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27.09.2019

KamAZ-43118 is a fairly recent vehicle. It was produced from 2011 to 2016. At this time, this truck became one of the best-selling models of the Kama Automobile Plant. And in 2022, in general, it became the best-selling truck in Russia.

KamAZ-43118 van version

KamAZ 43118 - technical characteristics

KamAZ-43118 is an all-wheel drive truck with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement. This vehicle, with its high cross-country ability, has become simply irreplaceable in hard-to-reach areas of Russia. Also, having a lifting capacity of 10 tons, the machine became the basis for a large number of various special equipment and, above all, truck cranes.

KamAZ-43118 has the following overall dimensions (in millimeters):

• Length – 8580;
• Width – 2500;
• Height – 3455;
• Ground clearance – 385;
• Wheelbase – 3960+1320.

The vehicle is equipped with a KamAZ-740.30-260 diesel engine that meets Euro-2 environmental standards. This power unit is made according to the V8 formula. It has a displacement of 10.85 liters, is equipped with a turbocharger and develops a power of 260 hp. With.

This power unit allows the car to reach a maximum speed of 90 km/h.

The empty weight of the truck is 10,400 kg. The weight of a fully loaded vehicle can be 20,700 kg.

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Composition of KamAZ electrical equipment

The KamAZ-43118 electrical equipment includes the following systems:

• Electricity supply;
• Light signaling;
• Lighting;
• Instrumentation;
• Heating systems;
• Windshield wipers;
• Sound alarm;
• Launcher.

Each of these systems has its own diagram, which will be given below. And we'll start with the power supply system.

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Power supply system for KamAZ-43118 vehicle

This system, perhaps, can be considered the main one in the car; thanks to this system, the truck is supplied with electricity when the power unit is running. The general diagram of the power supply system is presented below:

In the figure the numbers indicate:

1. generator excitation winding cut-off relay;
2. generator;
3. fuse box;
4. starter relay;
5. starter;
6. rechargeable batteries;
7. mains switch;
8. button for remote battery disconnect switch;
9. heater motor relay;
10. ammeter;
11. fuses 13.3722 (7.5 A);
12. fuse PR310 (10 A);
13. instrument and starter switch;

I. to the EFU thermal relay

Brief explanations of the diagram:

The energy sources for this system are a generator (2) and two batteries connected in series (6). The negative terminal of the batteries, as in all cars, is connected to the housing. But, unlike passenger cars, on KamAZ it is connected through a special ground switch (7), which has a remote control.

Number 1 in the diagram shows a relay for disconnecting the generator excitation winding. This relay must break the circuit when the electric torch device (EFD), which is responsible for starting the engine in the cold season, is operating.

When the engine is running and the ignition is on (the ignition unit is indicated in the diagram as number 13), the circuit leading to the remote battery mass switch button (8) is opened. This is done so that the engine does not spontaneously turn off accidentally or as a result of a malfunction.

Let's look at the light signaling circuit next:

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Warning light circuit diagram

This system controls the rear brakes and turn signals. It serves to notify other road users about the maneuvers the truck is making. The general diagram of this system is shown in the figure below:

The numbers on the diagram indicate:

1. left lamp;
2. right lamp;
3. turn signal and hazard warning relay;
4. fuse PR 119 (6 A);
5. light switch;
6. fuse 13.3722 (7.5 A);
7. fuse PR 310 (10 A);
8. hazard warning light switch;
9. turn signal right
10. left turn indicator;
11. rear left lamp
12. rear right lamp;
13. brake light switch;
14. trailer solenoid valve switch;
15. brake signal relay;
16. sound signal (buzzer);
17. 18, 19 — switches for pressure drop alarms in the brake air drive receivers;

1. parking brake warning switch;
2. relay-interrupter for the parking brake system activation indicator;
3. reverse light switch;
4. reversing light;
5. trailer socket 24 V;
6. center differential lock warning switch;
7. 27, 28 — signaling units;

1. oil filter clogged warning switch;

I. to the instrument and starter switch;

II. to the coolant temperature gauge;

III. to the tachometer;

IV. to the speedometer.

This scheme includes the following subsystems:

• Hazard warning system;
• Brake (stop) indicators;
• Direction indicators
• Indicator lamps for turning on the direction indicators of the vehicle and trailer;
• Center differential lock indicator lamps,
• Parking brake system;
• Drops in air pressure in the pneumatic drive circuits of brake mechanisms;
• Warning lamp blocks,

In addition, the system includes a variety of switches and relays.

Brief explanations of the diagram. Under the number 8 hides the well-known “emergency warning light”. That is, this switch turns on all the direction indicators at once.

The turn signals themselves, in normal mode, are turned on by a combination light switch, marked in the diagram with the number 5. Their intermittent lighting is provided by a special relay (3).

The driver observes the operation of the direction indicators thanks to the signal lamps (26), while the vehicle and the trailer have different signal lamps.

The braking signal to the feet comes from a pneumoelectric sensor (13). The signal from it goes through the intermediate relay (15), and then to the stop lamps. I draw your attention to the fact that the stop circuit is connected via an ammeter, and is not connected by the instrument switch and starter. This is done so that the stop lights light up even when the ignition is turned off.

You need to know that the brake alarm turns on even when the parking brake is applied - the handbrake. The sensor marked on the diagram with the number 20 is responsible for turning on the stops when the handbrake is turned on. When the parking brake is applied, the stops light up intermittently. This operation is ensured by a relay-interrupter (21).

Warning lamps

External and internal lighting system KamAZ-43118

In addition to external lighting, this system is also responsible for lighting inside the vehicle’s cabin. It includes the following devices:

• headlights;
• fog lights;
• front lights;
• rear lights;
• engine compartment lamp;
• lamp for lighting the glove compartment and bed;
• instrument lighting lamp;
• cabin lighting lamp;
• portable lamp.

It has the following scheme:

1. right fog lamp
2. left fog lamp;
3. right headlight
4. glove box lamp;
5. lamp switch;
6. road train lights;
7. road train light switch;
8. heater motor relay;
9. left cockpit light;
10. right cockpit light;
11. left headlight;
12. fog light switch;
13. brake signal relay;
14. trailer solenoid valve switch;
15. rear right lamp
16. rear left lamp;
17. front right lamp
18. front left lamp;
19. combination light switch;
20. fuse 13.3722 (7.5 A);
21. fuse PR 310 (10 A);
22. instrument lighting switch;
23. engine compartment lamp;
24. hazard warning light switch;
25. portable lamp socket;
26. seven-pin socket;
27. oil pressure indicator;
28. fuel level indicator;
29. speedometer;
30. tachometer;
31. coolant temperature gauge;
32. ammeter;
33. pressure gauge;

I. to the instrument and starter switch

All devices, except for the glove compartment light, are connected using a single-wire circuit. As for the glove box lighting lamp, its negative contact is connected to the fuse block.

As for the low and high beams (numbers 3,11), dimensions, fog lights (1,2), they are turned on and off by a combination switch (19) connected through an ammeter.

To protect low beam headlights, as well as fog lights, from short circuits, they are powered through PR310 thermobimetallic fuses. High beams have their own fuses.

The size circuits and instrument lighting lamps are also protected from short circuits by thermobimetallic fuses of type 13.3722.

Instrumentation system

As you might guess from the name, this system is designed to service various instrumentation, indicators and sensors. Instruments are located on the dashboard of the car, and sensors are located in its various components and mechanisms.

The electrical diagram of this system is as follows:

The numbers on the diagram indicate:

1. fuel level indicator;
2. fuel level sensor;
3. fuse 13.3722 (7.5 A);
4. coolant temperature indicator sensor;
5. coolant overheat sensor;
6. emergency oil pressure sensor;
7. oil pressure indicator sensor;
8. oil pressure indicator;
9. 11 — blocks of warning lamps;
10. coolant temperature gauge;
11. generator;
12. tachometer;
13. speedometer;
14. speedometer sensor;

I. to the instrument and starter switch

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Electrical diagram of the heating system, sound alarm and windshield wiper systems

This system is responsible for the operation of the heating system of the car, or in common parlance, the stove. In addition, it is responsible for powering the wipers and sound signal. This system has the following electrical diagram:

1. heater electric motor;
2. heater motor switch;
3. wiper;
4. heater motor relay;
5. fuse 13.3722 (7.5 A);
6. fuse PR 310 (10 A);
7. windshield washer switch;
8. windshield washer,
9. wiper switch;
10. combination light switch;
11. sound signal (buzzer);
12. tonal signals;
13. horn relay;

I. to terminal AM of the instrument switch and starter;

II. to the short circuit terminal of the instrument switch and starter;

III. to the brake signal relay;

IV. to the signaling unit.