CHANGE OIL OF MOTORBLOCK MB-1
The oil level in the engine crankcase should be checked every 5 hours of operation. Install the engine horizontally. The oil level should reach the level of the filling hole.
If necessary, add oil.
Change the oil after the first 5 hours of operation. To fill the oil, place the engine horizontally. Using a screwdriver, unscrew the filler plug. Fill the crankcase with oil Filling hole
M10GI or M12GI (capacity 1.3 liters). Close the plug. Then change the oil every 25 hours of operation. Start the engine
and warm it up. Unscrew the oil drain plug and drain it. Close the drain plug and add fresh oil.
Before making repairs or servicing, disconnect the spark plug wire.
The gearbox of the walk-behind tractor is filled with 1.5 liters of transmission oil in accordance with GOST 23652-79 (TAD-17I, TAP-15V, etc.) at the manufacturer’s factory. Check the oil level before the first start
engine and every time before work. Turn the walk-behind tractor over so that the gearbox is in a horizontal position. In this position, the oil level should be slightly below the filling hole.
The gearbox oil is changed every 50 hours of operation, simultaneously with the engine oil change.
CHANGING THE BELT OF THE MOTORBLOCK MB-1
Remove the cover covering the belts. Disassemble the belt guide B. Loosen the guide roller B, remove the reverse belt A. When changing the forward belt D, loosen the two screws D,
holding the guide plate. Pull the plate back and remove the belt. Assembly is carried out in reverse order. Do not overtighten the guide plate mounting screws since the motor housing is made of aluminum alloy.
The spark plug should be cleaned and adjusted every 100 hours of operation. The distance between the electrodes should be 0.5. . .0.6 mm. After cleaning, rinse the spark plug with gasoline or solvent.
CLEANING the cooling system of MOTOR-BLOCK MB-1
To avoid overheating of the engine and its failure, it is necessary to regularly remove the fan housing and clean the engine fins from dirt.
Determining the malfunction of MOTORBLOCK MB-1
The engine does not start. Check:
Is there gasoline in the tank? Is there any air passage through the hole in the gas tank cap? Is the throttle working? Check the gap between the flywheel magnet and the stator, which should be 0.1. . . 0.15 mm. Is the spark plug damaged and connected? Clean, rinse and dry the spark plug. Blow out the cylinder by turning the crankshaft several times with the starter. Place the spark plug in place.
The engine runs poorly.
Check the spark plug.
Check the cleanliness of the cooling system.
Adjust the remote control system to maximum speed.
Many people ask how much oil is needed in the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor? What kind of oil to pour into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor?
Let's try to answer these questions. According to a representative of the Operational Repair Department (ERD) of the manufacturer, checking the oil level in the gearbox of MB-1 class walk-behind tractors, such as Oka, Neva, Cascade, Luch and the like, comes down to the following:
- We install the walk-behind tractor on a flat plane (that is, the wings of the walk-behind tractor should be parallel to the surface, while the gearbox itself is in a working, inclined position)
- We find a suitable clean wire, a twig 50-70 cm long, or something else that can serve as an improvised probe.
- We bend it a little into an arc.
- We insert the probe wire into the filler hole of the walk-behind tractor gearbox and push it all the way (all the way) along the body of the gearbox, that is, to the very bottom.
- We pull out the wire.
About the manufacturer and history of the Luch MB-1 model
The Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor is in the same line with several other modifications of such equipment, which differ only in names, but are very similar both in appearance and in the design of all parts and assemblies. And the factory index for all is the same - “MB-1” (there is also an absolutely identical version, differing only in the shape of the fuel tank - “MB-5040”).
The names for their products were chosen by manufacturing enterprises, many of which belonged to the military-industrial complex and the aviation industry. The manufacturer of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor was the Perm Production Association Motorostroitel named after Sverdlov (now JSC UEC Perm Motors), a manufacturer of aircraft engines.
The eighties and nineties of the twentieth century became for this plant the time when its products “came down from heaven to earth.” The line of manufactured equipment has been replenished with new models of gas turbine equipment intended for operation as part of gas pumping units of compressor stations of main gas pipelines and gas turbine power plants.
And also, in the light of the general “fashion for conversion” - consumer goods, among which, since 1985, was the Luch MB-1. In previous years, there was no point in producing walk-behind tractors in the Soviet Union: there was no market demand for them. Personal gardens were plowed and cultivated with collective farm tractors, either free of charge or for a reasonable fee. There was always a lot of gasoline and diesel fuel in farms, and they cost mere pennies. The years of destruction of the previous agricultural system throughout the country - the second half of the 80s and all of the 90s - became the time for the spread of the production and use of domestic walk-behind tractors.
Main products.
Currently (more precisely, since the beginning of the 2000s), Luch walk-behind tractors and other non-core “small” equipment have been removed from the lists of products manufactured by the Perm plant: it again produces only turbojet aircraft engines and industrial gas turbine mechanisms. This is also a nationwide trend: the production of walk-behind tractors has been abandoned everywhere at similar enterprises.
However, many of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractors sold back in the last century are not only in working condition, but also work season after season without serious breakdowns; pass from hand to hand and are considered a familiar assistant in the households of families from different regions of Russia and the CIS. Not every mechanism is able to demonstrate such durability in use.
The design of this equipment is so universal that analogues of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor are still produced by the Chinese, as well as several enterprises in Russia that, under the guise of their own production, make these walk-behind tractors from the same Chinese parts and components.
What kind of oil is poured?
Many people are interested in what kind of oil to pour into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor? To answer this question, you need to take into account several factors, the main one of which is the manufacturer's recommendation regarding the type of oil.
You also need to be guided by price, without buying very cheap liquids, because they are unlikely to be of adequate quality.
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In the store you should also pay attention to the degree of viscosity of the oil, which is indicated on the packaging. In addition, there are special additives - substances that increase the beneficial properties of the lubricant.
In general, oils can be of various types:
- SAE. These types of oils cope very well with sudden temperature changes, so they can be used all year round.
- The selection process is as follows: you need to look at the number in front of the letter W - a lower value will indicate that the oil is very well adapted to low temperatures (the smallest is 0W). If the letter W is not on the label, then this oil is suitable for the summer period.
- API. In this case, the letters in the marking will indicate the type of engine - gasoline or diesel. Accordingly, a certain letter will indicate that the oil is suitable for gasoline units, and another – for diesel units.
- The numbers will indicate the type of engine , i.e. number 4 means the oil should be used for a 4-stroke engine, etc. The EC value is the degree of energy conservation, i.e. The higher the value, the better the quality of the oil.
- ASEA. The highest number in the labeling will indicate that the oil can function in very difficult conditions.
- GOST 17479, 1-85 . These indicators characterize the degree of viscosity of the oil. As a rule, alphabetic and numerical values are written after this parameter, and their absence indicates that the oil is universal.
Transmission oils for filling into gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors
As for the gearbox, transmission oils must be used to fill it. For example, a good choice would be semi-synthetic oil ZIC 10W40, intended for gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors. API indicator – SM/CF, ACEA – A3/B3, A3/B4, C3.
It is usually sold in 4-liter containers, the cost of which is in the range of 890-950 rubles.
Another decent oil is Super T-3 85W-90 from Gazpromneft. Its technical data will be as follows:
- API indicator – GL-5;
- viscosity degree – 85W90;
- temperature indicator of loss of fluidity – -280C;
- flash point – 2170C;
- package length – 270 mm;
- packaging width – 130 mm;
- packaging height – 240 mm.
Brief description of the walk-behind tractor, its purpose and scope of application
The Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor is a compact, relatively lightweight unit for cultivating soil in personal plots and vegetable gardens, as well as for some other agricultural work. It is as simple as possible in design and quite convenient to use. Maintenance and repair are also not something complicated, requiring special knowledge or training. All you need to do is read the instruction manual. And spare parts are available and inexpensive.
Initially, the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor is equipped only with a soil cultivator designed for loosening and turning over the soil. But, complete with other additional mounted implements, purchased separately, this walk-behind tractor can not only cultivate, but also plow light “garden” soils; harrow; cut and clear furrows, hill up and weed rows; dig up potatoes and other root vegetables; mow; transport goods.
The compatibility of the walk-behind tractor with additional attachments is good, but when using them with the MB-1, of course, you must carefully follow the instructions contained in the operating manual for each attachment. A powerful and economical four-stroke engine allows you to use the walk-behind tractor in various household works.
Design of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor
Structurally, this walk-behind tractor consists of the following main parts: engine; clutch mechanism; gearbox; handles with controls; two tire wheels (or four cultivators). Details about the engine are given below. the clutch mechanism is designed to transmit the energy of the crankshaft torque from the engine to the gearbox and consists of two belts; forward pulley; reverse pulley; drive pulley; gear pulley, rods; forward and reverse levers, and springs.
The gearbox is designed to change the gear ratio and transfer rotational energy from the gearbox pulley to the wheels and working equipment. The chain reducer consists of two halves of the housing; chains; shift shaft; shift knobs; three blocks of sprockets and an output shaft.
The controls located on the handles are used to change the operating modes of the engine and the direction of movement of the walk-behind tractor. They consist of: the steering wheel itself; motor control lever; gear shift knobs. The steering wheel is attached with four bolts to the gearbox angles, and it is equipped with height adjustment.
The engine control lever is attached to the right handlebar with a screw, which is connected to the throttle valve of the regulator by a cable through a lever and a spring. On the left handle of the steering wheel, on top, there is a forward lever, which is connected to the forward pulley through a rod, chain and spring. And below, on the same left handle, there is a reverse lever, which is connected through a chain, rod and spring to the lever on which the reverse pulley is installed. The transmission provides operation in 2 forward and 2 reverse gears.
The wheels on the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractors are either pneumatic or cast rubber, size 4.00×10″. The outer part of the tread is most often made in the form of a traditional herringbone, and when installing such wheels on a walk-behind tractor, they must be placed with the corners forward. And to get the best results when plowing, hilling and digging up root crops, it makes sense to replace rubber wheels with metal ones with lugs. Instead of wheels, a cultivator can be installed on the output shaft of the gearbox.
Walk-behind tractor engine; transmission and chassis
The walk-behind tractor is equipped with a DM-1 engine. This is a four-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled carburetor gasoline engine with a displacement of 316 cubic centimeters and a power of 3.7 kW (5 horsepower). Piston diameter – 76 mm; piston stroke – 70 mm. Engine lubrication system - splash and in the oil sump; ignition system – contactless, electronic, with spark plug “A17B” (AII-I GOST 2043-75).
Starting is carried out by a built-in manual starter. The direction of rotation of the crankshaft is counterclockwise (view from the crankshaft pulley). The permissible engine tilt angle is no more than eight degrees.
The arrow indicates the screw for adjusting the fuel supply to the carburetor of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor.
Modern Chinese analogues of the MB-1 are equipped with Lifan, Lianlong, Vanguard, and Briggs and Stratton engines. And also the CADVI 168F-2A motor (Kaluga Engine), which is produced in Kaluga from foreign components and is similar in its technical characteristics to DM-1. In general, for its time, “DM-1” was a very progressive engine option for compact agricultural machinery. Many walk-behind tractors of those years were equipped not with four-stroke, but with two-stroke engines.
The engine oil must be changed after the first five hours of operation. Then - every 25-30 hours of operation. Mineral automotive motor oil for carburetor engines is suitable for the engine of the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor. The oil in the walk-behind tractor transmission is changed every 100 hours of operation.
The transmission of the Luch, like all old walk-behind tractors, is worm-gear. This is the simplest option, but it is the most reliable and durable.
The clutch on the walk-behind tractor is manual, with drive V-belts. The transmission from the engine to the gearbox (forward and reverse), and from the engine to the mounted implements, is V-belt. Chain reduction gear: 1st gear – 1:17, 2nd gear – 1:7.
A few more simple tips
The issue of buying oil confuses beginners - owners of walk-behind tractors - at a dead end. There is nothing wrong with contacting a consultant in a store. But it’s best to still look at the factory’s recommendations. Trying to save on oil can lead to expensive repairs to the walk-behind tractor. What other advice can you give on this topic:
- It is important to change the oil regularly , looking at the time the walk-behind tractor has worked. Therefore, it is better to keep a notebook in which to record operating hours of the equipment.
- The oil for the gearbox and transmission can be the same ; there is no need to overpay for different fluids.
- If it is not clear what engine it is, then you should look at its registration certificate . 2-stroke engines have one piston, while 4-stroke engines have two or more pistons.
- The marking on the oil bottle always shows the operating temperature . Don’t look for the “+” and “-” signs, they won’t be there. If the number to the left of the letter W is a minus, and to the right is a plus.
Changing the oil is not difficult. Now on the Internet and even in the instructions for the equipment, the procedure for doing so is completely prescribed. Just be sure to find an option specifically for the walk-behind tractor model.
Technical specifications in numbers
- The weight of the walk-behind tractor is 100 kg.
- Travel speed is from 3.6 to 9 km/h.
- Overall dimensions: length – 1.5 m; width – 60 cm; height – 1.15 m.
- Ground clearance – 140 mm.
- Working track width – 570 mm; transport gauge – 310 mm;
- The minimum turning radius is 1.1 m.
- Traction force – not less than 100 kgf.
- The working width of the equipment cultivator is adjustable, from 725 to 1200 mm; diameter – 360 mm.
- Average fuel consumption is from 1.5 to 2 liters of gasoline per hour.
- The volume of the fuel tank is 3.6 liters of fuel.
Engine oil quantity
The user manual for the use of a specific model of equipment must indicate how much oil is needed in the walk-behind tractor for its efficient operation. If there is no annotation, there are several general rules. Before replacing, you need to warm up the unit and install it horizontally. If there is residual fluid in the engine crankcase, it must be drained by unscrewing the drain plug. Then it is screwed back in and a new component is poured through the neck. You can control the liquid level with a dipstick; it should be between the Min and Max marks. An agricultural machine, depending on its engine size, requires from 0.6 to 1.1 liters of lubricant.
Reviews from owners of Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractors
Reviews from direct users of the Soviet walk-behind tractor are, for the most part, purely positive. People are especially impressed by its reliability, unpretentiousness, and durability in use. However, this equipment requires proper care.
Nothing supernatural: monitor the oil level and do not operate the walk-behind tractor if the oil level in the engine and gearbox is less than required; do not practice prolonged work at maximum speed and with maximum load; Do not press the forward and reverse levers at the same time; do not change gears while the walk-behind tractor is moving, and the like.
In terms of work comfort, the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor, like all similar agricultural machines of its generation, is, of course, very far from ideal. For example, some owners over time changed the muffler to a quieter one - a fair amount of noise during operation is really quite annoying and annoying.
In general, it is noted that this walk-behind tractor is suitable for non-commercial use on small plots of land - personal gardens and garden plots. On complex soils, for example, clay, it works with difficulty; The MB-1 itself is a rather heavy, unstable unit, so fiddling with it turns out to be a very tedious task for the back and arms. In general, only a physically strong person can “move” the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor around the site. But it processes ordinary light soils very efficiently and with minimal labor costs on the part of the operator.
There is positive experience in using the Luch MB-1 walk-behind tractor as a snow blower, hay mower, cargo transporter on a trolley, and even a drive mechanism for a hole-digging drill; feed crushers.
SAE oil classification
The generally accepted classification of lubricants is that created by the American community of automotive engineers SAE.
According to it, lubricants are divided into:
- winter;
- summer;
- all-season.
Winter oil is indicated by a number with the letter W. Summer oil is indicated by a number without a letter, all-season oil is indicated by a number and letter inscription, where the first number indicates the limit of sub-zero temperatures, the second - positive ones.
Table of viscosity values according to SAE classification (motor oil products):
