The use of electronic control and diagnostic systems is widespread in modern engines. Such systems greatly simplify troubleshooting inside a diesel engine.
It is enough just to connect the diagnostic equipment to the appropriate electronic connector, and all information about the engine condition will be on the screen.
In addition, many vehicles equipped with Cummins engines are equipped with a self-diagnosis system, thanks to which you can accurately determine the malfunction even without connecting third-party equipment.
However, in both cases, the interaction of electronic diagnostics with the operator is carried out using standard codes. In order to understand the diagnostic system signals, you need to know exactly what the Kamens engine error codes mean. To do this, you need to understand them in more detail.
Cammens engine diagnostic system
Error codes or engine malfunctions are digital codes that are generated by the vehicle’s self-diagnosis system when a particular malfunction occurs.
Each code that occurs is recorded by the electronic control unit and stored in its memory. This allows you to track the history of the error and more accurately determine the cause of its occurrence. As a result, you can make faster and better repairs.
Electronic codes not only indicate engine malfunctions, but are also a purely informative function, giving an accurate idea of the processes occurring inside the engine or what is happening in the control system.
Codes can be active (those that report a current, unresolved error) and inactive (past errors that are stored in the memory of the electronic engine management system).
To successfully use the codes that the self-diagnosis system produces, you need to know exactly where to look for Kamens error codes. They are always on the control panel. Depending on the age of the car, they can be displayed either using indicator signals (LEDs) or on a digital display in the case of more modern cars.
When replacing the alternator belt, before removing it, it is better to draw up a diagram of its location - this will greatly facilitate the installation of a new belt.A prerequisite on which the success of Kamens isf 3.8 repair depends is the timely detection of the malfunction. A decrease in power, difficult starting, characteristic instability in operation in various modes, an increase in specific fuel consumption and an increase in CO content are reasons for diagnostics. Details here.
In order to prioritize signals and warnings, they are illuminated with the usual three-color backlighting: green, yellow and red. The meaning of these colors is intuitive: red should be taken as an indication to stop the engine and immediately take action to eliminate the malfunction. Before this, starting the engine is prohibited.
Yellow color is a warning. Although it does not require immediate shutdown of the unit, the yellow indicator still signals the need to correct the malfunction as soon as possible.
The green color of the indicator does not indicate an error, but indicates the current state of the engine. This Cummins error code, highlighted in green, may indicate parameters such as coolant level and temperature, system oil temperature, air temperature, etc.
So, it's time to sum it up. The diagnostic system can signal the occurrence of a particular error:
- or by flashing indicator lights;
- or digital codes that appear on the display in more modern cars.
Accordingly, the driver’s actions will be different. Let's look at what needs to be done to clarify the meaning of the blinking lights.
4.2. Six-digit codes
| Code | Description of the problem |
| 520208 | Electrical problems |
| 520211 | Electrical contact failure in ABS |
| 520222 | Violation in the order of interaction of the injector channels |
| 520223 | Problems in the operation of the control element, which usually arise when the internal combustion engine is running |
| 520224 | Problem with EEPROM module |
| 520225 | Software Compliance Failure |
| 520296 | Reduced performance characteristics of the neutralizer |
| 523601 | The refrigerant controller indicators do not correspond to the norm |
| 523612 | Damage to pressure control valves |
| 523615 | Malfunction of the fuel metering element in the pump |
Recognizing Cummins Engine Error Codes Using Indicators
There are quite a few vehicles equipped with Cummins engines that are not equipped with a digital display that will immediately display an error code. Therefore, it is necessary to know the procedure when working with the self-diagnosis system.
When an LED lights up, indicating an error has occurred, especially if it is a red signal, it is necessary to clarify what kind of Kamens engine error we are talking about. For this purpose, Cummins diesel engines have a standard algorithm for removing the error code.
So, the dashboard lights up red, yellow or green. You can find out the fault code as follows.
The first step is to turn the ignition key to position 1, which illuminates the control panel. Next to the indicators there is a key that starts the self-diagnosis process, indicated by the corresponding inscription. You need to press it for the error code to start clearing.
The error code is shown by the red lamp by a number of flashes after a pause. Each error signal starts with the yellow LED flashing once. The same single signal from the yellow signal lamp indicates the end of the error code reproduction.
4.3. Sensor malfunctions
A KamAZ vehicle contains a large number of sensors that allow the entire vehicle system to function correctly. Almost every key element has its own sensors. They reflect the correct functioning of the fuel, brake system, control unit, electrical circuit and various mechanisms. If the sensors are faulty, certain codes will indicate this during diagnostics. The codes are as follows:
| Code | Description of the problem |
| 221 | Malfunction of the sensor for setting the location of each pedal |
| 223 | Malfunction of the sensor for setting the atmospheric pressure value |
| 335 | Failure in the electrical wiring of the output cascade for lamp operation |
| 231 | Malfunction of the sensor, which is needed to read the set boost pressure values on the ECU |
| 124 | Error in the functioning of the voltage indicator sensor |
| 345 | Errors in signal transmission from the exhaust gas pressure sensor |
| 113 | Violation of the camshaft speed values |
| 112 | Failures in the chain gap where the signal comes from the crankshaft to the computer |
| 246 | Problems with the temperature sensor |
| 00550 | Violation of the integrity and correct operation of the fuel injection pump plug |
Workshop on identifying error codes on Cummins
It's time to figure out how this works in practice. Let's assume that it is necessary to determine error codes on the Kamens 14 engine. While driving, the red indicator light came on, signaling that you urgently need to stop the engine, find out and eliminate the cause of the alarm.
After stopping the engine, you need to switch the ignition key to position 1. Then press the diagnostic button. The yellow light blinked once, indicating that there was an error. Next, we count the blinking of the red indicator: two winks, a pause, one wink, a pause, four winks and a flash of the yellow indicator. Then the red indicator flashes again from the beginning. And so three times. This indicates that an error code 214 has occurred in the engine.
Using the table given in the engine operating instructions, we determine what error 214 indicates. The table indicates that this code indicates that the oil in the system has heated to a critical temperature.
Engine overheating can be caused by an incorrectly selected operating mode (for example, continuous driving in low gears). It should be noted that in hot weather, boiling will occur especially quickly.
As for the driving speed, the GAZelle BUSINESS on the Cummins diesel engine is capable of developing 130 km/h in the CMF body and 120 km/h in the “bus” or “flatbed” version. Read about the Gazelle and the new engine here.
Until the oil cools down, it will be prohibited to continue the journey. When the malfunction is corrected, the error becomes inactive and the red and yellow lamps on the dashboard light up simultaneously. This indicates that there are no active Cummins engine error codes.
It is important to know that each error code is repeated three times. This is done so that the operator can have time to read and double-check it. Then, if there are multiple errors, the next error code will be shown. To exit the self-diagnosis mode, press the diagnostic key and turn off the ignition.
The service center should be contacted only after the driver understands exactly what active error code is currently present. This will save repair time and money that could have been spent on diagnostics.
Also, without understanding the codes, you should not take any further action to repair the engine. In order to accurately understand the meaning of the code read, you must constantly refer to the Cummins engine data sheet for a detailed description.
What repairs can fix the P0428 code?
To resolve code P0428 you may need to:
- Repair or replace damaged wires and connectors
- Replacing a damaged catalytic converter
- Replacement of other vehicle components in case of serious damage.
Additional comments for troubleshooting P0428
If this error occurs, your vehicle will most likely fail an emissions test, so if you encounter a P0428 code, it is recommended that you have the error diagnosed and repaired by a qualified technician as soon as possible.
Cummins Engine Diagnostic Tools
In addition to the integrated diesel engine self-diagnosis system, you can use various proprietary devices and programs that provide an accurate determination of engine malfunctions.
One such tool is the Cummins Insite diagnostic kit. It contains software that allows you to diagnose Cummins engine management systems.
Detailed descriptions of error codes generated by this equipment, for example, Cummins Insite error 100, can be found in the user manual or on the official Cummins website on the Internet.
This device is designed to work with all Cummins engines that are equipped with on-board diagnostic systems.
The use of advanced technologies in fault diagnosis can significantly reduce equipment repair downtime. Also, Cummins Insite allows you to remove inactive errors from the electronic control system.
This equipment is compatible with Cummins diesel engines manufactured not only in the USA, but throughout the world. It has a very wide functionality, thanks to which it will be very useful not only for individual car owners, but also for companies operating a fleet of cars with a Cummins engine.
4.7. Problems with the trailer control unit
For trucks such as KamAZ, precise control of the trailer is the key to successfully negotiating difficult turns on the road, so this aspect should also not be overlooked if the following codes appear in the fault display:
- 4335 – a violation in the electrical circuit, which led to problems in connection with the trailer control device;
- 4336 – communication failure with the trailer. It is necessary to make sure that there is no break in the power line or short circuit;
- 4337 – PCB malfunction. Malfunction of the trailer control unit due to incorrect pressure regulation.
To prevent such problems from occurring, it is important to monitor the correct operation of the main components and electrical wiring.
What they write on the forums: driver reviews
Sergey Antokhin, 39 years old, Rostov region:
I received the car in mid-2022. New engine, quite economical and reliable. In terms of consumption, this is what I get: empty - 28 liters per hundred square meters, with a load of 10 - 12 tons, it’s impossible to get less than 31 liters. The cabin is quite comfortable, the driver's seat has air shock absorbers, an ergonomic control panel, an ergonomic steering wheel, I even have cruise control. The sleeping bag, of course, does not live up to European standards: long, but very narrow, although soft. With my height of 185 centimeters, the glass seems very small. Another problem - the car is a year and a half old, and rust has already appeared on the body, it’s hard to imagine this on a European. Overall, the vehicle is much better than the old KAMAZ 65117 model, but there is some work to be done.
Photo gallery
KAMAZ with a new Euro 4 engine
Appearance of the “Check” signaling device
External view of the KamAZ instrument panel with ECU ISB CM2150. The arrows show two “Check” buttons, red and yellow.
Complete set of auto scanner "Avtoas-Cargo"
Purpose of the machine
KAMAZ 65117
In addition to chassis, flatbed trucks and truck tractors, the KamAZ concern produces dozens of different specialized vehicles: grain trucks, dump trucks, vehicles with a manipulator, and special military equipment. Most components are produced directly at the concern's factories, but many spare parts and entire units are purchased abroad. For example, most new KAMAZ 65117 vehicles are equipped with a diesel engine from the American company Cummins. As a result, the reliability of the vehicle has increased significantly and the level of diesel fuel consumption has decreased.
Please note that all new engines are equipped with electronic control units, which facilitates diagnostics and troubleshooting.
The installation of a Cummins 6 ISBe 300 engine and a new ZF Friedrichshafen AG gearbox slightly increased the price of the new car. Today, the cost of a new onboard KAMAZ 65117 starts at 3,500,000 rubles. Prices for manipulators, refrigerators, grain trucks "KAMAZ Pike" range from 4.5 to 5.5 million rubles. On the used equipment market you can buy a KAMAZ 65117 truck, manufactured in 2014-2015 with a mileage of up to 200 thousand kilometers, at a price of 2.8 - 3.2 million rubles; you can buy a ten-year-old car for half the price.
Specifications
Dimensions
The model has a 6 by 4 wheel arrangement (Photo), while its length is 10.14 meters, width is 2.43 meters, and height is 2.99 meters.
Load capacity and fuel consumption
The total weight of the loaded vehicle is 24 tons - of which 9,350 kg is the curb weight of the truck, 14,500 kg is the carrying capacity. The maximum speed of the chassis does not exceed 100 km/h, in the onboard version – up to 90 km/h. The KAMAZ 65117 fuel tank capacity is impressive - 500 liters, while the vehicle is driven by a fairly economical engine: average fuel consumption ranges from 27 - 30 liters per 100 kilometers. The car can be used with a trailer, like a road train; due to higher loads, fuel consumption can increase by 2-3 liters per hundred kilometers.
Engine
As we have already mentioned, most KAMAZ 65117 vehicles are equipped with a Cummins 6 ISBe 300 six-cylinder turbocharged engine, 6.7 liters, with a rated power of 281 horsepower. This power plant has an in-line cylinder arrangement, turbocharging and an intercooling system for charge air.
Engine Cummins ISB6.7e5 300
Some KAMAZ 65117 trucks are equipped with an eight-cylinder engine developed by the concern’s designers, which meets Euro-4 environmental standards and has a declared service life of 800,000 kilometers. All engines are equipped with pre-start heaters.
Brakes
In the new version of the car, the braking system has undergone significant changes. Today, each KAMAZ 65117 wheel is equipped with modernized drum brakes with powerful cast calipers and an increased volume of brake chambers. The manufacturer has equipped this truck with an ABS system, which significantly increases vehicle safety. The handbrake has also undergone changes: now its lever is in the direction familiar to all drivers: forwards and backwards.
Transmission and steering
Most KAMAZ 65117 vehicles are equipped with ZF 9S1310 manual gearboxes, supplied by the German gearbox manufacturer ZF Friedrichshafen AG. The new gearbox has significantly increased the cost of the car, but the reliability of the new unit cannot be compared with the previous gearbox. Now we can say that KAMAZ 65117 received a modern, reliable and convenient gearbox. Thanks to the new transmission, the truck's maneuverability has increased, which is especially important when operating it in a modern city.
Tool kit for gearbox ZF 9s1310
The steering of the restyled version is distinguished by its informativeness and low coefficient of effort on the steering wheel. It should also be mentioned that all new trucks are equipped with hydraulic steering.
A more detailed description and full technical characteristics of KAMAZ 65117 can be found in the table:
| Vehicle load capacity, kg | 11575/14500 |
| Gross vehicle weight, kg | 20000/24000 |
| load on rear bogie, kg | 15600/18000 |
| front axle load, kg | 4400/6000 |
| Gross weight of the road train, kg | 34000/38000 |
| Gross trailer weight, kg | 14000 |
| Curb weight, kg | 8425/9425 |
| load on rear bogie, kg | 4950/5450 |
| front axle load, kg | 3475/3975 |
| Engine model | Cummins ISB6.7e5 300 (Euro 5) |
| Max. useful torque, Nm (kgcm) | 1087 (111) |
| at crankshaft rotation speed, rpm | 1300 |
| Maximum net power, kW (hp) | 215 (300) |
| at crankshaft rotation speed, rpm | 2500 |
| Working volume, l | 6,7 |
| Location and number of cylinders | in-line, 6 |
| engine's type | diesel with turbocharging, with intercooling of charge air |
| Gearbox model | ZF 9S1310 |
| Gear ratios | 1-9.48; 2-6.58; 3-4.68; 4-3.48; 5-2.62; 6-1.89; 7-1.35; 8-1.00; 9-0.75; ZH-8.97 |
| Type | mechanical, nine-speed |
| Control | mechanical, remote |
| Number of gearbox gears | 9 |
KAMAZ 65117
Equipment and programs for diagnostics of KamAZ Euro 4
At truck service stations, the AVTOAS-CARGO diagnostic scanner is used to diagnose trucks.
On KamAZ vehicles, using this scanner you can diagnose the following engines:
To connect the scanner with a personal computer, an element such as the “ECU-Link 3” adapter is used.
The software required to work with the AVTOAS-CARGO scanner is included with the scanner on a CD. The program can be downloaded to tablets and smartphones from the official website of the manufacturer.
