x96.1.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

• Cardan shafts and power take-off Ural-4320
• Transmission gearbox Ural-4320
• Bridges Ural-4320
• Transfer case Ural-4320
• Steering Ural-4320

• Truck cranes and cranes based on trucks

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

• Cylinder block and cylinder head YaMZ-236 HE2, YaMZ-236 BE2
• Checking and adjusting YaMZ-236
• Power system and lubrication system YaMZ-236
• Driven and driven clutch discs YaMZ-236, 238
• Cooling and lubrication systems YaMZ-238
• Fuel injection pump YaMZ-238

_________________________________________________________________________

• Kamaz diesel engine
• Repair and adjustment of Kamaz power steering
• Kamaz-152 gearbox with divider
• Gearbox parts for Kamaz-5320 gearbox
• Kamaz transfer case and driveshafts
• Kamaz gearbox repair
• Clutch KamAZ-5320
• Construction of Kamaz-4310 drive axles

• Power steering MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Front axle and steering rods MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Clutch adjustment MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Adjustment and repair of gearboxes MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Repair and maintenance of the rear axle MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Front axle parts and steering rods MAZ-5516, 5440
• Steering Maz-5516, 5440
• Details of driving axles Maz-5516, 5440

• Clutch device ZIL-130
• Repair of ZIL-130 gearbox
• Repair of rear axle ZIL-130
• Basic parts of the ZIL-130 engine
• Transfer case and power take-off ZIL-131
• Drive axles ZIL-131
• Steering ZIL-131
• Maintenance of ZIL-645 engine parts

Specifications and prices

Main settings:

• Curb weight - 10400 kg.
• Load capacity - 12000 kg.
• The exact weight of the machine with all parts is 22610 kg.
• Engine displacement is 14.88 liters.
• Discless wheels.
• Pneumatic, tube tires.
• Platform parameters 5770 × 2450 mm.
• Possibility of speed development up to 80 km/h.

Operating Parameters

Engine YaMZ 238M2

Features of the KrAZ-250 device:

1. The design of the YaMZ-238M2 engine is presented in a V-shape . The power unit consists of 8 cylinders and runs on diesel fuel. The power of this device is 176 kW at 2,100 rpm.
2. This type of engine has its own distinctive features, consisting in the presence of additional functions: a pump with the ability to pump up fuel fluid, a clutch that advances hot injection, and a frequency regulator with a large number of modes.
3. The power plant has an air filter . It is equipped with a system that displays the level of contamination and has a pre-heater with a heating capacity of 32,000 kcal/h. The clutch in the car is equipped with a dry double-disc type. The gearbox is highly powerful, has five stages, and is three-way.
4. The car has a fairly high speed. It contains a transfer case with 2 stages of operation and an interaxle differential, which provides the possibility of temporary blocking. KrAZ-250 has a standard 6x4 wheel arrangement
5. Thanks to this design, the machine is able to move at optimal speed even in areas where there is no paved road. To achieve this function, radial tires should be used.
6. To fix the front suspension of the car, 2 semi-elliptical springs with high-quality shock absorption are provided. The bridge located at the rear is of the balanced type and has springs with a slippery surface at the ends.
7. The braking system operates with drum-type mechanisms and a pneumatic actuator with two contacts, which acts on the entire range of wheels.
   

   The first is necessary to activate the activity of the brake axles located in front and in intermediate positions. The second activates the rear brake axle. The system contains parking and spare brake mechanisms, which increase the reliability of this vehicle.

Truck crane Yurginets KS-65720 lifting capacity 40 tons on KrAZ-63221 chassis

Load-height characteristics of the KS-65720 truck crane:

www.sibkrans.ru

Driver's cabin

The cabin is entirely made of metal elements . Designed to comfortably accommodate the driver and 2 passengers. The driver's seat can be adjusted not only according to height, but also taking into account the person's weight. These parameters provide driving comfort, increasing the specialist’s ability to work.

The cabin is securely fixed to the chassis in 4 places. It is positioned as a separately located structural unit of the system. This can be seen clearly in the photo:

Driver's cabin

The cabin of the KrAZ-250 truck has the following important elements that provide a high level of comfort:

Heating system connected when necessary.

1. Blowing the window area by directing the flow of heated air.
2. Automatic windshield cleaning, reducing the range of work that the driver must carry out independently.
3. The presence of fairly massive and conveniently located rear-view mirrors.
4. Fan.
5. Possibility of automatic lowering of windows.
6. If necessary, the vents are rotated.
7. Built-in radio receiver.
8. Compartment for quick presentation of the main set of documents.
9. Visors for sun protection.

On the control panel of the car there are special indicators that inform the driver about the features of switching the light. Also, thanks to them, the driver can instantly see that the pressure indicator in the pneumatic system receivers has changed. The panel displays the current engine oil level .
Thanks to the presence of a panel that displays the most important features of the vehicle, the driver almost instantly knows if the liquid used to cool the system is overheating.

The car can reach speeds of up to 80 km/h, but drivers usually do not drive faster than 75 km/h. The maximum amount of fuel in 2 tanks is 330 liters. Fuel consumption is calculated from the consumption parameter of 35 liters when traveling 100 km, if the car is moving at a speed of 60 km/h. For comparison, the consumption of KamAZ 43118 with a truck crane is 42 l/100 km.

KrAZ-250 has the following overall parameters :

• length – 9,520 mm;
• width – 2,500 mm;
• height – 2,695 mm.

The ground clearance of the car is 275 mm. The turning radius is 13 m. The ascent can be overcome by a maximum of 35%. This value is a good indicator in terms of functionality and maneuverability of the vehicle. This type of equipment is used to carry out work with high productivity , including under adverse conditions.

Prices

The cost of vehicles is:

1. A KrAZ-250 model from the 80s, with frequent repairs and decent mileage, can be purchased for 150,000-350,000 rubles .
2. The average price for a unit in maintained condition without visible violations or malfunctions is 600,000-650,000 rubles.
3. If the technical condition of the car can be called good or excellent, and the mileage is not very high, then the owners can ask for 800,000-10,000,000 rubles for such a car , sometimes the cost rises higher.

New truck cranes based on MAZ-5337 can be purchased for 3,000,000 to 7,000,000 rubles.

Reasonable prices for KrAZ

Purchasing a KrAZ-250 is an excellent solution for beginning entrepreneurs who do not have sufficient funds to purchase high-quality foreign cars. This technique has been tested for several decades, so problems with movement at too low or high temperatures or off-road are eliminated.

The KrAZ-250 is easy to operate . If necessary, it is possible to carry out high-quality repairs due to the fact that a significant number of specialized centers offer competent maintenance and replacement of parts of technical equipment from the presented series.

What kind of oil should I put in the gearbox?

The KrAZ-250 requires an oil change depending on the season . There are options for all-season use:

• MT-16P.
• TAP-15V.
• USsA.
• CIATIM-201.
• CIATIM-221.
• Fatty solid oil.
• Grease 158.

In winter, there is often a need for more advanced products:

• MS-G4.
• TC-10-0III.
• Spindle oil AU.

There are options designed specifically for use in summer:

• MS-20.
• Industrial oil 20 (spindle 3).

Electrical diagram

Electrical diagram of KrAZ

The electrical circuit of the KrAZ-250 consists of the following elements :

• Relay.
• Wire harnesses.
• Fuel heater.
• Motorized washer connected to the electrical network.
• Electric speedometer.
• Lamps.
• Bundles of wires.
• Wires suitable for equipment components.
• Wire connectors.
• Feedthrough capacitor KBP-F.
• Rechargeable battery without electrolyte.
• Radio receiver with antenna AR-105.
• Loudspeaker GRA-24.
• Electric windshield wiper.
• Ammeter.
• Sensors
• Switches.
• Pre-heater contactor.
• Holder for instrument lighting lamps.
• Pressure gauge.
• Electric motors.
• Switches for various elements.
• Control lamp block.
• Circuit breakers.

Not available: