The Ural 4320 is a popular truck that is excellent for use on rough terrain and in forestry. This is facilitated by high ground clearance and a powerful engine. This machine is equipped with YaMZ diesel engines. Power can exceed 300 horsepower. The gear shift scheme is competently designed by the manufacturer of this equipment. Approximately 30 liters of fuel are consumed per 100 km. If this indicator has increased, it is necessary to carry out premature diagnostics of the automotive system.
The winch for the Ural-4320 is necessary for self-pulling vehicles or pulling out other vehicles. Maintenance of the winch consists of directly checking and tightening all fasteners.
How does the checkpoint work?
The KPP-141 device, installed on some Ural models, includes the following elements:
- Coupling mechanism. It helps temporarily separate the engine and transmission. This allows you to change gears without reducing the speed of the power unit.
- Driven gears and shafts. The drive, intermediate and secondary shafts are installed here.
- Synchronizer. It ensures silent operation of the mechanism and equalization of gear speeds.
The gears rotate freely when the neutral mode is engaged, at which time all clutches and synchronizers are in the open position. When the driver begins to squeeze the clutch mechanism and shifts the handle to some other gear, a special fork device begins to move the clutch into the engagement position with the corresponding pair at the end of the gear.
The gear mechanism is rigidly fixed to the shaft and stops spinning on it. The clutch in this position facilitates the transmission of rotational motion and traction force.
While the vehicle is moving, the gearbox is activated by the gear shift knob. It moves sliders equipped with forks, which begin to move the synchronizers at the required speed. A color diagram of gear shifting is in the Ural user manual.
Gear ratios of the Ural box:
- first stage - 5.26;
- second stage - 2.90;
- third stage - 1.52;
- fourth stage - 1.00;
- fifth stage - 0.664;
- reverse gear - 5.48.
Ural motorcycle gearbox with reverse speed
How to independently remove, disassemble and assemble the gearbox of a Ural motorcycle.
Over its long life, the gearbox of the Ural motorcycle has undergone several modifications, including the addition of a reverse gear. The use of a secondary shaft in the gearbox made it possible to increase productivity and significantly reduce the size of the box, which is very important for a motorcycle. Repairing and assembling the gearbox of a Ural motorcycle is not very difficult, and this work can be done independently.
Malfunctions and repairs
Basic malfunctions and repairs of the box:
- Extraneous noise in the mechanism. In this case, it is recommended to conduct an external inspection of the system and replace damaged and worn parts.
- The shafts move along the axis. It is necessary to replace the parts that secure the bearing, or replace failed bearings.
- Unstable operation of the gearbox. This problem may be due to wear on the reverse spline shaft bushings. Damaged mechanisms should be replaced.
- The clutch does not engage fully. In this case, it is recommended to conduct an external inspection of the coupling mechanism for damage and defects, check the level of lubricating fluid in the system and replace damaged elements.
- The fork rods are difficult to move. This malfunction can be caused by damage to the locking pins and synchronizers. It is necessary to replace the mechanisms with new ones.
- If the gearbox switches off spontaneously, it is necessary to adjust the gap between the valves, replace worn synchronizer rings, install new springs, and tighten fasteners.
- If the switching is unclear, you need to remove the cover of the locking device and inspect the main components for wear, replace the clutch and gears.
Gearbox repairs are carried out only with the power unit turned off.
How to adjust
The gearbox is adjusted as follows:
- The vehicle is installed on a special platform.
- Using a jack, slightly raise the front part of the car body and fix it in this position.
- On the transmission control rod, loosen the fastening nuts of the clamp bolt. The nut is loosened 4.5 turns.
- Using a screwdriver, expand the grooves at the end of the traction device and the clamp.
- Move the rod to the neutral position.
- Unscrew the special fasteners.
- Remove the gearbox cover from the control handle. The cover is lowered to the very bottom of the case, and the handle itself is placed in a vertical position with the end up.
- Loosen the clamp mechanism.
- Engage reverse gear when the power unit is not working.
- Install the prepared template into the trim window, as well as the reverse locking bracket.
- The stop of the axial mechanism is inserted into the groove of the template and pressed against the system body.
- Set the required gap between the elements. Tighten the fasteners and clamp.
- Start the engine and check the serviceability of the adjusted gearbox.
How much oil to fill
Oil must be added in accordance with the user instructions. For Ural cars, the sufficient oil fluid level is 3.5-4 liters.
Diagram of the URAL 4320 car
The layout of the URAL 4320 vehicle is specially designed for transporting goods, people, and installing various equipment, including special-purpose ones.
Diagram of the URAL 4320 car
The design of the URAL 4320 is based on a one-piece high-strength body with a 4 × 4 or 6 × 6 chassis wheel arrangement, depending on the configuration and installed engine.
Scheme URAL 4320 general device
The suspension diagram of the URAL 4320 car is dependent on springs with shock absorbers of double-sided functioning. The rear suspension on the URAL 4320 scheme is also dependent on springs with reaction bars.
Scheme URAL 4320 - frame and suspension
In the suspension diagram of the Ural-4320 car, all axles are driven, due to which the car has high cross-country ability.
How to remove and disassemble
In order to dismantle and disassemble the gearbox, you must:
- Place the vehicle on a lifting device or inspection pit.
- Remove the batteries, air filter element and mudguards. They are located at the bottom of the engine compartment, in the center and along the edges.
- Remove the front suspension cross member and the front drive wheel drives.
- Drain the transmission fluid from the box.
- Disconnect the wires of the sensor responsible for speed indicators. To do this, you need to pry up the wires with a screwdriver and carefully remove the spring retaining device.
- Remove the vehicle reverse switch.
- Remove the engine harness holder.
- Remove the mounting bolts from the gearbox and the hydraulic clutch release bracket.
- Remove the bolts from the working cylindrical block, clutch housing, amplifier.
- Remove the crankcase.
- Place a support under the dismantled box.
- Disconnect the front and rear supports from the bracket.
- Move the gearbox back and place it on a hard surface.
- Unscrew the fasteners and disassemble.
Operating principle and troubleshooting of the Ural gearbox
Beginners, just learning the basics of driving and controlling a motorcycle, look with admiration at how motorcyclists skillfully and silently change gears on a motorcycle. And they have an irresistible desire to learn the same impeccable technique for driving their vehicles. But they shouldn’t think that it’s so difficult.
Ural gear shift scheme can be different depending on the model of the Ural car. If we look at a car of the Ural brand, or Ural with their modifications, we will see that a YaMZ U gearbox is installed there. It is three-way and has five forward gears and one reverse. The gear drive installed in the box switches first gear and reverse gear.
How to assemble and install
Box assembly procedure:
- compress the bearing;
- insert a chisel into the gap between the end part of the inner bearing ring and the differential box;
- install the bearing and axial mechanism of the satellites;
- insert the support ring into place;
- install drive gears and differential box;
- tighten the fasteners;
- install the synchronizer blocking ring;
- install the sliding clutch and retaining ring of the synchronizing device hub;
- install the driven gear and thrust washer;
- adjust the gap between the front bearing ring and the drive gear.
Installation of the gearbox in the Urals is carried out as follows:
- install a support under the gearbox;
- screw the fasteners to the block of cylindrical elements;
- install the left engine mount using 4 mounting nuts;
- place the rear support and attach it to the body;
- connect the gearbox bracket and the front engine mount;
- install the clutch housing, connect the cables with brackets;
- connect the lever cables and support washers;
- install the exhaust gas neutralizer, replace the cover;
- connect the amplifier to the cylinder block;
- screw the engine harness holder;
- install a retainer, block, spring mechanism;
- connect the front drive wheels, mudguards, air filter and batteries.
Transmission system components
Ural vehicles are valued for their high power characteristics, excellent load capacity, and driving dynamics. The performance indicators of this vehicle are largely influenced by the installed gearbox. This device affects power gain.
The Ural-4320 is equipped with a five-speed gearbox. It has a long service life and can withstand the loads placed on it well. The Ural gearbox housing is attached to the clutch housing. The manual transmission on the Ural car has fixed shaft axles. The upper crankcase cover is equipped with a gear shift mechanism.
Gearbox diagram
The transmission system includes lockable cross-wheel and center differentials. On the truck there is a dependent power take-off box or KZOM.
It should be noted that there is a transfer case on the Ural 4320. It is 2-stage and affects the fuel consumption for each kilometer traveled. This box is securely fixed to the frame with several special rubber pads.
Power take-off box
The Ural transfer box is an additional gearbox. It ensures stable movement of the machine at low speed. The installed Ural power take-off is single-stage. It is necessary to drive auxiliary units.
Gearbox Power Line Gear Shift Mechanism
When to shift gears on a manual transmission: gear shift order and features
Passenger cars are usually equipped with a 4-speed, 5-speed or 6-speed gearbox. On trucks, the number of gearbox gears reaches 12 (due to the use of half stages for more efficient use of internal combustion engine torque under high traction loads).
At the same time, it is the manual transmission that allows you to fully understand the concept of “driving a car.” In order to learn how to drive a manual transmission and professionally drive a car with such a gearbox, you need to understand the circuit diagram of its structure and know the operating principle of its mechanisms.
Engine
Engine type – four-stroke two-cylinder. Brand – M-72M. Cylinder diameter, mm – 78. Piston stroke, mm – 78. Working volume, cm³ – 746. Compression ratio – 5.5 ± 0.2. Maximum power, l. With. – 22. Maximum torque, kg m – 4.0. The block head material is aluminum alloy. Head gasket – asbestos metal 0.6 mm. The piston material is aluminum alloy.
Valve distribution phases (according to the angle of rotation of the crank), degrees: – beginning of intake to c. m.t. – 76; – end of inlet after n. m.t. – 92; – beginning of release BC m.t. – 116; – end of release after c. m.t. – 52.
Carburetor – Two K-37.
Valve adjustment for Ural M-67, IMZ
On this engine the recommended clearance is 0.05mm.
Therefore, you will need a probe with exactly this thickness. It also has slightly different saddles, but this does not affect the adjustment process. The motorcycle should also be tilted before starting work. The process occurs as follows: This is how you can easily and quickly adjust the valves. This work is not difficult, but it will avoid many problems with the engine. Also, with properly adjusted valves, flow is reduced.
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