KamAZ-6560. Engine and fuel consumption. Transmission, brakes and electrical equipment

KamAZ 6560 is a heavy SUV with an 8 by 8 wheel arrangement. It is designed for the installation of specialized equipment. Used on roads that are designed for an axle load of no more than 100 kN. KamAZ 6560 was first presented during the ninth International Automobile Exhibition, which took place in 2005 in Moscow.

It was later demonstrated during the IDEX arms exhibition, which was held in Abu Dhabi. The presentation of the new car in Asia was logical, since the Asian region was the most important for the export of the KamAZ 6560, equipped with the Pantsir-S1 system.

Device and description

The appearance of this model is related to the design of a new cannon air defense system. During this process, a chassis was required for transportation. Initially, it was planned to install the Pantsir-S1 complex on the Ural 5323-20, but the parameters of this vehicle were unsuitable for this.

The new KamAZ Mustang model, whose payload capacity is 14 tons, was also unsuitable for this complex. As a result, the Ministry of Defense allocated new funds to create a chassis with significant traction and high maneuverability. The result was the appearance of the KamAZ 6560 car.

In addition to the military sphere, this model was used for the needs of the oil and gas complex, as well as in the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The 8 by 8 wheel formula, combined with a single-pitch tire, makes it possible to perform the most complex tasks while moving across all types of terrain. The possibilities for using the KamAZ 6560 were narrowed due to the high load.

The design and technical characteristics of KamAZ 6560 are unique. Its parts were designed taking into account load-carrying standards. The vehicle's stability during cornering and high cross-country ability are ensured by blocking the cross-axle differential. The very durable frame is reinforced by side members, giving maximum reliability.

Brakes, frame and electrics

The truck stops thanks to a pneumatic braking system on 420 mm drums. The width of all brake linings is 180 mm. The efficiency of the system is sufficient.

The machine is built on a powerful frame, reinforced with solid side members. The design of KamAZ-6560 was developed from scratch, taking into account all the stringent requirements of the customer and operating conditions. To make the truck's handling safer off-road, engineers installed anti-roll bars.

An 8-axle flatbed truck has operational limitations.

The electronic systems are powered by two batteries with a capacity of 12 Volts/190 Ampere-hours. They are recharged independently from a 28-volt generator at 3000 watts.

Table: technical characteristics of KamAZ 6560

Loading platform

The truck is equipped from the factory with a metal cargo platform with folding rear and side sides. To protect the transported cargo from external factors, a removable frame with an awning is provided. The platform design has a length of 7258 millimeters and a width of 2470 millimeters. The height of the sides is 730 millimeters.

In addition, the car chassis provides for the installation of other add-ons. For example, truck cranes, crew buses, loader cranes, drilling rigs, containers and many others.

Modifications

Now 2 variations of KamAZ 6560 are produced:

• 3198-43 - is the main one for superstructures and special-purpose equipment. It is equipped with a KamAZ 740.622-280 engine, there is a place to sleep in the cabin, the model has 2 fuel tanks (the volume of each of them is 350 l).
• 6610-43 - a truck, the basis of which is the base chassis; has the same parameters, equipped with a rectangular platform.

Based on KamAZ 6560, the Galician plant produces cranes with a lifting capacity of 50 tons:

• KS-65713 - with boom reach up to 341 cm.
• KS-65715 - with a boom reach of up to 4,000 cm.

Purpose

Initially, the KamAZ-6560 truck was developed for the army. Its main purpose is to transport the Pantsir anti-aircraft gun complex, as well as many other types of weapons. In addition, the chassis is equipped with various mobile modules, KUNGs, special platforms and other add-ons.

One of the most popular versions is a truck equipped with a cargo bed with folding sides. This modification is used to transport any cargo and ammunition. Additionally, a tent frame and folding benches are installed on the platform, which allows the vehicle to also be used for transporting personnel.

KamAZ-6560 is distinguished by high power parameters, versatility and impressive cross-country ability. In this regard, the appearance of a military truck in civilian areas was not long in coming. Civil modifications are not much different from their military counterparts and they are also intended mainly for transporting any cargo in harsh road conditions. The ability to install heavy special superstructures allowed the model to cover areas such as the oil and gas and mining industries.

Motor

For KamAZ 6560 models, diesel engines belonging to the KamAZ 740 series are used. Four-stroke units of an overhead valve design are distinguished by a V-shaped cylinder arrangement, liquid cooling, equipped with turbocharging, air cooling and increased power characteristics.

The Common Rail complex is used, providing injection with a two-stage fuel supply using a special pump. Injection is provided by electronically controlled injectors. The engines use Bosh fuel devices.

Parameters of KamAZ 740 engines:

• volume - 11.76 l;
• power – 294 kW;
• maximum torque - 1766 Nm;
• compression level - 17.9;
• number of cylinders - eight;
• their diameter is 12 cm;
• class according to environmental standards - Euro-4.

Reviews from owners and drivers

• I took a test drive on a KamAZ 6560 because I am interested in similar equipment. From the outside, the car looks massive from all angles – primarily due to the impressive wheels. The cabin itself is compact. The machine has four driving wheels. The seating position is very high – it’s inconvenient to climb up there. The steering wheel and driver's ergonomics are painfully familiar to me, I worked on Kamaz trucks in the late 80s. With my height of 185 cm it is comfortable to sit. The steering wheel and seat can be adjusted to suit your body type. After starting, a pleasant diesel rattle is clearly audible, I press the gas and a smooth increase in speed follows. Despite the 15 tons (and with a load even more), the car moves off easily. There is a power steering, but it must be turned with force, otherwise the car will not turn in the desired direction. In general, the power and strength of this Kamaz is felt in everything - from appearance to handling, in terms of cross-country ability and carrying capacity. The steering wheel is very tight even though four wheels are turning at once. I don’t argue that if you have experience driving such equipment, you can fully appreciate the maneuverability of this car. At a decent speed you need to steer, but off-road the Kamaz behaves like an icebreaker. The huge ground clearance and high-torque engine do their job. There is a roll stabilization system, a differential block and other bells and whistles. I would buy one for myself for my collection, but I can only dream.
• I work on a heavy Kamaz 6560 off-road truck. The car was manufactured in 2005 and has been in operation since 2015. I bought this all-terrain vehicle with a mileage of 230 thousand km. This model has a truly universal chassis, which allows it to be used in the oil and gas and mining sectors, in quarry conditions, etc. I work part-time in this field of activity - there are enough orders. My equipment is in great demand off-road. Consider the 8x8 wheel arrangement, high ground clearance, the presence of all kinds of locks and permanent all-wheel drive. You can tackle even the softest ground thanks to high-profile tires with impressive mud tread. There is a center differential lock, as well as brake drums with a diameter of 420 mm. Pneumatic brake system. The robust frame structure has never been overcooked. My truck is equipped with a Kamaz 740.50-400 diesel engine, which has four strokes, eight cylinders and a power of 400 horses with a displacement of 12 liters. Peak performance is achieved at 1900 rpm. Fuel consumption under load reaches 45-50 liters per 100 km. The car is equipped with gas tanks with a total volume of 700 liters. The engine is very noisy - rattling and humming can be heard from idle to maximum speed, i.e. there is no silence at all in the cabin. Gearbox – hydromechanical 16-speed with divider. There is also a two-stage Steyr transfer case, the potential of which can be revealed in off-road and high-altitude conditions. If you have the necessary experience and timely maintenance, Kamaz 6560 will never let you down.
• I have been working on this all-terrain vehicle for three years. For three years, the Kamaz 6560 off-road chassis has never made us doubt its reliability. The weight of an all-wheel drive truck under load reaches 37 tons. However, even with this weight, you can count on confidently conquering long climbs without delay. The 16-speed gearbox fully reveals the potential of a forced turbodiesel with a volume of 12 liters, which consumes 50 liters per 100 km. In winter it happens even more. There’s more than enough noise from this engine, but it heats up simply beautifully – and even with an autonomous heater. It’s very warm in the cabin, I wish the seating could be made more comfortable. In terms of handling, ergonomics and comfort, the car feels like a typical army truck. It often breaks down over small things, the cabin and bottom rust, the gearbox leaks and engine oil leaks, and there are also leaks in the power steering and axles. My configuration includes a winch with a block, a power take-off, as well as a kingpin-loop hitch. Air brakes with a drum diameter of 420 mm are much better suited for such a truck in terms of reliability than disc brakes. Two 12 volt batteries and a 3000 watt generator are still running.
• I work as a contract soldier in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, driving a Kamaz 6560 flatbed truck, which has a metal platform with folding sides. The platform has a removable frame and awning. The universal chassis of this model is adapted for the installation of various add-ons and mechanisms. For example, you can install a crane-manipulator installation with a hydraulic or cable type, or even turn the flatbed 6560 into a full-fledged dump truck. Many modifications have been installed on this chassis, but so far I have had the opportunity to work on a flatbed truck, which has a load capacity of more than 20 tons. The towed trailer must have a mass of 12 tons if driving on the highway, and if driving on the ground - then 8 tons. The angle of the climb is 31 degrees, and the ford height is about 2 meters. The three-seat cabin is comfortable enough, but the seating position and outdated ergonomics feel spartan. Yes, the cabin has an updated front panel with modern, streamlined curves - it looks nice, but it doesn't feel that great. On the other hand, such equipment should be assessed by its off-road capabilities, handling and maintainability, rather than by comfort. Kamaz 6560 performs its task with 5 points.

checkpoint

This model has a 16-speed manual transmission. The line is equipped with two transmission models - ZF 16 S1820 and 16 S1822, respectively. They have similar design features and approximately equal gear ratios. The difference lies in the gear ratio that the main gear has (for the ZF 16 S1820 this parameter is 6.33, and for the ZF 16 S1822 it is 6.88).

Cabin

Vehicles in this series are equipped with three-seater cabins that have sleeping areas and are unified with other KamAZ models. The restyling of the automaker's models affected the KamAZ 6560 series.

So, the car received a new cabin with improved equipment. It has a comfortable interior, but is located very high (almost 2 m), for this reason it is sometimes difficult to get inside the cabin. The driver's car seat and steering column have the necessary settings that ensure comfortable operation.

Thanks to the high-power heater, a cozy microclimate is quickly created, while thermal insulation from several layers ensures heat retention. The basic equipment includes equipping the interior with a heating system, electrically adjustable mirrors, as well as a tachograph that complies with the Russian standard and has a cryptographic information protection unit.

Peculiarities

KamAZ-6560 has quite impressive overall dimensions and weight characteristics, but despite this, it is easy and convenient to operate. This is largely due to the presence of an upgraded hydraulic power steering.

Also, ease of movement is ensured by a powerful power plant, which has excellent traction over a wide speed range. It is worth noting that the car accelerates very confidently and quickly, at least for its weight.

After restyling, the cabin became much more comfortable. In any conditions, it is warm inside and not as noisy as in old-style cabins. The overall ergonomics of the cabin have also improved. All the necessary instruments were collected on the panel in one area, and the controls were located within the driver’s reach.

The main advantage of KamAZ is its very high cross-country ability, allowing it to cope with almost any obstacles. This quality is due to large single wheels with a tire pressure regulation system, all-wheel drive with locking center and cross-axle differentials, and high ground clearance. But due to the high altitude, you need to get used to steering the truck.

Of the main disadvantages, first of all, it is worth noting:

1. Large blind spot in front of the cabin;
2. When braking, the car “bites” a lot;
3. When cornering, due to the high center of gravity, quite strong rolls are observed;
4. From a comfort point of view, the suspension is stiff, since even small road irregularities are felt.