KamAZ in the service of the Russian Army.
The importance of military trucks as a means of ensuring the mobility of security forces is increasing from year to year. Today, this type of transport differs from conventional trucks in the multi-purpose nature of its use, and Russian military trucks also have increased reliability and ease of operation, which has been proven more than once in military operations with their participation. Modern trucks are adapted for transporting materiel and soldiers, towing artillery systems, installing weapons and directly participating in combat operations.
War is not won only on the battlefield, and modern means of cargo transportation, thanks to the good supply of the army and the rapid movement of material resources, make it possible to win battles even before they begin. The issues of the vehicle fleet in the Russian Armed Forces are directly dealt with by the Main Armored Directorate. The department, in turn, works closely with domestic automobile manufacturers and design bureaus.
Ideal truck
The Soviet army divided military trucks into two types: rear and tactical. The first were essentially modernized or ordinary civilian trucks, such as the first Soviet truck, the AMO-F-15. The latter were developed on the same chassis, but directly for the army, and their main difference was their high maneuverability. This is, for example, the YAG series, which eventually became the ancestor of the first Soviet three-axle truck - the YAG-10. To meet the needs of the armed forces, the modern Russian military truck fleet includes the following varieties:
- special wheeled chassis;
- tracked vehicles;
- multi-purpose vehicles;
- wheeled tractors;
- trailers and semi-trailers;
- container bodies and multi-purpose van bodies.
The comparison with the Soviet Union can be continued in terms of capabilities. The limited capabilities of the first decade of the USSR were expressed in the fact that Soviet engineers did not hesitate to remake “for themselves” the products of the rotten West. The alteration, however, almost always benefited her. It is no secret, for example, that the GAZ-62 is a Dodge WC-52 modified for difficult conditions, and the GAZ-AAA is built on a Ford basis.
Fragments of testing military equipment:
The legendary trucks of the past Ural-375, GAZ-66, UAZ-469 and ZIL-131 were the basis of the design, from which, by adding various cabs and superstructures, vehicles for various purposes were obtained. The development principle remains the same today, because in essence Russian military trucks are expanded Soviet designs. True, today the emphasis is not on a wide fleet of vehicles, but on multi-purpose use. The ideal, but not yet built, truck of the Russian army should have the following advantages:
- design versatility;
- the possibility of transporting goods;
- adaptability to install weapons;
- trailer towing;
- solving problems in both war and peacetime.
KamAZ-4326 Army '1995–present.
A two-axle 4-ton military truck, unified with the KamAZ-43114 vehicle and equipped with a 220-horsepower diesel engine (later - a 240-horsepower turbocharged engine KamAZ-740.11–240). The platform is onboard, metal, with folding sides, and depending on the configuration, it is equipped with a removable frame and awning, benches. The internal dimensions of the platform are 4800×2320 mm. The BPM-97 “Vystrel” multi-purpose armored vehicle was created on the basis of the KamAZ-4326. According to orders from the FSB of the Russian Federation, two samples of the KamAZ-4326 dual-use truck were manufactured in an onboard version with additional and special equipment.
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Second wind
The Bryansk plant, which recently celebrated its 50th anniversary, was in limbo in the 90s, like many other manufacturers. However, today Russian military trucks continue to be replenished with products from this plant. The Voshchina-1 car, made in Bryansk, has good performance. The truck has both interaxle and cross-axle differential locking and an interesting tire pressure regulation system.
The new BAZ models 6306 and 6402 are also in demand. For military chassis, the plant offered the BA3 69506, equipped with a 300-horsepower YaMZ 238 engine and a bridge circuit for distributing transmission power. New models of military trucks are being developed based on already standardized families. A good example is the 80% unified models of Ural and KamAZ trucks.
The Ural-375, developed in the 60s, became the basis for such machines as the Ural-4320 and the modern Ural-43206.
The experience of modern military operations proves the need to create highly protected and highly mobile vehicles. Additional armor was successfully implemented on the Ural 4320 vehicle. The Ural cabin is equipped with external armor and armor linings. A bulwark to protect the rear wheels and radiator protection are also installed. Additionally, the roof and floor of the cabin and engine are protected by armoring the tail and hood elements. When glazing the windshield and doors, 33 mm armored glass is used.
Implementation of additional protection for Ural-4320.
The same approach to protection has been developed for ZIL 4320, KamAZ 43101 and others. Increasing the survivability of military trucks is achieved by using armored glass, bullet-resistant fuel tanks and combat-resistant tires made from the best modern materials. Interesting developments are being promoted to the Russian army truck fleet by KRAZ. The model with the number has a three-axle bogie connected to the cabin axis, i.e. formula "3+1". The truck is powered by a 400-horsepower YaMZ-7511.10 engine.
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Jüterbog Military Equipment Festival (2013):
KZKT 8014
The Kurgan plant of multi-axle tractors has a glorious history of almost half a century. Products from Kurgan began arriving in the Soviet troops in 1963 - the pioneer was the four-axle Uragan tractor, built on the basis of the MAZ-537, the plant’s own design. To replace the same MAZ-537 in the 90s, KZKT was developing the Rusich model range, the first truck of which bore the identifier 7428. The distinctive features of the new truck are a hydromechanical transmission and a powerful YaMZ-64011 engine (650 hp)
Having survived difficult times in the 90s and was renamed JSC Rusich, the company was able to return to the list of main suppliers to the Russian army. Based on the unification of the 7428 tractors produced by the plant since 1990, a range of chassis KZKT 8003 (6x6), KZKT 8005 (8x8) and KZKT 8014 (10x8) with a load capacity of up to 13, 27 and 40 tons, respectively, was developed. Other technical characteristics of KZKT-8014:
- Wheel formula - 10x8;
- Weight in running order – 26 tons;
- Load capacity – 40 tons;
- Fuel tank capacity – 900 liters;
- Engine - 4-stroke V-shaped or in-line diesel engine with powers of 470 and 475 hp;
- Maximum speed – 60km/h;
- Number of seats in the cabin - 2.
The trucks are designed to transport various weapons systems, as well as heavy oil and gas equipment and platforms. TMZ and Cummins power units have a large margin of safety, and the truck’s five axles allow it to navigate the most severe off-road conditions. The commercial use of Rusich ballast tractors is also developing.
Multipurpose chassis KZKT-8014 (10x8)
Cargo armored car "Typhoon"
In June 2011, the latest armored vehicles of the Typhoon family were presented in Bronnitsy, which are not inferior, and in some aspects superior to foreign MRARs. Typhoon is the first development created from scratch, not a modification. The project is being carried out by the Ural and KamAZ plants. The armored vehicle is being developed in several directions - 3-wheeled formulas (6x6, 4x4, 2x2) and 3 body modifications (hoodless, bonnetless frame and bonnetless body).
Armored car based on KamAZ - 63968 "Typhoon"
It is assumed that the vehicle will deliver military units to the site of hostilities and participate in them. The curb weight of the car is nine and a half tons, the total weight is seventeen tons. Fuel consumption – 35 liters. Typhoon can travel about 630 km without refueling. The maximum speed is 80 km/h. The typhoon calmly overcomes slopes with a slope of 23º and fords up to 1.75 meters deep (the driver is already sitting waist-deep in water)
Another Typhoon representative based on Ural-63095.
Armored personnel carrier DT-30PM "Vityaz"
In 1986, the DT-30PM Vityaz tracked armored personnel carrier was adopted. The Vityaz model is the only vehicle that can overcome the off-road conditions of the Far North, Siberia and even the Arctic. In addition, they can work perfectly in high altitudes and in places with high humidity. The maximum developed speed on land is 45 km/h, afloat – 5 km/h, engine power – 800 hp, cruising range – 700 km. The transporter's loaded weight is 29 tons, load capacity is 30 tons, capacity is 5 people.
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In essence, this vehicle is a response to American developments, although Russia, as usual, goes its own way: successful projects with an articulated tracked base can be counted on one hand, and for this reason the DT-30 is a unique vehicle. The truck is capable of overcoming water obstacles up to 180 cm deep. At the same time, the amphibious modification (prefix “P” in the name) is capable of moving on any surface, be it water, snow, stone.
The Vityaz two-link transporter is designed for transporting military equipment, weapons, ballistic missiles and personnel.
Floating conveyor PTS-4
In the near future, the PTS-4 floating transporter will enter service. The floating conveyor is designed to move large cargo, armored vehicles and personnel through water obstacles. The previous model (PTS-3) had a unique installation for self-digging and at low speed (12-15 km/h) could transport up to 16 tons of cargo through water obstacles.
PTS-4 is based on elements of the Russian T80 tank: torsion bars, tracks, tracks, and the gearbox and clutches are taken from the T72. The transporter is equipped with a tank engine of 840 hp. The PTS-4 is equipped with a 12.7 mm anti-aircraft gun with remote control. The new model will be equipped with an anti-aircraft machine gun with a reserve of 400 rounds, and the machine gun will be controlled remotely.
Floating conveyor PTS-4.
Loading equipment onto the PTS-4 conveyor.
The conveyor was created by the Mechanical Engineering Design Bureau of the Uralvagonzavod corporation. The total weight of the vehicle is 33.1 tons, the maximum speed on land/water is 60/15 km/h. The length of the vehicle is 8.3 meters, width is 3.3 meters, range is 600 km.
KamAZ-4326 Army '1995–present.
A two-axle 4-ton military truck, unified with the KamAZ-43114 vehicle and equipped with a 220-horsepower diesel engine (later - a 240-horsepower turbocharged engine KamAZ-740.11–240). The platform is onboard, metal, with folding sides, and depending on the configuration, it is equipped with a removable frame and awning, benches. The internal dimensions of the platform are 4800×2320 mm. The BPM-97 “Vystrel” multi-purpose armored vehicle was created on the basis of the KamAZ-4326. According to orders from the FSB of the Russian Federation, two samples of the KamAZ-4326 dual-use truck were manufactured in an onboard version with additional and special equipment.
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KamAZ-4326 Army '1995–present.
A two-axle 4-ton military truck, unified with the KamAZ-43114 vehicle and equipped with a 220-horsepower diesel engine (later - a 240-horsepower turbocharged engine KamAZ-740.11–240). The platform is onboard, metal, with folding sides, and depending on the configuration, it is equipped with a removable frame and awning, benches. The internal dimensions of the platform are 4800×2320 mm. The BPM-97 “Vystrel” multi-purpose armored vehicle was created on the basis of the KamAZ-4326. According to orders from the FSB of the Russian Federation, two samples of the KamAZ-4326 dual-use truck were manufactured in an onboard version with additional and special equipment.
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