Diesel engine for UAZ: which one is suitable and how to install it

How to install an engine from T25 to UAZ

Share January 17, 2022 11:30:54

• Author: Alexandr Ychin
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I want to replace the engine with a D-21 and a Gaz-53 gearbox. How to install the engine on the frame correctly? Who knows, please tell me?

Share January 27, 2022 12:21:58

• Author: Z@VG@R
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Alexandr Ychin Regarding the installation, I think there will be nothing complicated, first you need to fit the clutch to the engine and make a bell, then install the gearbox, when all this is ready, you need to measure and adjust the height of the engine relative to the transfer case, as I understand your transfer case is separate from the checkpoint? After measuring the height relative to the transfer case, you can already start attaching the pillows, you may have to lower the engine below the frame, do everything locally, again, won’t the gearbox and engine be too long? in this case, the engine crankcase may rest against the bridge, you will have to lengthen the frame, you need to look and measure locally, you most likely need to look for a profile frum and discuss it there.

Share January 37, 2022 12:29:08

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I want to replace the engine with a D-21 and a Gaz-53 gearbox. How to install the engine on the frame correctly? Who knows, please tell me?

They installed it on the UAZ-452, but it probably won’t fit on the GAZ-69.

Share January 47, 2022 14:44:22

• Author: Alexandr Ychin
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Thanks for the information. I would be glad if someone sends a photo of their creation who has already done this. Can you tell me a specialized forum on this topic? Thank you in advance.

All about registration of self-propelled vehicles

What self-propelled vehicles need to be registered?

Self-propelled vehicles (tractors, self-propelled road construction, utility, agricultural vehicles, off-road motor vehicles and other land-based trackless mechanical vehicles with an internal combustion engine with a volume of over 50 cubic centimeters or an electric motor with a maximum power of more than 4 kW and trailers for them) are subject to state registration. with the exception of land-based self-propelled devices of categories L, M, N on wheels with an engine power of more than 4 kW or with a maximum design speed of more than 50 kilometers per hour, intended for the transport of people, cargo or equipment installed on them, as well as trailers/semi-trailers him).

Important: snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles and all-terrain vehicles are also subject to registration.

Who maintains the registration records of self-propelled vehicles?

Unlike cars, which are registered by the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate, self-propelled vehicles are registered by a specialized state inspectorate for supervising the technical condition of self-propelled vehicles and other types of equipment - Gostekhnadzor of the city of Moscow.

Self-propelled equipment is registered at the place of residence or stay of its owner. Therefore, only those who have permanent or temporary registration in Moscow can apply for a service to Gostekhnadzor of Moscow.

You need to contact Gostekhnadzor in the following cases:

1. To register equipment.
2. To make changes to registration data.
3. To deregister equipment.

What do you need to register a self-propelled vehicle?

Step 1. Pass inspection.

Step 2 . Collect documents:

• application (filled out online at mos.ru);
• a document confirming the authority of the representative (legal representative);
• receipt of payment of the state duty (the fee must be paid in any case, the receipt is provided at the request of the applicant);
• a document confirming ownership of self-propelled equipment;
• a vehicle passport or an extract from an electronic vehicle passport with the status “valid” in the system of electronic passports for self-propelled vehicles and other types of equipment with a note about payment of the recycling fee or a note about the reason for its non-payment. If an electronic passport was issued for the equipment, you do not need to provide a paper one;
• a document identifying the equipment as temporarily imported - if the equipment is temporarily imported into the Russian Federation for a period of more than 6 months;
• testing program for testing equipment approved by the manufacturer (manufacturer) - in case of registration of testing equipment;
• a document confirming the compliance of equipment with changes made to its design with safety requirements - when submitting equipment for inspection to Gostekhnadzor, the design of which has been changed;
• written consent of the owners of the equipment to register the equipment with one of the owners - if the equipment belongs to two or more owners;
• the acceptance certificate for the final recipient of the equipment who will operate it - when registering equipment supplied under a state or municipal contract;
• a written agreement of the parties on registration with the lessor or lessee - when registering equipment acquired by an individual or legal entity and transferred to an individual or legal entity on the basis of a leasing (subleasing) agreement for temporary possession and (or) use;
• MTPL policy (available upon request);
• for foreign representative offices and companies, citizens of foreign states, stateless persons - documents confirming their registration in Moscow;
• a copy of the certificate of conformity or declaration of conformity - if mandatory certification is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation (provided upon request);
• a document confirming the technical inspection of self-propelled equipment by the Gostekhnadzor inspection at the actual location of the self-propelled equipment (if the equipment is not located in Moscow).

Documents drawn up in a foreign language are provided with a certified translation into Russian.

How to apply for registration of self-propelled vehicles?

Applications for registration of equipment can only be submitted online at mos.ru.

After you receive confirmation of a positive review result, you will need to present the technician for inspection at the appointed time.

When registering equipment, a preliminary inspection is required to verify the compliance of the numbered units. For inspection, you will need to provide equipment to the inspection site. However, in some cases it is possible to inspect equipment at your site.

If the equipment is not located in Moscow, you can undergo a technical inspection (MOT) at the Gostekhnadzor at its location, and for registration, attach to the application documents issued based on the results of the MOT in the region. Please note: MOT documents will not be accepted from you if more than 30 days have passed from the date of issue.

The finished document - a certificate of state registration of equipment will come to your personal account on mos.ru in the form of an electronic document certified by an enhanced qualified electronic signature. To obtain a certificate of state registration, a paper passport of a self-propelled vehicle and a state registration plate, you must contact the Gostekhnadzor department in person.

Hitch design

It should consist of the following elements:

• clutch cover;
• Transmission;
• release bearing;
• release bearing flange;
• basket with clutch drive disc;
• M6 screw for fastening the flange;
• crankshaft bearing;
• flywheel;
• crankshaft;
• transmission extension;
• bolt M 12x1.5;
• motor tail boom.

More specifically about ZMZ

Engines of this type have already been discussed above. Many car owners say the main disadvantage of such an engine is low power. Indeed, for UAZ cars, with a fairly large weight and high requirements for cross-country ability, the engine is considered a burden. And its resource is on average 100,000-150,000 kilometers, which is not much. Despite the fact that spare parts for it can be found in abundance at any spare parts store, all of them are not of very good quality. Which also does not make good advertising for the engine.

But there are also advantages: they note that it is very easy to install and repair in case of breakdown, literally in the field. Not picky about the weather. A simple hard worker, without foppery, who fits any UAZ car.

Installing a fuel pump on a T-25A engine

Install a new or repaired fuel pump in the reverse order of removal. In this case:

1. Turn the pump shaft until the wide spline on the bushing 12 (Fig. 3.35) of the shaft coincides with the wide cavity on the spline flange 9;
2. Without damaging the gaskets 6, insert the flange with the front cylindrical part into the hole of the distribution cover and then into the drive bushing and tighten the bolts evenly;
3. tighten the union nuts of the fuel lines to a torque of 10 ... 14 kgf m.
4. Connect the fuel control rod to the control lever.

If the fuel pump has been disassembled and adjusted, as well as when installing a new pump, it is necessary to check and, if necessary, establish the moment when the npvr pump starts supplying fuel using a torque scope. Install a fuel pump ND 21/2-4-07 on the D-21A1 engine. The start of fuel supply by the fuel pump along the momentoscope meniscus should be for the D-21A1 engine within 24-25 degrees before the piston TDC. The landing belt of the new fuel pump housing must fit into the hole in the front sheet with a diameter of 105 + 0.035 mm with a gap of 0.05-0.175 mm; permissible gap is 0.3 mm. The neck of the fuel pump housing must fit into the bushing of the fuel pump drive gear with a gap of 0.05- 11.112 mm; permissible gap 0.3 mm. The landing belt of the splined flange of the fuel pump gear should enter the fuel pump drive gear with a gap of 0.04-0.26 mm. The gap in the spline interface (according to the thickness of the splines) between the splined flange of the pump gear and the splined bushing of the fuel pump should be 0.075-0.220 mm; permissible gap 0.4 mm

Checking and setting the moment when the pump starts supplying fuel.

1. Disconnect the high-pressure tube from the fitting of the section of the first cylinder* and install a liquid momentoscope (a small glass tube with an internal diameter of 1-1.5 mm) on this fitting.
2. Slowly turn the diesel crankshaft until the pointer attached to the camshaft gear cover matches the “T1” mark on the drive pulley of the fan drive. At this time, the first cylinder should be at the end of its compression stroke.
3. Remove the filler neck and unscrew the two bolts securing the splined flange of the fuel pump,
4. Place the fuel supply control lever in the full supply position and turn the fuel pump shaft with a wrench until fuel appears in the torque tube without air bubbles.
5. After a clean stream appears, drain some of the fuel from the tube and, carefully turning the roller, note the moment the fuel rises in the momentoscope tube,
6. With the pump shaft in position corresponding to the moment the fuel supply begins, find holes on the splined flange that coincide with the holes on the gear and tighten the bolts.
7. After installing the spline flange mounting bolts, check again and tighten the bolts.

Diesel: advantages

Perhaps the main advantage of this type of engine is, of course, savings. In the modern world, when prices are rising, including for gasoline, changing the engine means winning on fuel. Firstly, diesel always consumes less fuel than an engine running on gasoline. On average, this figure is about thirty percent. And the fuel itself is almost ten percent cheaper than gasoline - again, this is the national average.

The efficiency of a diesel engine is about forty percent - this is if the engine is not new. And more powerful units, which have intercooling and turbocharging, generally provide an efficiency of more than fifty percent.

The resource of a diesel engine is almost one and a half times longer than that of its gasoline counterparts.

These are the main positive aspects of engines of this type. Now to the cons.

Drive arrangement

If you create a tractor with caterpillar tracks, special attention should be paid to the drive to reduce the friction force. A ready-made analogue requires constant and responsible maintenance. The tracks are cleared of dirt and snow after performing various tasks.

The coupling device must move in its entirety, including the following elements:

• Gearbox;
• Clutch cover;
• Release bearing;
• Flange mounting screw;
• Flywheel;
• Crankshaft.

Frame and bridge design

The rectangular frame is made of a steel pipe (diameter 57 millimeters), a pair of traverses and a pair of side members. The steering system from UAZ will fit perfectly into the entire structure. The transverse thrust is created by welding; ball ends are welded at the corners.

A list of parts for the UAZ tractor frame is being prepared:

• Supports for securing the cabin - four beams;
• Four pipes for a rack measuring 80*80*6;
• Pipes for front side members;
• Steel sheet for automatic mounting of working tools;
• Channel No. 12 for the bumper;
• Six steel sheets for gusset;
• Pipes for tail spars;
• Two steel sheets for the automatic linkage bracket;
• Pipes for tail crossbars;
• Two pipes for the motor mount support.

To install the rear axle from a UAZ, follow a certain scheme:

1. The flange is cut into long axle shafts;
2. A hole is drilled in the center;
3. The segment is well processed and inserted into the hole made;
4. The parts are scalded, the excess is cut off;
5. The long stocking is shortened (only two shortened axle shafts are used);
6. The chamfer on the cut stocking is removed;
7. The stocking joints are welded;
8. The caliper is applied to the welding site;
9. The UAZ axles are attached to the frame with a V-shaped structure, which will be located on the rear axle cushions.

The brake cylinder, column, and steering gear rod are taken from the UAZ. The transmission is combined according to the standard: first the engine, then the gearbox and clutch basket. All these parts also fit from UAZ.

Diesel: disadvantages

Naturally, the diesel engine is not ideal. With all its positive qualities, you can find just as many (if not more) disadvantages:

1. Firstly, the weight of an engine of this type is much greater than that of a gasoline engine. In case of repair, you will have to tinker with installation, carrying and other unpleasant things.
2. Secondly, a car with a diesel engine already installed will be more expensive than exactly the same one, but running on gasoline. Even if you decide to buy the engine separately in order to install it on an existing car, it will cost you a pretty penny.
3. Point three, by the way, is very relevant in the conditions of our country, especially for car owners in the Siberian expanses: diesel fuel is very sensitive to low temperatures. There is even special winter fuel to minimize the risk of fuel freezing.

Actually, these are perhaps the main disadvantages of this fuel. Now, let’s specifically discuss the diesel engine on UAZ of various types.

Existing analogues and competitors of the domestic “classic” T-25

The produced original designs T30-69, TZO-7O, TZOA-80 and T45 use modifications of the base model T-25. Competition for the Russian T-25 in the small special equipment segment comes from the Chinese Xingtai-224 minitractor with a 22-horsepower unit and the Mahindra Fengshou FS 240.

The latter has a three-cylinder engine with a power of 24 hp. Both models lag behind the domestic “classics” in terms of fuel consumption per unit of power.

Factory models are inferior in originality to the developments of “home craftsmen”. In “handicraft” conditions, a homemade tractor with a T-25 engine is produced. A homemade mini-tractor with a UD-25 engine is also popular.

To watch online, click on the video ⤵

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Preparation for the manufacture of agricultural machinery

To assemble a UAZ tractor with your own hands, the manufacturer needs a diagram. The drawings must describe the dimensions of all parts used, as well as the order and principle of their installation into the overall structure. If you have drawing skills, you can prepare a plan yourself. Otherwise, you can use a ready-made drawing.

The place where the tractor is manufactured also plays an equally important role. It is best to equip a garage or any other utility room for this. The manufacturer should have a drill, a welding machine, a manual grinder and other power tools on hand.

A homemade UAZ tractor must consist of certain components. The efficiency and productivity of the unit directly depends on their coordinated work.

The design of an agricultural machine must include:

The UAZ tractor will be equipped with a powerful engine that has high traction and creates strong vibration. Because of this, the manufacturer must determine in advance the method of mounting the internal combustion engine on the homemade frame.

The engine, factory chassis, standard gearbox and cast iron beams - it is better to take all these components from the same car. This will make the assembly of the agricultural machine faster. If it is not possible to use components from one car, then you can try to connect mechanisms from different cars. In some cases, this will help make the tractor more efficient and productive.

The type of running gear of the unit deserves special attention. Most often, homemade products are equipped with wheels with a 4x4 base. In these cases, homemade all-wheel drive tractors with a UAZ engine become more passable and maneuverable. When assembling the chassis of an agricultural machine necessary for movement, you need to pay attention to the size of the wheels. If the owner uses it to perform simple household tasks, then the diameter of the wheels can be no more than 13 inches. If the unit will be used over large areas, then the rubber on it should be of a slightly larger diameter. Manufacturers often combine wheel sizes. To do this, they install the front axle of a UAZ on a homemade tractor with smaller wheels, and the rear axle with larger ones.

The coupling mechanism must be designed using the following elements:

To assemble the frame you need the following materials:

All prepared parts must be laid out next to the workplace. This way they will always be at hand and the assembly process will go faster.