UMZ-4216 - engine technical characteristics

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November 10, 2022 Fig.7. Crankshaft rear end seal with crankcase seal elements

1 – rear crankshaft oil seal; 2 – crankshaft shank; 3 – flywheel; 4 – gasket; 5 – clutch housing, lower part; 6 – oil sump seal; 7 – oil sump; 8 – crankshaft cuff cover; 9 – oil seal seal holder; 10 – clutch housing seal; 11 – clutch housing seal holder.

B – places for applying liquid gasket when assembling the unit.

Earbuds

The main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft are made of steel strip filled with an antifriction aluminum-based alloy.

Flywheel

cast iron, with a steel ring gear for starting the engine with a starter, attached to the end of the crankshaft with seven self-locking bolts. The crankshaft is balanced as an assembly with the flywheel and clutch.

Connecting rods

steel, forged, I-section. Thin-walled tin bronze bushings are pressed into the upper heads of the connecting rods. To lubricate the piston pin, there is a hole in the upper head of the connecting rod that coincides with the hole in the bushing.

The nuts of the connecting rod bolts and the studs for fastening the main bearing caps are locked using anaerobic sealant UG-6, UG-9 or Stopor-9. In case of disassembly of these connections, it is necessary to carefully remove the applied sealant. When assembling, apply 2-3 drops of fresh sealant to the threaded parts of the bolt and tighten the connection.

Piston pins

floating type, hollow, steel.

Pistons

made of aluminum alloy. The top of the piston has three grooves for piston rings. The piston skirt has an oval shape in horizontal section. The major axis of the oval is perpendicular to the axis of the piston pin bosses. In the vertical section, the skirt has a so-called “barrel” profile.

Piston rings

Three are installed on each piston: two compression and one oil scraper. The rings are made of special cast iron.

The outer surface of the upper compression ring has a barrel-shaped profile and is chrome plated.

Rice. 8. Intake valve actuator:

1 – valve seat; 2 – valve; 3 – oil deflector cap; 4 and 5 – springs; 6 – spring plate; 7 - cracker; 8 – rocker arm; 9 – adjusting screw; 10 – lock nut of the adjusting screw; 11 – rod; 12 – spring support washer

The second compression ring has a dark phosphate coating. There is a “TOP” mark on the upper end of the ring. The working surface of the ring is conical with a large diameter at the lower end of the ring. The angle of inclination of the cone generatrix is 1 ° –1 ° 50'.

Oil scraper ring with two chrome-plated protrusions on the working surface. The ring has a radial expander in the form of a bracelet spring.

When installing rings on the piston, the joints of the rings must be spaced 120° apart from each other.

Design

This is one of the varieties of the UMZ-421 power plant. The “four hundred and twenty-first” line also includes motors 4213, 4215, 4218.

UMZ-4216 stands out among them as follows:

aluminum cylinder block;
hardening of the main and connecting rod journals of the crankshaft with high-frequency current;
timing gear drive;
lower camshaft position;
aluminum rods.

In the UMZ-4216 engine model with a 92 mm caliber piston, the liners in the cylinder block are of the “wet” type, they can be removed. But in a more powerful modification with a piston diameter of 100 mm, the sleeve is firmly pressed into the corresponding compartment using a powerful press and cannot be removed.

The UMZ-4216 engine consists of:

UMZ-4216 engine - device

A block of 4 cylinders with liners arranged in a row.
8 overhead valves, 2 per combustion chamber.
Toothed flywheel of single mass type.
Crankshaft with 5 bearings and 4 connecting rod journals.
4 pistons, each with 2 compression rings and 1 oil scraper ring.
Shatunov.
Oil pump.
Pushers and rods.
Crankshaft pulley and hub.
Gaskets and seals.

The crankshaft has a gear made of metal, and the camshaft gear is made of textolite.

The ignition system, liquid cooling and other auxiliary mechanisms are connected to the engine.

Modifications of the UMZ engine ;"!:

Unit “421600” is the basic power unit of the series. There are negative aspects, but the engine is popular and in demand among owners of Gazelle cars. The base itself has a number of distinctive features that affect the set of auxiliary equipment. Thus, engines “4216.100402” and “42161.1000” are supplied with the old mount, the second motor is used on Economy class cars. For engines with brackets for a hydraulic-based power steering wheel, the marking looks like “...1000402.10”. The modification with new fasteners is marked “...1000402.20”.

Specifications

The technical characteristics of the UMZ 4216 engine vary depending on the modification. But only the motor power varies, otherwise the characteristics are similar:

Design of the UMZ-4216 engine cooling system

Number of cylinders — 4.
The location is in one row.
Operating procedure — 1-2-4-3.
Working volume - 2.89 l.
Piston diameter is 100 mm (92 mm is obsolete).
Compression in cylinders — 9,2.
The piston stroke is 92 mm.
Power - from 100 to 125 hp. With. depending on the model.
Fuel consumption in urban mode, average - 10.4 l/100 km, in mixed mode - 11.2 l/100 km.
Maximum torque - 235 Nm.
Total torque is 221 Nm.
The operating mode in which full torque develops is 2200-2500 rpm.
Idle speed is 800 rpm.
Injection is distributed, in the most modern modification controlled by a microcontroller.
The main type of fuel is 92-grade unleaded gasoline. 95 can be used.
The fuel class of the engine is Euro-3 or Euro-4, depending on the modification.

What affects the fuel consumption of a Gazelle

Let's determine how the fuel consumption of the Gazelle UMZ 4216 occurs, what affects it:

Appearance and driving style. If you accelerate hard, accelerate to speeds of 110-130 km/h, test the car at high speed, all this contributes to a large amount of gasoline consumption.
Season. For example, in winter it takes a lot of fuel to heat your car, especially if you drive short distances.
ICE. Fuel consumption of gas diesel engines is less than that of gasoline diesel engines.
Displacement of an internal combustion engine. The larger the cylinder volume in the engine, the higher the gasoline consumption.
Condition of the car and engine.
Workload. If the car drives without a load, then its fuel consumption is low, and if the car is overloaded, then fuel consumption increases.

Service

UMZ-4216 is a simple and unpretentious engine designed for commercial vehicles. Engine maintenance must be carried out regularly, in accordance with the maintenance schedule.

Maintenance work is divided into 3 groups:

daily status check;
control and diagnostic service;
routine maintenance.

Engine lubrication system UMZ 4216

Every day in the UMZ-4216 engine it is necessary to check the oil level, coolant, tightness of the cooling system, lubrication system and fuel supply lines. With in-depth control, which is carried out according to a schedule, the following is added to these works:

checking the thermostat, coolant sensors and all systems - oil, power, etc.;
quality of connections of all systems for tightness (including ventilation);
monitoring the condition of electrical equipment (including spark plugs for carbon deposits);
checking the timing belt and the alternator pulley belt;
generator condition.

UMZ-4216 engine fuel system diagram

According to the approved regulations, the following manipulations are performed on the UMZ-42616 engine every six months:

tighten screw connections;
adjust valves (as necessary);
adjust the gaps and clean the internal volumes of the engine from dust, carbon deposits and dirt;
wash the oil filter, crankcase, cooling system, replace the cooler;
change the oil.

How to reduce consumption

Many drivers pay great attention to fuel consumption, trying to save money. For example, if your business is transporting things, then fuel can take up a fairly large share of your income. Let's determine what ways to save money exist:

Use the car as normal. There is no need to drive at high speeds or use heavy gas. There are situations when it is necessary to urgently deliver an order, then this method of saving fuel will not work.
Install diesel on your car. There is a lot of controversy about this; some believe that installing a diesel engine is an excellent way out of the situation, while others are against replacement.
Install a gas cylinder system. This option is the best for saving fuel. Although there are disadvantages to switching to gas.
Install a spoiler on the cab. This method also helps save fuel, since the fairing tends to reduce oncoming air resistance.

Once you have chosen a way to save fuel, you should not forget about the condition of the car. Do not ignore checking the engine for serviceability. Pay attention to how the fuel system is configured and whether everything is in order. Check your tire pressure once a month.

Common breakdowns

The most common malfunctions of the UMZ-4216 engine include:

Engine UMZ-4216

Oil leakage. Occurs due to a loose fit of the crankshaft oil seal and occurs due to exceeding the recommended speed of 2500.
Jerking at idle, the engine “troubles”. Factory defect.
Knocking in the motor. Possibly after every 15 thousand km. The culprits are unadjusted valves or problems with the crankshaft.
Strong vibration. Problems with the crank mechanism or ignition system.
Motor overheating. Occurs due to failure of the thermostat, pump or gasket burnout.

The lineup

The UMZ-4216 engine has the following modifications:

Motor 4216.10, producing a maximum power of 123 hp. With. Euro-3.
Motor 42161.10 is a simplified version with 99 hp. With.
Motor 42164.10 - 125 l. pp., Euro-4 standard.
Engines 42167.10 and 421647.10 are gas-gasoline, with a power of 123 and 100 hp. With. respectively.

This engine is the only one among Russian engines, the installation of gas equipment on which does not lead to loss of warranty.

UMZ-421 engine structure

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Feeding group

The group includes elements that supply fuel to the chamber. These are fuel fittings, nozzles, filter elements. This also includes supply air tubes and a reservoir, a mechanism that controls operation without load. The fuel supply is adjusted using a set of meters: temperature, position of the first and second shafts, pressure, gas damper parameter.

Motor cooling group diagram:

The main mechanism of the power supply group includes an oxygen sensor. Installation location of the indicator, vehicle exhaust, not reaching the neutralization device. To prevent problems with the device, the machine is operated on fuel of an established quality. In addition, fuel filter elements are replaced within the time limits established by the regulations. Proper operation and maintenance will extend the life of the unit to 50,000 kilometers. It is characteristic that motors of the ZMZ 405 and ZMZ 406 brands also exhibit this feature.

Mechanism that distributes gases

After stricter requirements for environmental standards, the designers of the Ulyanovsk plant modernized the unit. Manipulations with the gas distribution mechanism were carried out in 2010. The result of the work carried out was a new profiling of the distribution shaft cam and, as a result, an increase in the valve opening value (1mm). The measures made the engine stable during operation without load and raised the standard to Euro 3 level. The problem is that the changes did not affect the spring elements; the force placed on the parts exceeded the norm. The consequence of such actions was a knocking sound from the hydraulic compensators, which disappeared after the engine warmed up to operating temperature.