Car UAZ-452 ("Loaf"): photo and description, technical characteristics, dimensions

Appearance

The design of this car can already be called rare. Hardly anyone else produces such cars now. So, at the front the car has simple round headlights and separate turn signals with built-in side lamps. The same optical design was used on other Soviet trucks. For such a specific body shape, this car received the nickname “Loaf”. What do reviews say about this car? Of course, its design is not its main strong point. This car looks too old. Perhaps the model has good quality metal? But here, too, the owners are disappointed. Metal rusts very quickly, in all places. In order to somehow preserve the car in its original form, owners have to repeat the anti-corrosion treatment procedure annually.

This machine was used in all industries. These are agriculture, the army (by the way, the military UAZ-452 was distinguished by higher bridges) and medicine. In the latter case, the van was used as an ambulance.

Salon

The interior of the car has not changed since the times of the Soviet Union. So, there is a familiar steel panel with simple dials for the speedometer and tachometer. The wipers work in different directions. The driver's seat has minimal lateral support and adjustments. What is noteworthy is that the engine here is located on the right side of the driver. Because of this, some sounds and vibrations are constantly heard inside. The cover that covers the engine does not have good sound insulation. And the interior itself is made primarily of metal, rattling over bumps.

Among the significant changes, it is worth noting the presence of seat belts and a safety steering wheel. This can be seen on versions younger than 2011. The steering wheel was also equipped with a hydraulic booster. Before this there was a simple, mechanical drive. Five years later, the plant made a couple more changes. So, all instruments began to be placed in a single speedometer dial with a display. A niche for an audio system also appeared in the cabin. However, you will never find a radio or speakers here - the installation of acoustics was done by the owners themselves. Also, according to the manufacturer, in 2016 the sound insulation of the cabin has been improved. But as the owners note, the changes are only minimal - the interior still needs to be modified and improved.

There are flat leatherette benches for passengers. In total, the car can accommodate up to nine people, including the driver. By the way, the passenger part is separated from the driver by a steel partition. There is a table in this car - perhaps the only element of comfort. After all, air conditioning, electric heating and power windows have never been here. Of course, it is difficult to drive this car for more distances. However, many people buy it for off-road trips and fishing trips. After all, there is enough space in the cabin.

Specifications

Initially, this car was equipped with a carburetor engine. The UAZ-452 was equipped with a UMZ-451 engine. This is an atmospheric eight-valve petrol unit with a timing chain drive. This engine was not very different from the GAZ-21A engine, except for the presence of a more “modern” oil filter from the Zhiguli. With a volume of 2.5 liters, this engine develops a power of 72 horsepower. Torque – 167 Nm in the range from 2.2 to 2.5 thousand rpm. According to the owner's manual, this motor is suitable for use in tropical and temperate climates. Although, as practice has shown, the UAZ-452 survives in the northern regions.

The compression ratio of the UMZ-451 unit is only 6.7. The cylinder diameter and piston stroke are the same - 92 millimeters. Note that this engine has high fuel consumption. The unit consumes 18 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers, according to passport data (subject to movement at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour).

Description of the car

The characteristics of the UAZ-452, laid down by the designers when calculating the car, make it possible to operate the product on surfaces with all possible types of coating. Cross-country ability is achieved due to the 4x4 layout and the fact that the dimensions of the UAZ Bukhanka are in optimal proportion. The modification performs various tasks, starting with the transportation of people and cargo and ending with its use as armored vehicles.

Many experiments were carried out on the car. For example, designers tried to put the body on a tracked drive, or use equipment to drive on rails. The experiment was a success, but things did not go further than experiments.

UAZ-452 “Loaf” car on a caterpillar drive:

When designing the car, the first priority was to create a vehicle capable of carrying eight hundred kilograms of cargo. This explains the choice of the GAZ-69 platform as the basis. Later it became clear that the product was not thick enough and could not withstand such a load. The platform was modified by releasing modifications: with sides and with an interior. The modification with the interior was later reinforced with transverse ribs on the roof. People nicknamed the cars “Tadpole” and “Loaf”, respectively, for their visual similarity.

The design and location of car doors is different in each modification. As an example, the 452-A machine is equipped with doors that open horizontally. The frame of the vehicle is equipped with doors with one leaf, the rear part with two leaves. Seats and the distribution of seats throughout the cabin are also related to classification and purpose. You can also read about Bleeding the brakes of a UAZ Bukhanka.

Modernization

In 1997, the Ulyanovsk plant made minor changes to the technical part. Thus, the UAZ-452 car received a new UMZ-4218 engine. It was also a naturally aspirated four-cylinder unit, but with an increased compression ratio to 8.2. This engine also has a larger combustion chamber. With a displacement of 2.9 liters, this engine develops 98 horsepower. Torque also increased to 220 Nm and is available at 2.5 thousand rpm. According to the operating manual, the UAZ-452 (“Loaf”) is designed only for 92-grade gasoline. When using lower octane fuel there is a risk of detonation.

We also note that in 2011 this engine began to comply with Euro-4 environmental standards. Fuel consumption, according to the passport data, is 11 liters in the combined cycle. But as practice has shown, the real consumption of this car is close to 16 liters.

The appearance of the car

The prototype of the first “452”, called “Loaf” by the people, was the Soviet GAZ-69 car. When creating the UAZ in the fifties, the design solutions and developments of GAZ made it possible to design a suitable chassis with the ability to transport cargo. It was planned to install both an onboard body and a van made of metal on the platform.

Car GAZ-69:

In 1958, on the GAZ-69 running platform of an extended modification, a car with all-wheel drive, labeled UAZ-450, was released. The vehicle came in the following versions: a van, a truck with sides, and an ambulance. The power plant was installed in the vehicle under the driver's cabin, the engine was borrowed from GAZ. The engine with a lower valve arrangement, volume 2.4 cm3, produced 62 horsepower. The impulse is transmitted to the wheels using a three-stage gearbox and a two-stage transfer mechanism.

Subsequently, on the basis of the brand, the UAZ-451 model was released, which had a rear axle drive. The machine is equipped with a power plant with an overhead valve arrangement, produced by the Ulyanovsk plant. The impulse to the wheels was transmitted by a four-speed gearbox. From the outside, the cabin design acquired features that are still preserved today.

The modernization of the UAZ-450 led to the appearance of the “452” model in 1965, which people called “Loaf” for its characteristic resemblance to a bread product. UAZ 452 loaf technical characteristics, which led to popularity and recognition, are in demand by sections of society. The seventy-fourth year was marked by the release of the millionth UAZ-452 vehicle. The plant was awarded many times for its contribution to the development of the automotive industry and for successful modification. Later, the product was awarded the All-Union Quality Mark (1977).

Over the twenty years of production, no changes or modifications were made to the “452”. In 1985, it was decided to change the labeling of cars leaving the factory. The four hundred and fifty-second was marked as “3741”, the index is still used today. The “Loaf” in today’s version is equipped with a fuel atomizing engine that meets the Euro-4 standard, a mechanism that prevents wheel locking, and a hydraulic power steering.

Transmission

Initially, this car was equipped with a four-speed manual transmission.

But later this transmission was replaced with a more modern, five-speed manual. What do reviews say about the UAZ box? The transmission is quite noisy and gears don't always shift smoothly. Also, the gearbox does not have a long service life. If the car is being prepared for off-road use, the gearbox may not be able to handle the torque that the engine transmits to it. As a result, the clutch fails, as well as the primary and secondary shafts along with the bearings.

Rear door opening width UAZ Bukhanka

Information on UAZ rear doors is provided for 4 models and 4 modifications.
The dimensions of a car's doors refer to the dimensions of its doorway.

Measurements of the car doorway are carried out using a tape measure at control points.

For various car modifications, control points have an individual location, the most common location on the drawings is as follows:

E: bottom left corner;
A: top left corner;
B: top right corner;
G: bottom corner of lock area;
H: lower right corner;
D: lower canopy;
C: top canopy;
F: Castle area.

The dimensions of the doors themselves will differ downward from the similar dimensions of the doorway by an amount that ranges from 5 (mm) to 10 (mm).

Important: detailed parameters of the rear doors of car modifications are presented in the links below.

General view General view of the rear doors

Caution: in the data for the size, the diagonal from the lower left corner to the upper right indicates the size of the doorway, in some other cases the data refers to the dimensions of the door itself.

Source

Chassis

The suspension design remained unchanged throughout the years of production. Thus, a dependent structure is installed at the front and rear, which consists of axles and springs made of 13 sheets. The suspension is very stiff - reviews say. In addition, the car is difficult to corner due to its high center of gravity. By the way, in order to connect all-wheel drive, you have to get out of the car and turn the so-called “hubs,” which is not always convenient when the car is already knee-deep in a swamp. There is no way to turn on the lock from inside the car.

Maintenance of suspension and frame of UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

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Maintenance of suspension and frame of UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

Suspension UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

The suspension of the UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206 consists of four longitudinal semi-elliptical springs working in conjunction with four telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers.

The front and rear shock absorbers are identical in design and are interchangeable.

Rice. 1. Front suspension UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

1 - front spring bracket; 2 - frame; 3 - spring; 4 - overlay; 5 - buffer; 6 - buffer lining; 7 - shock absorber; 8 - shock absorber bracket; 9 - rear spring bracket; 10 - rubber cushion; 11 - bracket cover; 12 - shock absorber pin; 13 - rubber bushings; 14 - lining of stepladders; 15 - coupling bolt; 16 - stepladder; 17 clamps

The front suspension spring of UAZ-3909, UAZ-32206, 3303 (Fig. 1) consists of 13 sheets. The spring is attached to the frame in supports using rubber pads.

The front and rear ends of the springs are identical in design, and therefore the installation of the spring on the frame does not depend on the position of the ends.

The presence of rubber cushions requires straightening the springs during installation, for which it is necessary to use a jack or a special device.

The shock absorber UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206 (Fig. 2) is a telescopic type, consisting of a working cylinder and components: a rod with a piston assembly, a compression valve and a reservoir assembly.

With its upper eye, connected to the rod, it is attached to the frame bracket, and with its lower eye, connected to the reservoir, to the vehicle axle.

Rice. 2. Shock absorber of the front suspension of UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

1 - eye; 2 - compression valve limiter; 3 - compression valve housing; 4 - compression valve; 5 - inlet valve; 6 - reservoir; 7 - cylinder; 8 - recoil valve; 9 - piston; 10 - bypass valve; 11 - rod; 12 - casing; 13 - rod guide bushing; 14 - lower sealing ring; 15 - oil seal; 16 - upper sealing ring; 17 - seal ring; 18 - reservoir nut; 19 - washer; 20 - protective ring;

Suspension maintenance for UAZ-3909, UAZ-2206, 3303

At each service, inspect the springs and shock absorbers.

To prevent corrosion, which is the main cause of spring breakage, and to eliminate spring squeaking, lubricate the sheets at least once a year.

To lubricate the spring, remove it from the car, disassemble it, wash it in kerosene, dry it and thoroughly lubricate each leaf with the lubricant indicated in the lubrication table.

Knocks and creaks in the spring supports indicate wear of the rubber cushions.

When installing the spring, finally tighten the stepladder nuts with the springs loaded with the weight of the vehicle.

Maintenance of shock absorbers consists of periodically checking their tightness, reliability of fastening and timely replacement of the working fluid and rubber bushings.

The shock absorber does not require special adjustments during vehicle operation. The performance of shock absorbers can be determined without removing them from the vehicle.

The rapid cessation of vibrations of the car body when moving over uneven roads indicates the normal operation of the shock absorbers.

Disassembly of shock absorbers UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206 should only be done when:

— the occurrence of an unrepairable fluid leak;

— loss of shock absorber forces during tension or compression;

- fluid replacement.

The shock absorber should not be disassembled unless absolutely necessary. Before disassembling the shock absorber, it is necessary to clean it of dirt, rinse it thoroughly and wipe it.

Disassembly and subsequent assembly operations must be carried out in clean conditions.

After the first 3000 km or if fluid leaks through the rod seal and sealing rings, tighten nut 18 (Fig. 2).

If the leakage does not stop, remove the shock absorber, disassemble it, inspect the O-rings and the hole in the rod guide bushing.

Replace parts that are worn along the inner diameter: rod seal, rod guide, reservoir O-rings and other parts.

Install the rubber oil seal 15 with the inscription “BOTTOM” on it towards the piston.

When installing, lubricate the internal surfaces mating with the rod with working fluid to reduce wear and prevent squeaking.

A decrease in the efficiency of the suspension shock absorber of the UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206 or failure of operation can be caused by clogging of the valve systems, settling of the valve springs or breakage of parts.

In such cases, disassemble the shock absorber, wash it and replace sagging springs or worn and broken parts. After a mileage of 100 thousand km, it is recommended to replace the fluid in the shock absorbers.

Before filling the liquid, place the shock absorber vertically, securing it to the lower eye, then raise the rod to the upper position, unscrew the reservoir nut and remove the rod with the piston; prepare the working fluid (320 cm3) and fill the working cylinder to the top.

Drain the remaining fluid into the shock absorber reservoir. Check the operation of the assembled shock absorber and install it on the car.

Frame UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

The frame of the UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206 is welded (Fig. 3), consists of two side members connected to each other by cross members. One of the crossbars 14 is bolted to the frame brackets.

This cross member is bolted to facilitate removal and installation of the transmission and transfer case assembly.

Maintenance of the UAZ-3909, UAZ-2206, 3303 car frame

The frame design is quite simple, reliable and does not require special maintenance.

When the vehicle is overloaded, cracks may appear in the frame parts, which must be repaired by welding, in some cases using reinforcements in the defect areas, after straightening the frame.

Rice. 3. Frame UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909, 2206

1 - spar; 2,3,8,9,10,14 - cross members; 4 - front engine mount bracket; 5 - front shock absorber mounting bracket; 6 - body mounting bracket; 7 - spar amplifier; 11 - bracket for fastening the rear end of the spring; 12 - rear shock absorber mounting bracket; 13 - mounting bracket for the front end of the spring; 15 - intermediate bracket for fastening the parking brake cable; 16 - radiator mounting bracket; 17 - front brake hose mounting bracket; 18 - parking brake mounting bracket; 19 - bracket for fastening the steering gear housing; 20 - front hook

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UAZ-469, 31512, 31514

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UAZ-3160 Simbir

UAZ-3303, 452, 2206, 3909

UAZ-3962, 3741

UAZ 31519 Hunter

UAZ-3163 Patriot

avtosteh.ru

Prices

If we talk about a new car, it can be purchased at a price of 650 thousand rubles. The option with a ten-seater cabin will cost 10 thousand rubles more. The package includes only power steering and seat belts. There are no pillows or any electrical adjustments here.

If we talk about the secondary market, prices here differ significantly. The cheapest copies can be purchased for 35 thousand rubles. However, tuning is popular among owners of UAZ-452 “Loaf” cars. Many install additional blockers, different tires with wider rims and various attachments.

As a result, the cost of such an instance can increase to 300 thousand rubles or more. Note that you can often find models on the market with already rotten bodies. Usually these machines are cheap, but after purchase it is necessary to carry out welding work.

Where is the frame number on UAZ 469

On production UAZ 469 vehicles, until 1985, the frame number was painted with white paint on the right side member of the frame, painted black. It looked like this: 469 star 220846 star 83. After 1985, it was decided to stamp the number with a stamp.

Photo 6: Location of the UAZ 469 frame number (Source: Yandex.Images)

Let's sum it up

So, we found out what characteristics and features the UAZ-452 car has. Among the positive aspects of this van it is worth noting:

Simplicity of design and maintainability.
Low cost of spare parts.
Inexpensive service.
Good cross-country ability.

But there are many more shortcomings. This:

Body not resistant to corrosion. UAZ-452 has to be constantly treated with Movil or mastic.
Low reliability of components and assemblies. Don't be surprised if something breaks along the way.
Uncomfortable interior.
Lack of any security.
Excessive rolliness.
High fuel consumption.
Outdated design in general.

Thus, the main audience of these car lovers are fishermen and hunters, as well as those who build a car for off-road trips. In everyday use, this machine causes a lot of trouble and does not meet modern standards of comfort and efficiency. Therefore, you should think carefully before deciding to buy such a Russian van.

Frame structure of UAZ-469, UAZ-469B, UAZ-469BG, dimensions and repair

The frame of the UAZ-469, UAZ-469B and UAZ-469BG vehicles consists of two longitudinal beams connected to each other by five cross members. Four frame cross members are welded to the longitudinal beams by electric arc welding, one cross member (the second from the front) is bolted to brackets welded to the frame longitudinal beams.

All brackets are welded to the frame, only two brackets for the fixed ends of the front springs are riveted. A closed-type double-acting towing device is attached to the rear cross member of the frame, which is equipped with a rubber elastic element that softens shock loads when starting a car with a trailer, as well as when driving on uneven roads.

Maintenance of UAZ-469, UAZ-469B, UAZ-469BG frames.

Maintenance of the frame consists of periodically cleaning it from dirt and checking by external inspection the condition of the longitudinal beams, cross members, brackets, as well as welded, riveted and bolted connections. It is necessary to periodically carefully inspect the left longitudinal beam in the area where the steering housing is mounted for cracks. It is very important to monitor the condition of the painted surface of the frame and promptly touch up places where the paint layer is damaged.

Maintenance of the towing device of the UAZ-469, UAZ-469B, UAZ-469BG frame.

Maintenance of the towing device consists of periodically cleaning it from dirt, checking its condition and reliability of fastening to the rear cross member of the frame, as well as lubricating the rubbing surfaces. The hook of the towing device must rotate freely around its axis and not have any noticeable axial movement in the body. This is achieved by adjusting the hook shank support nut.

The latch should tightly close the hook mouth and be securely locked by the pawl. The rubbing surfaces of the hook rod neck and the hole in the bracket are lubricated through a grease fitting. The rubbing surfaces of the support nut and the holes in the housing are lubricated with lubricant placed under the cap when assembling the towing device.

Repair of UAZ-469 frame.

When the vehicle is overloaded or in the event of an accident, distortions, bends, cracks and other damage may appear in some places of the frame, requiring frame repair. In addition, during operation, the rivet connection of the front spring brackets may become loose.

Before repairing, it is necessary to clean the frame from dirt, carefully inspect it and identify all damage. If, during inspection and testing, a violation of its correct shape is established, then the frame must be straightened in a cold state using devices. In this case, you should be guided by its basic dimensions. In addition, the difference between dimensions A and B should not exceed 5 mm.

Main frame dimensions of UAZ-469, UAZ-469B, UAZ-469BG.

After straightening the frame, it is necessary to check the perpendicularity of the axis of the spring brackets to the vertical plane, and also pay special attention to the correctness of the area where the steering housing is attached.

Cracks in frame parts must be sealed using electric arc welding. Before welding, it is recommended to chamfer the crack edges at an angle of 60 degrees. If there are long cracks on longitudinal beams and cross members, in addition to welding the cracks, it is necessary to weld a reinforcement applied to the welded area. The amplifier must be tightly fitted to the surface of the damaged area.

Before welding the amplifier, clean the weld seam flush with the surface. The amplifier can be welded both from the inside and outside, depending on the location of the crack and the ease of doing the work. It is not recommended to weld the reinforcement with a weld running across the longitudinal beam, especially in the vertical direction, since such a weld weakens it and creates the possibility of breakage in this place. To ensure greater strength of the frame and weld, the seam should be made at an angle of 45 degrees.

The reliability of rivet joints is checked by tapping them with a hammer. Loose rivets produce a rattling sound when tapped. If a weakening of the rivet connection of the front spring brackets is detected, the weakened rivets must be cut down and replaced with new ones. In this case, the holes for the rivets should be drilled out and rivets of larger diameter should be installed.

Before this, it is necessary to cut a window in the longitudinal beam reinforcement opposite the bracket for access to the rivets on the inside of the longitudinal beam, and after riveting, weld the window. The fit of the rivet head to the surface of the part must be tight. If it is impossible to repair the rivet joint, the rivets can be replaced with bolts and nuts.

Repair of towing device UAZ-469.

Repair of the towing device consists of replacing worn and damaged parts. Do not use the towing device to tow a trailer after fixing a bent hook and latch. In this case, damaged parts must be replaced with new ones.