Gearbox of Kirovets K-700, K-700A, K-701 tractors. Main components.
As we have already said HERE, all transmissions for the Kirovets tractors of the K-700, K-700A and K-701 models have a mechanical drive for mode switching and hydraulic control of the clutches.
In other words, the modes are switched on like gears on a conventional (mechanical) box by moving the gears, and the gears in the K-700a, K-701 and K-700 gearboxes are switched through hydraulic control of the drive shaft clutches.
Thus, within any mode, gear shifting is ensured without interrupting the power flow. The K-700 gearbox, the K-700A gearbox and the K-701 gearbox are not fundamentally different.
As stated in the 1986 textbook: “The transmission of the K-700, K-700A and K-701 tractors is mechanical, with constant mesh gears, 16-speed, (four-mode), with hydraulic control of four clutches and mechanical control of gear clutches. All gears are spur gears.
The number of teeth and gear engagement modules are shown in the kinematic diagram of the transmission in the figure below:
HERE you can find out which gears (gear shafts) and with what number of teeth are installed in various gearbox models of Kirovets K-700A, K-701 and others tractors.
By the way, due to the fact that all the gears in the Kirovts gearboxes are straight-cut (except for one small bevel pair), there is practically nothing to rattle or knock in the tractor gearbox. Therefore, if you can hear “heavenly thunder” from your Kirovets K-700A, K-701 tractor box, then it’s time to disassemble or change it. This won't end well.
The gearbox on Kirovets tractors is installed on the front semi-frame on four shock absorbers 700.00.17.170 (AKSS-220M). The horizontal position of the gearbox of the K-700A and K-701 tractors is achieved through the use of adjusting shims 700A.00.17.098-1 and 700A.00.17.098-2. The Kirovets box is supported by four brackets (legs) on the shock absorbers.
The general view of the checkpoint is shown in the figure below. Because this picture is quite old, it shows a view of the K-700 tractor box. The 700A gearbox looks a little different.
The gearbox housing of the Kirovets K-700, K-700A, K-701 tractors is made from cast iron. It consists of the upper half of cat. number 700A.17.01.256-1 (No. 18 in the figure) and the lower half of cat. number 700A.17.01.255-2 (No. 16 in the figure). Both parts have an internal partition that serves as a support for the drive shaft of the gearbox 700А.17.01.010 and the drive shaft of the gearbox pumps 700А.17.01.191, in addition, inside the lower half of the crankcase there is a cast bracket for installing the reverse gear axis 700.17.01.138-02 700.17.01.075 tractors K-700A, K-701.
On the upper half of the gearbox housing, a breather is installed, a gear shift mechanism (item 8) 700A.17.02.000-2 with a valve box and lever (item 7), a bridge (item 2) 700A.17.19.500-2 control drives with drain pedal (item 3) 700.00.17.077, gearbox linkage (item 1) 700A.17.17.000 with lever 700A.17.17.020 for controlling the gear couplings of the cargo shaft (item 6).
In the lower half of the crankcase, rollers and a pin with forks are installed, with the help of which the gear couplings of the pump drive shaft, cargo and transfer shafts are controlled. Two housings (item 13), a plate (item 14) and a stamped steel pan 700A.17.04.010 (item 15) are attached to the lower half of the crankcase. The gearbox oil pump with an oil intake is placed on the plate. The photo shows the transmission pan K-700a cat. number 700A.17.04.000.
Tractor cabin
Modern K-700 models are distinguished not only by high performance and power. They are no less convenient to use than their imported counterparts. The cabin of such a tractor is equipped with ventilation and heating systems. In addition, it provides noise and heat insulation. It consists entirely of steel sheets welded to each other. There are three windows on the front wall of the cabin. Ventilation and heating radiators are mounted in a special niche. To make it easier for the operator to climb up, steps with handrails are provided outside the cab.
Power plant K-700, K-701
The engine power on the K-700 tractor reaches 220 horsepower. The first versions of this technique became available in the early 1960s. Excellent traction qualities of the tractor are provided by enlarged radial tires. The control drives and hydraulic system are designed for heavy loads.
Since the mid-1970s. The following versions of the Kirovets appeared: K-700A, K-701. They are equipped with the following types of engines: YaMZ 238, 240. The fuel system available on the tractor includes fine and coarse filters. The engine does not lose its performance properties when the equipment is operated in difficult conditions.
The installed four-stroke 8-cylinder engine YaMZ-238NM is fixed on the front semi-frame. The K-700 tractor is capable of reaching speeds of up to 33 km/h. The weight of different modifications of this version of the tractor varies. In particular, the mass of the vehicle is affected by the mass of the engine.
The K-701 tractor with a YaMZ-240BM2 engine produces 300 horsepower and is an excellent alternative to the powerful K-700. This technique remained in demand in agriculture for a long time. The power plant communicates with the transmission. The transmission includes a cardan gearbox, axles, and a clutch. These spare parts are reliable.
A little history
The first Kirovets in the USSR rolled off the production line in July 1962. It was produced by the Leningrad Tractor Plant. The first K-700 had an engine power of 220 l/s. They could also be used with wide-cut attachments. The excellent technical characteristics of the new model made it possible to increase labor productivity by 2.5-3 times compared to other tractors.
In subsequent years, the K-700 model was constantly improved. Many of its modifications were released. Some of them even began to be supplied abroad in the last century - mainly to Germany. Today, K-700 tractors are also popular not only in our country, but also abroad. They are valued by consumers primarily for their excellent maneuverability, power and performance.
Transmission system features
Using the gearbox on the tractor, the driver can change the speed of the vehicle both forward and backward. The peculiarity of the gearbox on the tractor is that there is no clutch. The gearbox itself is mechanical, 16 speed (forward), 8 speed reverse. In this case, there is the possibility of hydraulic control. The gears present have straight teeth, this is well reflected in the diagram of this working device. Gear couplings are installed on a shaft with gears. They affect gear changes.
Changing speed modes on this equipment occurs without delay. The gear shift mechanism performs the function of controlling the flow of incoming oil. Due to this, the fuel is directed to the spool. The gear shift mechanism housing is cast from cast iron. There are special channels here that are necessary for the direct distribution of circulating fuel flows. An auxiliary element such as the drive shaft is responsible for changing gears on the tractor.
The crankcase includes the pedal and control levers. The gearbox has several shafts. The input shaft is driven by a metal flat disk. The intermediate and load shafts (refer to the lower part of the crankcase) are distinguished by their operating efficiency. It should be noted that the load shaft is mounted on bearings. The existing driven drums for 1st and 4th gears are equipped with special synchronizer brakes.
The fork for controlling the cargo shaft clutches is fixed on the reverse clutch. It provides quick engagement and disengagement of reverse gear.
Thus, the operation of the K-700 tractor helps to increase the productivity of agricultural work. The tractor clearance is 440 mm. This circumstance ensured good maneuverability of this technique. It should be noted that gear shifting is carried out without loss of operating power.
Advantages and disadvantages of "Kirovtsev"
The characteristics of the K-700 tractor given above allow us to judge it as a very productive and powerful technique. The advantages of the Kirovets models are considered by machine operators, first of all, to be their high productivity with relatively low fuel consumption. Another advantage of this technique is its absolute maintainability. Another undoubted advantage of the Kirovets tractor is its increased cross-country ability. The 4 x 4 drive and huge wheels allow the agricultural machine to overcome almost any obstacle. The K-700 is also popular for its unpretentiousness in terms of fuel.
The K-700 is a tractor that, in addition to a lot of advantages, also has certain disadvantages. Machine operators primarily consider its noisy operation to be such. In the fields, during construction, and in public utilities, very old K-700 models, produced back in Soviet times, are often used. Of course, such tractors break down quite often. In addition, they are equipped with a cabin that is not very convenient for work.
Basic gearbox faults
Malfunctions and breakdowns in the gearbox in most cases arise as a result of wear and tear of the components available here and individual spare parts. Signs of when a gearbox repair on a K 700 is needed:
- difficulty changing gears;
- spontaneous gear shifting;
- oil leak;
- jerks;
- knocks, noises from the side of the box.
In case of any of these manifestations, the owner of the Kirovets must conduct a general diagnosis of the transmission.
Difficulty shifting gears may be the reason why the synchronizer brakes have become unusable. The cause of jerking may be due to loose fastenings. Also, adjusting the gearbox control drive can resolve the breakdown.
Repair of the K 701 tractor gearbox is necessary if increased heating of the installed gearbox is observed. As a rule, a low level of lubrication is noted in the gearbox. Fluid leakage from the drive axles occurs due to an increased oil level. Also, this may be the result of contamination of the breather. A consequence of the fact that the owner of the car has encountered a fuel leak may be worn out oil seals. Taking this into account, the tractor driver must monitor the oil level.
If insufficient pressure occurs in the hydraulic system, the gear coupling, roller, and bearing must be checked. It is worth inspecting the condition of the oil pump. If the pump has lost its performance, this element must be replaced with an option that will be suitable in its characteristics to the Kirovets working system.
Spontaneous gear shifting is another problem that can be eliminated by replacing worn parts or by adjusting the drive.
Driving the K 700 and other modifications will become more difficult if the gearbox pressure has dropped. There are several reasons for this, ranging from a clogged filter to a breakdown of the gear shift mechanism.
Where can the technique be used?
The K-700 tractor, the photo of which is presented on the page, thus has simply excellent technical characteristics. Such models are in demand today in many areas of the national economy. Very often these tractors are used, for example, by farmers. Such equipment is also in wide demand in the mining industry. K-700 is also used in construction or logging. Sometimes even the military buys these cars. As a tractor, Kirovets tractors can also be used at airfields or ports.
The need to eliminate any breakdowns that have occurred
The gearbox on the tractor ensures efficient starting and stopping of the machine. That is why it is necessary to take proper care of it. Ignoring any malfunctions with the transmission system can lead to spontaneous movement of special equipment, creating an emergency situation. Taking this into account, Kirovets must be periodically subjected to full diagnostics. This procedure includes checking the tractor components. First of all, these are mechanisms related to the engine and transmission system.
The duration of operation of the transmission system is influenced by what kind of fuel is added to the high-speed box. For the K 700 (701) gearbox, you should choose oils that retain their performance characteristics for a long time. It is allowed to fill the main and final drives with Nigrol.
You can carry out a fuel change in Kirovets either independently or entrust this procedure to mechanics who have experience in performing this work. Upon completion of the box repair, professional service centers must issue a guarantee for the work done.
For preventive purposes, it is necessary to clean the oil-conducting channels of the crosspiece. All worn or deformed components related to the gearbox must be replaced. It is better to give preference to original spare parts. This will guarantee that they will not fail prematurely. As a rule, the need to disassemble the gearbox arises as a result of prolonged use of the tractor.
When installing new spare parts into the system, certain rules must be followed. In particular, when it is necessary to install a drive shaft into the crankcase, there is a possibility that the bushing will be damaged. That is why it is advisable to entrust the work of replacing individual mechanisms to experienced craftsmen. To repair an engine or transmission, a special stand is required. The device removed from the tractor and fixed on the stand makes it possible to simplify the process of carrying out restoration work.
Thus, the gearbox installed on the tractor ensures efficient movement of the vehicle regardless of the choice of speed mode. The box has several drive stages. When repairing a gearbox, it requires disassembly, washing of its component parts, troubleshooting, and reassembly.
