The mid-1980s of the twentieth century allowed the designers of the KamAZ automobile plant to begin designing a truck with a 4x4 wheelbase, which was named KamAZ-4326. Despite the similarity in cabin, engine and axles with three-axle all-wheel drive systems, the new car was not considered for expansion of this generation.
The KamAZ 4326 model is often called a classic hard worker, which, depending on the modification, is ready to transport goods not only in urban conditions, but also over long distances. The entire KamAZ model range.
Design Features
Among the design features are:
- reduced axial load on the rear bogie;
- improved distribution of useful mass among axial elements;
- smooth ride even with curb weight.
This dump truck model is equipped with a reinforced frame and platform with a powerful spring-type suspension that supports the rear axle pair. The elongated frame has solid type reinforcements and straight spars with equal cross-section. This helps to increase the level of reliability and service life of the vehicle.
The front suspension is equipped with stabilizers necessary for lateral stability.
Additionally, the manufacturer placed a visor on the front of the body, which helps maintain the integrity of the driver’s cabin.
Key components and systems have been manufactured in accordance with high international standards developed for heavy-duty vehicles.
Specifications
KamAZ-65201-63 - technical characteristics:
| Load capacity level, kg | 35000 |
| Lifting angle of loading platform | 55° |
| External overall radius, m | 10,5 |
| Climbability | 25° |
| Maximum movement speed | 90 km/h |
| Average fuel consumption, l | Summer - 37.1 Winter - 40.8 |
| Fuel tank volume, l | 400 |
| Number of cylinders | 8 |
| Arrangement of cylindrical elements | V-shaped |
| Type of fuel used | Diesel |
| Turbocharging | Eat |
| Maximum torque, Nm | 1570 |
| Rotation frequency | 1900 rpm |
| Compression ratio | 16,8 |
| Cylinder diameter, cm | 12 |
| Stroke of the piston part, cm | 13 |
| Loading platform volume, m³ | 16 |
| Load on the first axle pair, kg | 15000 |
| Clutch | Friction, disc, dry |
| Clutch system | Mechanical |
| Control | Pneumatic power steering |
| Load on rear cart, kg | 20000 |
| Locking of cross-wheel and center differentials | Eat |
Transmission
KamAZ-65201 Lux is equipped with a 16-speed manual transmission. It consists of:
- motor;
- clutch mechanism;
- front gear divider;
- gearboxes;
- cardan transmission;
- differential;
- drive type middle axle;
- rear axle;
- winch;
- power take-off boxes;
- transfer case.
The clutch mechanism makes it possible to separate the engine and gearbox. This is necessary in order to change the torque indicators over a wide range.
The front divider is used to double the number of gears. It, together with the gearbox, is combined into a common power unit attached to the vehicle frame.
The differential serves to distribute torque between axles, which is why this type of device is called interaxle.
Engine
The equipment is equipped with a model 740.73-400 engine. The maximum net power is 400 horsepower, and the displacement is 11.76 liters. The power unit is equipped with 8 cylinders. They are arranged in a V-shape at an angle of 90°.
The motor is manufactured in accordance with the international environmental standard Euro-4. The engine has a turbocharger, an electronic fluid injection system and an intermediate air flow cooling system.
The exhaust gas exhaust and neutralization system used is a muffler, which is connected to a converter.
Motor technical parameters:
- crankshaft rotation speed - 1900 rpm;
- diameter of cylindrical elements - 12 cm;
- piston stroke - 13 cm;
- torque - 1766 Nm;
- compression ratio - 16.84;
- coolant outlet temperature - up to +98°C;
- cylinder operating order: 1, 5, 4, 2, 6, 3, 7, 8;
- number of cycles - 4.
Wheels and tires
KamAZ-65201-6012-43 is equipped with disc-type pneumatic wheels with tubeless tires (size 315/80 R22.5).
Transmission
KamAZ is equipped with a ZF 16S151 gearbox. It consists of such elements as:
- clutch reservoir;
- pedal;
- a lever designed to change gears;
- reverse sensor;
- a valve that activates the range multiplier;
- converter sensor;
- the cylinder required to switch the range multiplier;
- splitter air flow distributor;
- clutch master cylinder.
The gears are engaged mechanically, i.e. through double H-switching. This type of inclusion is divided into 5 tracks. Spring mechanisms constantly press the handle to the neutral position. Pneumatic type shifting occurs automatically when the handle is moved to the 3rd or 4th gear position.
Preliminary gear selection occurs by moving the pneumatic valve to position B or H.
Brakes
The brake mechanism includes the following parts:
- compressor;
- receiver;
- valves that control the air supply to the circuits;
- brake chambers.
The compressor device is responsible for the pressure in the brake system. From it, the air flow passes to the parking housing valve, and from there to the energy battery chambers.
During maintenance and diagnostics, it is necessary to inspect all lines for air flow leakage. It is also recommended to drain the accumulated fluid and check the condition and performance of the brake mechanisms (drum-type mechanisms with a diameter of 42 cm are installed here).
The width of the brake pads is 18 cm, and the total area of their working surface is 960 cm². To stop the vehicle, you do not need to exert much effort, just a slight pressure on the brake pedal.
Electrical equipment
The design of power equipment at KamAZ includes:
- power supply system;
- light and sound alarm;
- external transport lighting;
- interior lighting;
- control and measuring mechanisms;
- driver's cabin heating system;
- windshield wiper;
- engine starting system.
An electrical supply system is necessary to power the mechanisms during operation of the power unit. In this case, the power sources will be 2 batteries, which are connected in series one after another. The negative terminal is connected to the vehicle body using a ground switch with a remote control system.
The electrical equipment is also equipped with a relay that unwinds the generator excitation winding circuit during operation of the electric torch device.
Dimensions and weight parameters
Dimensions and weight parameters:
- permissible weight of the towbar - 15,000 kg;
- overall length - 9.06 m;
- width - 2.5 m;
- height - 3.31 m;
- dump truck weight - 41000 kg.
Modifications
KamAZ-65201-21010-43. This is a heavy-duty dump truck with a front axle load of 7,000 kg and a rear axle load of 8,000 kg. The weight of the load being lifted must not exceed 29,000 kg. The engine installed here is 740.632-400, which meets the international Euro-4 standard. The power unit has a diesel-type turbocharger, an intermediate cooling system and a ZF16S825 gearbox.
The clutch is single-disc, diaphragm, model - MFZ 430. The hydraulic drive is equipped with a pneumatic power steering. The diameter of the drum elements is 42 cm, and the width of the brake linings is 18 cm. The wheels are disc and the tires are tubeless.
KamAZ-65201-60. This model is designed for transporting various cargoes, the weight of which should not exceed 25,500 kg. The transport is equipped with an all-metal platform with an inclined front side, as well as a mechanism for raising and lowering the cargo platform.
Truck device
By the time of its release in 2004, there were no analogues of model 63501 in the world. The vehicle's impeccable maneuverability was ensured by the 8x8 wheel arrangement, 4 driving axles, and load capacity. The object of increased attention is the cabin, updated after modernization: a spacious interior, a comfortable working area for the driver, etc.
All this increases the productivity of a truck manager. Comfortable seats reduce the load on the driver's back during long trips or transporting cargo in off-road conditions.
Initially, like many models produced by the Kama Automobile Plant, 63501 had a military purpose. Today the car is actively used by the military, as well as for civilian purposes. The truck is valued due to its increased cross-country ability, as it is perfectly suited for traveling in areas where mainly tracked special equipment is used.
KamAZ 65201-43
This modification is powered by a KamAZ 740.632-400 diesel engine with a power of 400 hp, Euro-4 class. The 8x4 wheel arrangement provides fairly high cross-country ability, tires are 315/80R22.5. Maximum transport speed is 90 km/h, fuel consumption per 100 km at a speed of 60 km/h is 43 liters.
Model 65201-43 is available in various configurations with slightly different parameters, for example, the platform cross-section can be rectangular or oval, and the body volume can be 16 or 20 m³. Load capacity from 25 to 30 tons.
Equipment options for KamAZ-6560. In service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
The design of the KamAZ-6560 all-wheel drive truck may vary. In particular, complete with an onboard platform - metal, with folding sides, equipped with a removable frame and awning. A considerable part of the machines of this brand was produced in the form of a universal chassis for installing all kinds of structures, superstructures and mechanisms. In particular, crane-manipulator installations of hydraulic or cable type, dump bodies.
In 2015, an all-wheel drive rescue tow truck based on the 8x8 KamAZ-6560 chassis was produced for the needs of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. It is intended for work to eliminate the consequences of emergencies and road accidents involving heavy vehicles. In addition to standard equipment, this special “tow-rescue” vehicle is also equipped with a crane to perform a wide range of loading and unloading operations.
The four-axle truck KamAZ-6560 is produced for the needs of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. In particular, only on its chassis (of wheeled vehicles) are the already mentioned Pantsir-S short-range anti-aircraft missile systems installed.
This military equipment is intended for air defense of targeted civilian and military targets, as well as for covering long-range anti-aircraft missile systems (S-300, S-400). In a minute, Pantsir-S detects, captures and conducts ten targets. Its reaction time is only six seconds, and only one and a half seconds elapse between target acquisition and missile launch. The list of air targets against which the installation operates includes airplanes and helicopters, drones, cruise missiles, and high-precision bombs. The maximum aimed firing range is twenty kilometers, the maximum altitude is fifteen kilometers.
Also based on the KamAZ-6560 chassis, the KamAZ-6560M Tornado armored combat vehicle was built.
Purpose of the 4-axle KamAZ-65201 dump truck
KamAZ 65201 is used for transporting various cargoes, mainly bulk ones. Widely used in construction for transporting building materials, construction waste, etc. All modifications of this model have rear unloading.
KamAZ 65201-63 is used in public utilities, as these vehicles have a large load capacity and reasonable cost.
Trucks are produced in different configurations: with oval and rectangular bodies, as well as different volumes - 16 and 20 m³. What body volume to choose depends on the density of the transported material: the lower the density, the larger the body volume required.
Cabin and workspace of the driver (crew)
There are no special differences between the cabin and those installed on other KamAZ models. The all-metal structure is designed for comfortable work by three people. 4-point suspension with spring struts, forward tilt via hydraulic lift, updated styling - qualities that deserve special attention.
The interior has a steering column with pneumatic locking and adjustment. The chairs are manufactured in Yelabuga and are fixed on air suspension. If the version of the model includes a sleeping place, then personal items can be placed under the bottom shelf. Depending on the model, the machine is equipped with a compact refrigerator.
