Motor grader DZ 122, 122a and 122b: technical characteristics

The production of complex road construction equipment, such as motor graders, in the USSR began almost simultaneously at three machine-building enterprises.

After the end of World War II, the Bryansk Arsenal and Zavod im. Kolyushchenko”, later renamed “Chelyabinsk road construction machines”.

In the mid-fifties of the last century, they were joined by the newly created specialized enterprise DorMash. It was at this plant that in 1980 the production of the medium-class motor grader DZ-122 was launched.

Purpose

The DZ-122 motor grader is a self-propelled specialized machine that carries several working devices, the main one of which is a full-rotating blade placed at an angle to the direction of movement.

It is designed to remove loosened soil to the side. Moreover, due to the turning circle, this is done both in the direction of movement forward and backward.

The motor grader is actively used by city utilities and road services to clear areas of ice and snow. But their main purpose is to work on territory planning, opening road troughs, creating embankments or profile excavations, filling ditches or holes.

They do a good job of leveling various surfaces, including crushed stone. This technique is used for mixing and leveling various bulk materials.

The DZ-122 performs this work, making multiple sequential movements along the working surface. At the same time, it uses all the capabilities of a full-rotating blade, which can be rotated at different angles.

In addition, the grader can act as a bulldozer. To do this, a blade with a bulldozer blade is installed on the front part of the working trolley.

Depending on the modification of the machine, this knife can be fixed or partially rotary, which increases its operating efficiency.

A pick-ripper with four teeth made of high-strength steel is attached to the rear of the two-axial part of the working frame. Using this mechanism, it is possible to open and loosen soil, including asphalt pavement, to a depth of up to 25 centimeters.

Cost of new and used

Consumers from many countries note that the equipment is characterized by efficiency, long trouble-free operation, reliability and power. In Russia, this machine can be used almost everywhere due to its resistance to low and high temperatures.

You can buy a DZ-122 grader for at least 2 million rubles. subject to its standard configuration. Modifications cost a minimum of 2.9 million rubles, a maximum of 3.6 million rubles. You can buy a used DZ-122 for 1.1 million rubles. assuming it was released about 10 years ago. In this case, it is worth paying attention to the engine hours worked, the general condition of the machine, major repairs, etc.

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Specifications

Grader DZ 122 is a specialized, maneuverable machine with a full-rotating blade, initially located at an angle in the direction of travel. Its function is intended to shift the volume of the embankment to the side, filling small pits and pits. The operation is carried out in successive, numerous trips, using the capabilities of the dump. The hinged front blade allows you to perform the functions of a bulldozer. A ripper is attached to the rear of the frame, with a 1300 mm wide coverage, overburden operations up to 25 cm are carried out, right down to asphalt or cobblestones. Due to the range of rotation, the grader blade creates embankments or pits of a particular terrain. When giving preference to one or another DZ 122 model, you should be guided by indicators that determine the necessary operating functions of the machine:

• Geometric dimensions, which are 10100x2500x3620, taking into account the height of the flashing light and the weight of the equipment (14 tons).
• Track (2000mm) taking into account wheel camber of 20°.
• There are 2 driving axles, the third is rotary.
• Frame folding in both directions by 30°.

The blade is 2700 mm with a rise from the surface and a descent below the level of the blade by 350 mm. This option allows you to deepen (trough) roads. By turning the knife 90°, the side surface of the embankment or pit is processed. The wheel rotation angle is 45°.

Engine

Modifications of DZ 122 are often equipped with a V-shaped, 6-cylinder low-speed diesel engine YaMZ-236, with a speed of 1700÷2300. At minimum speed, 150 horsepower, the diesel consumes 165 g/l s/h. Depending on the configuration, conditions, operating mode, type of installed engine, the minimum consumption is 165 g/l s/h; maximum – 221.

YaMZ-236

The structures of the components and assemblies are mounted on a 3-axle articulated frame with a front axle and a 2-axle rear bogie. On the last one, at the back of the cabin, there is an A-01M engine with a power of up to 135 hp, fuel consumption of 180 g/l s/h. The wheels are mounted on hubs, and the trolley is on a rigid frame. Shoe-type impellers with hydraulic control. The robust frame features built-in bumpers and tow hooks in case of towing. With the exception of minor differences, the technical characteristics of the DZ 122A motor grader coincide with the performance indicators of both models.

Fuel consumption

DZ-122 can consume different amounts of fuel, which depends on the configuration of the model. The minimum possible value reaches 135 g/hp. h, and the maximum is 221 g/hp. h. On average, this motor grader consumes fuel in the amount of 165 g/hp. h.

Hydraulics

The determining factor in the operation of the grader is the hydraulic component of the control of the working mechanisms. Together with the electronic system, motor graders are equipped with hydraulic devices: pump-2, motor, distributor, lock, hinge, amplifier. The equipment is equipped with a main filter, a retardation valve, a working oil tank, pipelines, and high-pressure hoses. One of the pumps functions as a steering wheel drive. The second provides the remaining drives of the power mechanisms. The hydraulic motor is designed to convert the energy of oil flow into the energy of rotation of the blade mechanism through a gearbox.

The hydraulic distributor is a 10-section block with a safety valve. Serves to perform the operations of turning, tilting the driven wheels, lifting and extending the blade. Depending on the options available, hydraulic cylinders differ in size. Hydraulic locks are used to shut off cylinder channels during equipment downtime or unexpected pipeline failure. The hydraulic hinge supplies oil to the soil removal cylinders and changes the cutting angle of the embankment. The filter is mounted on the fuel line to clean the oil from small mechanical impurities.

Engine

The manufacturer has provided the possibility of installing several engine options. These are diesel engines D-260 and YaMZ-236 (both 6-cylinder), as well as two models produced by Deutz (4-cylinder). The most powerful of these engines is the YaMZ-236.

Device

In the design of the DZ-122, one of the main systems, the diagram of which must be studied, is hydraulic. Using hydraulic cylinders with good technical characteristics, the working devices are controlled.

1. The main frame is the main power device of the machine. It is characterized by a complex design, but thanks to the use of a profile made of high-strength steel, it has sufficient rigidity. On the frame, during its initial assembly, a plane bracket and a locking cylinder are attached, which serves as a stopper for the traction frame and allows you to drive the working equipment.
2. The front axle has hubs on which the wheels are mounted, tie rods with replaceable ends, as well as tilt and steering cylinders.
3. The rear bogie with wheel hubs has a complex design with balancers, gearboxes and braking devices. All four wheels, which are mounted on the rear wheel hubs, are driven.
4. Traction forces from the engine are transmitted to the wheels using a cardan transmission and cardan shafts.
5. The working equipment, which is otherwise called a grader blade, includes a traction frame, a turntable, a blade gearbox and the blade itself with a knife. This mechanism is driven by cylinders - frame lifting, frame and blade removal, cutting angle.
6. The front shovel consists of a blade and a bulldozer blade lift cylinder.
7. The ripper is a frame to which the teeth and lifting cylinder of the device are attached.
8. The cabin has a large glass area, which allows you to control the situation around the machine both while driving and when working with the ground.

For safety, the cabin is equipped with systems to protect against rollovers and falling heavy objects. Good sealing maintained in the cabin allows the heater to operate at maximum efficiency.

The seat and steering column are positioned to provide sufficient ergonomics when operating the machine.

The manual transmission equipment on the rear trolley under the cab makes it easy to change gears.

dimensions

• Operating weight - 13900 kg;
• Length - 10010 mm;
• Width - 2500 mm;
• Height - 3620 mm (with flashing light);
• Base - 5870 mm;
• Track - 2000 mm for front and rear wheels;
• The tilt angle of the front wheels is +-20 degrees;
• Transverse swing - +-15 degrees;
• The folding angle of the frame in both directions is 30 degrees.

Cabin

Located above the rear bogie with engine and transmission. This advantage makes it easier to manipulate the gearbox while maneuvering the machine as a whole. All-round visibility allows you to quickly carry out road work. The all-metal driver's cabin provides protection from mechanical damage. The workplace is equipped with sound insulation and working conditions in the range of -40 +40°C. The cabin is equipped with air conditioning and heater. The driver's seat and steering wheel position provide comfort for long hours of work.

DZ-122B7: Soviet reliability and European comfort

Main characteristics of the grader

1. Length 10 150 mm.
2. Width 2,500 mm.
3. Base 5,870 mm.
4. Track 2,000mm.
5. Height (max.) 3,620 mm.
6. Weight 13.9 t.

Description

The machine is placed on a rigid frame. It has three axles and is equipped with a manual transmission. In the basic configuration, the grader is equipped with a Yaroslavl YaMZ-236 M2 engine with 180 hp. The hydraulic system is made up of two hydraulic distributors made in a monoblock arrangement.

The wheel formula is standard, for vehicles of this type - 1x2x3. The working bodies are hydraulically controlled, the steering wheel is hydrostatic, and the clutch is mechanical with hydraulic booster.

The working equipment is a full-rotating grader blade made of high-quality steel with removable knives. The suspension can handle any digging job, even on icy surfaces.

The cabin is single, with air conditioning, sound insulation, and improved ergonomics of the workplace. Has rollover protection. Configuration options are possible according to the customer's instructions.

To increase efficiency, the grader is equipped with a leveling system with ultrasonic and laser devices. This system allows you to maintain a given angle, lifting height of equipment and other indicators, maintaining the required parameters during operation.

Features of operation

Essentially B the seventh is an attempt to combine Soviet reliability and simplicity with European comfort. The effectiveness of this combination in this unit depends not only on the manufacturer, but also on the qualifications of those who will operate this machine. Based on experience in field use, the grader does not have particularly reliable electrical equipment. But having a good service center for servicing heating, air conditioning and leveling systems can reduce the problem to a minimum. It would not be superfluous to motivate personnel working on this equipment to comply with the necessary operating and maintenance rules.

Even the ultra-reliable mechanics of the grader, designed, among other things, to be “fool-resistant”, will fail if work is carried out at the maximum level. And simply performing maintenance in the autumn-winter period can reduce the number of breakdowns by 10-15%.

Spare parts and unification

The repair base for graders has been formed over many years and currently the repair of models DZ-122, DZ-122A, DZ-122B7 is easily provided with any parts, components and assemblies. If there are available funds, the purchase of spare parts can be made at any service center or spare parts store. Many suppliers provide delivery. If you need a less expensive purchase, then on the used spare parts market you can also easily find a knife, blade, grubber (soil ripper) and any consumable part. With very modest finances, you can buy used parts in an institution that has a solid fleet of machines - there is a “graveyard” of decommissioned graders, bulldozers and other equipment at any such enterprise.

When purchasing a grader, you should take into account existing machines, since many parts and components of DZ graders are unified. The scheme of assembling two or three old machines into one is also used during operation.

Modifications

Over the years of production, the DZ-122 has constantly undergone improvements and modifications. Only the basic model DZ-122A has twelve different modifications.

In recent years, DZ-122B began to be produced, which also have several varieties.

The main differences in design are graders with a rigid or articulated frame, as well as the mechanical or hydromechanical transmission installed on them.

On the latest DZ-122B models, the cabin is equipped with air conditioning or a German heater, a Pilot series seat and a monitoring system with GPS are installed. To improve starting, there is a pre-heater.

The Italian hydraulic system is also a big plus for such a machine, burdened with hydraulic cylinders.

Important! Hydromechanical transmissions Zahnrad Fabrik and Dana, which are installed on new graders, allow you to have, in addition to six forward gears, three more rear ones. That is, the machine can move backwards at a higher speed, which means that productivity increases.

Modern special vehicles are equipped with an American or Swiss-made leveling system. This equipment allows you to perform work on profiling and leveling the soil with high accuracy up to three millimeters.

The shoe brake system has been replaced with oil bath disc brakes made in Germany. The brake system is controlled hydraulically. There is an emergency brake. This increased efficiency when maneuvering on difficult terrain.

DZ-122 is designed to work on soils of categories I-IV. On soil of categories I and II, the motor grader can work without a ripper. On harder soils, it is necessary to loosen the soil first.

Operator cabin and control system

The manufacturer of the DZ-122 designed the cabin to be not only comfortable and ergonomic, but also as safe as possible. Large glass areas are installed here, which open up a view of the work site and guarantee traffic safety. As standard, the grader is equipped with FOPS and ROPS protection systems, which reduce the risk of injury to the operator from falling objects and overturning of the machine when lifting a load that exceeds the carrying capacity.

A heater is used to create a comfortable microclimate. Thanks to the high tightness of the interior, maintaining the optimal temperature is easy.

The driver's seat and steering wheel can be customized to suit the operator's individual needs. The gear shift lever is pressure sensitive.

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Advantages

• Multifunctionality, ability to work in harsh, hot climatic conditions.
• The ability to rotate the grader blade in two degrees of freedom. Moving rocks of I and II hardness categories (Protodyakonov scale) without the use of a ripper.
• Traction force and axle drives allow working on loose soils. Comfortable control of operations from the cab. The advantage is a perfect leveling system.
• They are in demand in the domestic and foreign markets.

DZ-122B-7/6 motor grader

Warranty and service

For questions regarding warranty and service maintenance of equipment, you can contact:
8 8-800-250-28-26 (toll-free call)

FIND OUT THE PRICE For accurate information about the AVAILABILITY and COST of the product, please contact consultants and salon salespeople.

ATTENTION! Our online resource is for informational purposes only and is not a public offer as defined by the provisions of Article 437 (2) of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. For accurate information about the AVAILABILITY and COST of goods, please contact consultants and salon salespeople.

Flaws

• A hydromechanical gearbox that service organizations do not undertake to repair and the negative opinions of users are based on this position.
• Equipment
• They are equipped with American or Swiss leveling equipment, the error of which does not exceed 3 mm. The units are equipped with hydraulically controlled brake discs made in Germany.
• At the buyer's request, the package includes replaceable ripper teeth, bulldozer and grader blades, hydraulic cylinders, and other components and assemblies.

Analogs

In contrast to the DZ 122 motor grader, the domestic industry produces a heavy class machine DZ-98 (24 tons). The equipment effectively carries out work on the construction of hydraulic engineering, irrigation structures, airfields, and laying railway lines. It features a front drive axle, an engine (up to 230 hp), and the ability to mount various types of attachments. A mechanical transmission with 6 forward and 6 reverse speeds orients the grader towards high productivity.

The production base of middle-class motor graders is built on the introduction of main components from foreign suppliers into the design. These are engines, hydromechanical gearboxes from Germany, hydraulic valves, steering columns, cabin air conditioners from Italy, leveling equipment from the USA and Switzerland. Our own material and equipment laid the foundation for the production of graders, bulldozers, and other earth-moving machines. The products have received recognition from foreign users.

Domestic self-propelled equipment has received a quality certificate, which confirms confidence in the manufacturer.

Working equipment

The high technical characteristics of the DZ-122 are due to its efficiency, which is achieved thanks to the ability to install various working equipment. The standard working element is designed for productive leveling of sites, even if they are made of crushed stone. The machine is also capable of mixing various materials; for this, it constantly moves around the territory using a blade.

To process and level the side edges, a blade turned to a vertical position can be used. Cutting is carried out using a knife on the edge of the blade.

The equipment can be used as a bulldozer; in this case, a blade with a bulldozer blade is installed in place of the working element. The latter can be movable or stationary; this parameter is selected depending on the work operation being performed.

The DZ-122 grader picker-ripper is equipped with 4 teeth made of high-strength steel. It is used to open ice and asphalt surfaces, soil, etc. The opening depth is no more than 250 mm.

The basic configuration involves the installation of a grader blade with the following performance indicators:

Additionally, a bulldozer blade can be installed on the DZ-122 motor grader:

A ripper with three teeth, a ripping width of 1.37 m and a depth of 0.26 m, can also be installed.

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Advantages and features of a motor grader as a special vehicle

A motor grader is a maneuverable all-terrain vehicle with high wheels, a large number of gearboxes, three drive axles, a full-rotating blade and a universal set of attachments for earthworks (levelling, earthmoving).

The DZ-122 model is equipped with a full-rotating blade, initially located at an angle relative to the direction of movement of the machine.

Characteristics of the DZ-122 grader from Mashservice

Describing our new products, we will announce the following weight, size, functional and technical characteristics of the DZ-122 motor grader:

• The length from the bottom edge of the main rotary blade (in front of the machine) to the edge of the ripper behind the machine is 10 m.
• Cabin height is 3.62 m including signal light. Note that operators of heavy motor graders “ChSDM” DZ-98 sometimes complain on forums that their cabin is too high - 4.25 m, and they cannot drive everywhere; the DZ-122 cabin is slightly lower.
• The distance from the axis of the front axle to the front edge of the auxiliary blade, located “at the bottom” of the machine between the front and middle axles, is 2.7 m.
• The diesel engine of the motor grader DZ-122, located at the rear axle of the machine, is domestic, brand A-01 (6-cylinder, manufactured by Altai Motor Plant OJSC, operating power 130-180 hp).
• The weight of the grader is 12-13.8 tons, depending on the equipment.
• The maximum traction force is about 8 tons.
• The main full-rotating grader blade is 3700 mm wide and 630 mm high with blades. Below the soil level it can go 0.25 m deep.
• It is possible to install a bulldozer blade capable of going 0.5 m deep: blade width 2527 mm, height 860 mm.
• It is possible to equip it with a three-shank ripper.
• The DZ-98 motor grader weighing about 20 tons, for example, has 6 forward speeds and 6 when moving backward. Our average grader DZ-122 has 6 forward gears, at which it can reach speeds from 4.8 to 36.2 km/h, and two reverse speeds (4 - 15.6 km/h).
• When purchasing a powerful special vehicle, many customers are traditionally also interested in fuel consumption. This is natural, since when performing “power” operations with a heavy load, for example, digging a ditch near the road surface with a DZ-122 motor grader, special equipment can “eat” a lot of fuel. Our machine consumes a non-critical amount of it during such an operation. The specific fuel consumption of DZ-122 when cutting a ditch is no more than 0.08 kg/m
  3

  , according to the technical specifications for the machine.

Let us note once again that in this introductory article we present only the general and most basic characteristics of the DZ-122 grader, which allows us to get an idea of ​​its capabilities and differences from other special vehicles. The machine was developed and then improved during the heyday of Soviet mechanical engineering and engineering design. At that time, even the temperature at the driver’s workplace was calculated and “controlled,” for example.

All this data has been preserved over the past decades, is written down in our technical specifications, and will be included in the operational documentation for the motor grader.

Chassis

The advantages of the DZ-122 motor grader include the ability to install a gearbox:

• mechanical, consisting of six stages, two of which are designed for moving backward (gear ratio in high gear - 0.835);
• similar, with a gear ratio of 0.62;
• hydromechanical, consisting of six stages - 4 forward and 2 reverse speeds.

Wheels DZ-122

It is possible to install a Zahnrad Fabrik 9-speed gearbox upon special order, with 6 forward and 3 reverse gears. The maximum forward/backward speed is 43/25.2 km/h. The standard package includes the installation of 3 axles - 2 driving and 1 rotary (wheel formula 1x2x3).

Tire size – 14x20, internal pressure – less than 3 atm.

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