NefAZ 5299 is a popular city bus model from Neftekamsk Bus Plant

Bus NefAZ-52994. Photo Wikipedia

NefAZ PJSC is an automobile manufacturing company that is part of the KAMAZ PJSC group of enterprises and is the largest Russian manufacturer of special superstructures on the KAMAZ vehicle chassis. Since December 2000, the plant has also produced buses. The company's model line includes a fairly significant selection of passenger transport, mainly modifications of several models. This review presents and discusses the most popular city buses.

NefAZ-3299, 3299-10 and other modifications

A small class bus, which in the future can be used on small commercial routes instead of PAZs and GAZelles. Designed in two versions: urban and intercity. After the production of about 40 small buses, their production was suspended.

Detailed description, device

The bus is based on the KamAZ-4307 chassis . It is equipped with a 4-cylinder Cummins turbocharged diesel engine of Brazilian assembly with a power of 140 hp, a manual 5-speed ZF gearbox with cable shift drive and RBL steering (Germany). The presence of disc brakes on all wheels. Spring suspension.

The body is 7.5 m long, with only one door leading into the cabin for passengers (on the right) and the driver’s (on the left). To enter the salon you need to climb two steps.

The front and rear parts of the body do not have any opening panels , but the side body panels on both sides can be easily opened. Below them is a spare wheel on the right rear, on the right in front there is access to the air filter, on the left rear there is a large tool box for the driver (although it is very large for this), on the left in the center there is access to the fuel tank.

Access to the engine, which is located in front, is possible from above through a hatch located next to the driver’s workplace. Its cover is very inconvenient to remove: you need to unscrew four regular screws. It must also be removed in order to gain access to the oil dipstick. Access to the engine from above is very difficult; with the lid open, there is nowhere to put your hand, it’s very cramped. Access from below is much better.

Entry to the driver's workplace is not entirely convenient. The fact is that you need to stand on the footrest with your left foot, and the handrail is located only on the right side. The driver's seat is rigidly fixed to the floor and has no shock absorption. The steering column is practically unadjustable. Visibility of the instrument cluster is normal , nothing is blocked by the rim and spokes of the steering wheel.

The clutch pedal is very light and conveniently located. The fuel pedal is positioned normally, the pressing force is optimally selected.

The gear shift lever is located somewhat poorly . The first gear is engaged by moving the lever to the right and back, the force of its inclusion is quite large. But the bus starts only in first gear, and since it is a city bus, the driver changes gears approximately 2 thousand times per shift.

The starting process does not cause any difficulties, the clutch engages softly, smoothly, without jerking. Gears (except the first!) are shifted easily (the clutch is adjusted normally).

The disc brakes on this bus are amazing. There is almost no characteristic lag when pressing the brake pedal; deceleration is convenient to control by changing the force of pressing the brake pedal. You begin to think that it is hydraulic!, and not a pneumatic brake drive. No attempts to pull to the side when braking.

There are no complaints about the steering. The gear ratio is optimally selected. When the bus is stationary and the engine is idling, the force on the steering wheel is small; you can freely, without tension, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Sensitivity in the near-zero zone is acceptable.

There were several modifications of the basic model, for example, the 3299-10-01 and 3299-10-02, , were designed for intercity travel.

Basic information, characteristics

• Class. Small.
• Body type. The body is a welded structure made of rectangular steel pipes, lined with galvanized steel sheet, parts of the front and rear masks are made of fiberglass.
• Electrical equipment. Rated voltage 24V, two 6ST-190 batteries, generator power 2 kW.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH). 7500x2500x3080.
• Number and dimensions of doors. 1 folding double-leaf.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 40, including landing 23+1.
• Type of seats. Separate, semi-soft with a handrail.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 5200 and 8000.
• Load on front/rear axle based on technically permissible weight, kg. 3000/5000.
• Minimum turning radius, m. 8,5.
• Steering gear. Integral type hydraulic booster, mod. C 300 (Germany).
• Brake system. Working – dual-circuit pneumatic, ABS. Parking – rear brakes driven by spring energy accumulators. Spare – the spare function is performed by the circuits of the service brake system. Auxiliary – engine brake-retarder. Working mechanisms are disk on all wheels.

Chassis characteristics

• Brand. KamAZ.
• Wheel formula. 4x2.
• Wheelbase, mm. 3820.
• Clutch type. Friction, dry, single-disc, drive – hydraulic with pneumatic booster.
• Tires. Tubeless, 215/75R17.5.
• Anti-lock braking system (ABS). Present.

additional characteristics

• Ventilation. Natural, supply and exhaust through roof hatches and side window vents.
• Heating system. From the engine cooling system and independent heater.

Engine/powertrain characteristics

• Model. Cummins B3.9.
• Type. Diesel with turbocharging and intercooling of charge air.
• Number and arrangement of cylinders. 4R.
• Environmental safety standards. Euro-2.
• Working volume, l. 3,9.
• Engine power, kW (hp)/min. 100 (136) at 2700.
• Maximum torque, Nm/min. 502 at 1500.
• Engine location. Anterior longitudinal.
• Checkpoint. ZF 5S 42, mechanical, five-speed synchronized.
• Front-rear axle suspension. Dependent, on leaf springs, with anti-roll bar.
• Control fuel consumption at 60 km/h, l/100 km. 19.
• Maximum speed, km/h. 100.

Prices

The bus costs a decent amount, however, it is a low price compared to its competitors. A new car will cost approximately 6,500,000 rubles.

To purchase a used car, you will have to pay at least 1,000,000 rubles. This is due to power and reliability, plus a quick payback.

In order to transport passengers from one city to another, the NefAZ-5299-01 model is used. The designers made original decisions when creating the modification. The beautiful design of the car is also impressive. The bus warranty is one year (30 thousand km). All KAMAZ service centers throughout Russia repair the model free of charge if repairs are required within the warranty period.

NefAZ-4299-30-52

Among the premieres of the COMTRANS`2019 exhibition, the low-floor mid-ranger NEFAZ-4299 could have received a prize as the most modest debutant. He literally got lost in a row of 12-meter-tall relatives. The lack of hype and clear informational context added to the intrigue.

History of creation, description and device

KAMAZ experimented in the middle and small classes more than once, but fortune did not favor its projects. The suburban-urban NEFAZ-3299, which appeared in 2003 never went into large production , even despite the favorable attitude of the government of Bashkortostan, which ordered a batch of these vehicles for Ufa. Its design did not imply a low floor level, which is so important today for participation in government procurement.

Bus NefAZ-4299-30-52. Photo NefAZ

The plant made its next attempt to enter the midibus class in 2007, when it introduced the 7-meter vanbus VDL-NEFAZ-32997 Procity . However, the project did not go beyond the prototype due to the high cost.

The city mini-electric bus KAMAZ-2257E , representing Otokar Centro (Turkey), was more of a concept, but it at least identified one of the promising vectors of development. The embodiment was found in the form of large-class electric buses KAMAZ-6282, and later NEFAZ-5299. The promising Russian-Brazilian project KAMAZ-3297KM with a Marcopolo body for 50 passengers in 2014 was not a revelation. Even then, many competitors with a frame structure appeared on the market: PAZ-225620 Vector 3, PAZ-3203, Volgabus 429801 “Rhythmix”, Hyundai County and Chinese models.

Engineers, trying to create a “cropped” 9-meter version of a low-floor city bus by reworking (shortening) the truss of a 12-meter vehicle without fundamentally changing the design of the main components and assemblies, always risk stepping on an old rake. Unsprung masses (bulky wheels, massive chassis) and an overly powerful engine negate the advantages of a medium-capacity bus. In Neftekamsk, realizing this, they took a different route and actually developed a machine with a new component base.

The prerequisite for the appearance of the new product was Russia’s accession to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2008. In 2012, when the process was given legal force in the form of ratification, a passport of the state program of the Russian Federation “Accessible Environment” was issued. One of the key participants in the program is the Russian Ministry of Transport. In 2011, out of 33 million federal rubles, 17 million rubles were allocated to him. Subprogram 1 “Ensuring conditions for accessibility of priority facilities and services in priority areas of life for people with disabilities and other low-mobility groups” includes not only transport (buses, trams, passenger trains), but also station and road infrastructure. This can be considered the start of the introduction of new buses, electric buses and trams.

The city semi-low-floor diesel bus NEFAZ-4299-30-52 can be an excellent solution for routes with low passenger traffic (capacity 72 people). Moreover, the bus fully complies with the “Accessible Environment” program of the fifth environmental class, is equipped with an automatic gearbox, and the entry of a wheelchair, unlike high-floor buses of the PAZ “Vector 3” type, does not require complex manipulations with a hydraulic lift.

Interior of the NefAZ-4299-30-52 bus. Photo NefAZ

Driver's workplace. On the driver’s right hand is a tablet for displaying information from cameras; on the ceiling above his head hangs a unit with a CB radio station, a multimedia system head unit, an air conditioning control panel and a tachograph. To the right of the driver is a monitor that broadcasts images from 11 cameras located in the cabin and around the perimeter of the body.

The completely virtual color instrument cluster has been replaced by a palliative: a central LCD display with indicator lamps and electric dials with dials for a tachometer, speedometer, temperature and fuel tank indicator.

The panoramic windshield slopes steeply to starboard, providing better visibility and safety when approaching pockets. Such solutions are already widely used, but for a long time they did not find understanding among domestic bus manufacturers.

Newbie in full compliance. The 9-meter “baby” from Neftekamsk has a completely mature design: independent air front suspension ZF RL55EC, which does not steal the height of the cabin floor in the front part, disc brakes on all axles and a power unit in the rear overhang.

The body assembly is carried out according to the generally accepted canons of the world bus industry : the skeleton of a prefabricated welded frame is welded to the elements of the base of the electric arc floor. Then transmission units and pneumatic drives are attached to it, internal and external cladding and panels are mounted, and finally double-glazed windows are glued in. The internal cavities of the frame pipes are treated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the ends of the pipes are plugged with polymer plugs. The bottom and cavities of the arches are treated with anti-corrosion mastic. Thus, the estimated resource should be at least 10 years.

Front door 650 mm wide. quite convenient for not too intense passenger traffic. The seats in the front part of the cabin are pressed directly against the partition of the driver's cabin - this is how they tried to make the most efficient use of space. The distance between the seats allows you to get quite comfortable for short city trips.

The base of the bus has a wide doorway (1245 mm). Opposite there is a spacious storage area, space for a wheelchair and a ramp for entry.

The rear part of the passenger compartment goes up in steps, since the KAMAZ-4297 drive axle is not a portal type. But the traditional design serves more reliably on bad roads. The layout of the cabin in the rear made it possible to accommodate 17 seats. Moreover, in the rear part of the cabin, all seats are located in the direction of travel.

Rear part of the NefAZ-4299-30-52 bus. Photo NefAZ

Engine. The Cummins ISBe4.5e5 185B turbodiesel – an in-line 4.5-liter “four” – is easy to maintain and quite durable. Power setting 185 hp for a compact city car it seems sufficient, except that this is achieved already at 2100–2300 crankshaft revolutions. The maximum torque of 700 Nm remains in the range of 1200–1500 rpm, when the developed power only increases from 120 to 149 hp. Therefore the parity is 180 hp. you need to look in the green zone of the tachometer at a value of 1800–2000 rpm.

Since the environmental class is fifth , there was a “tank with a blue lid”. The AdBlue container is located on the right, right in the rear overhang near the fire extinguisher.

The engine is coupled with a quiet and popular 6-speed automatic transmission Allison T270R , which is specially designed for passenger transport and is actively used by various manufacturers; it is also found on Mercedes-Benz buses. This automatic transmission model is designed for engines with power up to 240 hp. (179 kW) and maximum torque up to 900 Nm.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH).
• Number and dimensions of doors. 2/650 and 1245.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 72, including 25 landing ones.
• Guarantee. 24 months or 150 thousand km mileage.
• Basic equipment includes: panoramic windshield, full glazed doors, electronic route indicator, ramp, convector heating, ECAS with docking function, EBS, ASR with directional stability ESP, prohibition of movement with open doors.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Fuel tank capacity, l. 210.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 8100 and 13000.
• Steering gear. With hydraulic booster.
• Brake system. Pneumatic, ABS, ESR, ESP, disc on all wheels.

Chassis characteristics

• Brand. KamAZ.
• Wheel formula. 4x2.
• Ground clearance/ground clearance, mm. At least 170.
• Tires. 285/70R19.5.
• Anti-lock braking system (ABS). Present.

Engine/powertrain characteristics

• Model. Cummins ISBе 4.5e5185B.
• Type. Diesel.
• Number and arrangement of cylinders. 4, in-line.
• Environmental safety standards. Euro-5.
• Working volume, l. 4,5.
• Engine power, kW (hp)/min. 100 (136).
• Maximum torque, Nm/min. 700.
• Engine location. Rear.
• Checkpoint. Automatic Allison.
• Front-rear axle suspension. Independent, pneumatic-dependent, pneumatic.
• Maximum speed, km/h. 80.

Video

Repair

The main reason for expensive car repairs is expensive parts and lack of customer service knowledge of how to repair a breakdown. There are practically no problems with the brand. Most service centers have already encountered repairs to the unit, so problems should not arise.

Thanks to the high degree of unification, the cost of assembly has significantly decreased and the price of car repairs has dropped. Since most spare parts are produced by the KamAZ manufacturer, spare parts can be purchased from dealers.

NefAZ-5299, low-floor 52994 and other urban modifications

NefAZ-5299 is a Russian large-class bus produced by the Neftekamsk Automobile Plant. Produced in high-floor (since 2000), partially low-floor (since 2004), completely low-floor (since 2011) versions of city, suburban and intercity buses with diesel and gas engines, as well as in the form of a trolleybus (since 2008) and an electric bus (since 2012); has undergone three significant design restylings (in 2005, 2013 and 2022). It is one of the most popular models of city bus in modern Russia.

History of creation

In the early 1990s, the Kama Automobile Plant put forward the idea of ​​producing and selling buses on the KamAZ chassis. In 1993, JSC KamAZavtobusprom was created . The fruit of the work of this enterprise was a prototype of the KAMAZ-5262 city bus . However, plans for the production of this model were crossed out by a fire at the KamAZ engine plant that occurred on April 14, 1993. Nevertheless, KamAZ did not stop searching for options for producing buses on its own chassis.

Bus NefAZ-52994. Photo Wikipedia

In May 1997, the car plant signed a cooperation agreement with the Slovenian company Avtomontaza . The signed agreement provided for the creation in Naberezhnye Chelny of production facilities for the production of KamAZ-5297 buses. At the same time, the Chelny Bus Plant CJSC (ChelAZ) . The new plant developed, patented and certified the ChelAZ-5281 6-door city bus. In 1999, ChelAZ planned to assemble 200 buses. The planned design capacity of the plant was 2,000 buses per year. ChelAZ was supposed to reach this production volume by 2000. However, the economic crisis that occurred in 1998 did not allow these projects to come to fruition.

However, several years later, the work done became the basis for the implementation of a new project - the production and sale of NefAZ-5299 buses at a KamAZ subsidiary - the Neftekamsk Automobile Plant. Engineers at the Neftekamsk Automobile Plant located in Bashkortostan began working on a family of large-class buses in August 2000. The company, which began its work in 1977 with the production of dump trucks, by that time already had experience in the production of passenger vehicles: the so-called “shift trucks” - glass van bodies equipped with seats, placed on the frames of all-wheel drive trucks. And at the end of the 1990s, a project appeared to assemble Turkish Mercedes buses of the O325 series. But even then it was understood that it was more promising to acquire our own family of buses : inexpensive, unpretentious, repairable - maximally adapted for operation in specific Russian conditions. A special bus chassis developed in 1997 at KamAZ (“KAMAZ-5297”) was chosen as the basis for them. The production of a prototype of the NefAZ-5299 bus began directly on September 9, 2000.

Modifications

The NefAZ-5299 brand represents a whole family of high-capacity buses. There are urban, suburban and intercity modifications of these buses, with different passenger compartment arrangements, floor heights, engine types, gearboxes, and more.

5299-10-хх (high-field). Historically, the first model of the plant, mass production of which began in 2000. It is a classic rear-engine, high-floor city bus with an all-metal frame body and three doors. The designers of the plant did not follow the dominant trend at that time, to simplify the design, to make the rear door narrower, or even single-leaf - all doorways received the same width of 1200 mm. A KamAZ diesel engine with a KamAZ gearbox was installed in the engine compartment of the NefAZ-5299. Most of the appearance of the first buses was similar to MAZ-104 buses. Since 2004, buses with an updated design have been produced.

5299-30-хх (semi-low-floor). Basic urban semi-low-floor model of the plant, produced since 2007. KAMAZ or Cummins engines are installed in the bus, and since 2010, gas-powered buses powered by methane have been produced. Voith Diwa automatic transmission is installed.

The buses are equipped with a spacious interior with three double-leaf side passenger doors. The cabin has 115 seats for passengers, 25 of which are for sitting, a wheelchair can be accommodated, and the middle doorway is equipped with a ramp. The cabin has three electrically operated overhead hatches and five vents, and two storage areas are equipped in the middle and rear parts of the cabin. The driver's cabin is separated from the passenger compartment by a partition with a window; upon request, a door is installed in it.

Bus NefAZ-5299-30-32 design 2012. Photo Wikipedia

Since 2010, buses with updated interiors from Naberezhnye Chelny, similar to LiAZ-5292 buses, have also been produced; The front door opens completely into the salon. The basic appearance design was slightly changed in 2012 (window line), and more serious restyling was carried out in 2013 (front and rear masks, interior) and in 2022 (the appearance of the body was completely changed).

52994-xx (low-floor). A completely low-floor city bus: entrance to all three doors of the bus is without steps. The middle door is moved back compared to the base model. The bus was first presented at the Moscow International Exhibition “Comtrans-2011”. The modification is designed to carry 96 passengers and is equipped with 24 seats. The model includes: a retractable ramp in the middle door opening, a platform for a wheelchair with a support panel and 4 soft seats for the disabled. The bus is equipped with an ECAS system (electronic control of air suspension), a GLONASS navigation system, as well as a device for monitoring the driver’s work and rest schedule. Air conditioning is installed in the bus interior and driver's cabin. Since 2011, NefAZ-52994 buses have been supplied to St. Petersburg.

5299-11-хх (suburban).

5299-17-хх and 5299-37-хх (long-distance).

Reference. Of all the urban modifications of NefAZ-5299, the NefAZ-52994 bus is of greatest interest, so its characteristics are presented below.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH). 11990x2500x3185.
• Ceiling height in the cabin, mm. 2545.
• Number and dimensions of doors. 3 double doors, 1200 mm wide, open inwards.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 96, including 24+1 boarding.
• Type of seats. Separate semi-soft with handrail.
• Body type. Frame, all-metal, load-bearing, three-door, carriage type, with thermal insulation.
• Window. Double-glazed windows; the side is made of tempered tinted glass, and the wind and rear are made of triplex.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 11350 or 11440 and 18000.
• Load on front/rear axle based on technically permissible weight, kg. 6420/11580.

Chassis characteristics

• Brand. KamAZ.
• Wheel formula. 4x2.
• Wheelbase, mm. 5840.
• Ground clearance/ground clearance, mm. 360.

additional characteristics

• Ventilation. Combined, through vents and roof hatches. There are three roof hatches, ventilation hatches that open from the inside and outside.
• Heating system. The main one from an autonomous liquid heater and the emergency one with the connection of the liquid engine cooling system to the main heating system.

Salon

The cabin is heated thanks to an autonomous gas heater. The emergency system operates as follows: the liquid system that cools the engine is directed to the main heating system.

Doors on the bus can only be opened inwards. The doors can be controlled using electro-pneumatic elements. The car is equipped with a rear, side (tempered), and windshield (triplex). Sitting inside the cabin, and even while outside, you can open the emergency ventilation hatch. The front hatch is equipped with a remote electric drive.

The interior of the NefAZ 5299 includes the ability to use radio equipment (intercoms, car radios).

The bus has several useful features: a ramp and a platform for one person in a wheelchair, an ECAS system (adjusts the floor level), as well as various configurations for transporting people with limited mobility.

At the request of drivers, electronic route indicators, navigation systems and air conditioning can be built into the model.

Articulated/accordion VDL-NefAZ-52995

The Neftekamsk Automobile Plant, together with the Dutch corporation VDL, created tourist-class and low-floor city buses with various chassis lengths. VDL Nefaz buses are equipped with DAF engines that meet Euro-3 environmental standards .

VDL-Nefaz buses first appeared on domestic roads in 2007. The result of collaboration with the Dutch company was the following bus models: 52995, 52996, 52997 and 52998. The VDL-NefAZ-52995 is a low-floor articulated transport of a large class. The high-class international bus is VDL-NefAZ-52996 . NefAZ-52997, is a partially low-floor single urban bus . NefAZ-52998 , which is a partially low-floor city bus. The title of the best tourist bus was won by VDL-Nefaz-52999 at an exhibition at the Moscow Motor Show in 2006.

The chassis, interior parts and electrical equipment for VDL-NefAZ buses are supplied by the Dutch company . The body is completely manufactured at the Neftekamsk plant. The buses are equipped with DAF diesel engines and Ecomat 2 automatic transmissions . The door controls on the bus are electro-pneumatic.

Despite the extensive list of advantages: economical fuel consumption, high level of comfort and magnificent appearance, the buses never went into mass production. But we will still consider the characteristics of the VDL-NefAZ-52995 model.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH). 18495x2550x3230.
• Number and type of doors. Three double doors.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 146, including landing 55+1.
• Type of seats. separate, semi-soft with handrail.
• Body type. Carriage type, frame, closed, articulated.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 16500 and 26500.
• Brakes. Disk.

Chassis characteristics

• Main bridge. ZF.
• Wheel formula. 6x2.
• Wheelbase, mm. 5800+7850.
• Tires. 275/70 R22.5.

additional characteristics

• Ventilation. Through the vents, three AVLs, 4 turbofans.
• Heating system. Present, convector.

Engine/powertrain characteristics

• Model. DAF PR 228S1.
• Type. Diesel.
• Number and arrangement of cylinders. 6, in-line.
• Working volume, l. 9,2.
• Engine power, kW (hp)/min. 169,9 (231).
• Maximum torque, Nm/min. 1275.
• Checkpoint. Voith 864.5.
• Suspension. Dependent (drive axle) and independent (front and rear axles) pneumatic with electronic control, 2-4 elastic elements with 2-4 hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers and with body position regulators.

Specifications

Several types of internal combustion engines are installed on the car. This is due to different modifications and fuel systems.

Engine

The Cummins 6ISBe270B engine runs on diesel fuel. The power of the unit is 270 horsepower, the volume is 6.7 liters. The engine consumes 24 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers. There are modifications of the car whose engine runs on natural gas. This is one of the cleanest engines with such power and performance characteristics.

The Yuchai YC6G260N-50 engine has 6 cylinders. Engine power – 247 horsepower.

Suspension

The front suspension is dependent and pneumatic. The front suspension has two shock absorbers, which can also allow you to adjust the position of the body.

The rear suspension of NefAZ 5299 is dependent and pneumatic. It is equipped with four shock absorbers, which significantly soften the ride, making it more enjoyable. The body is regulated by two regulators.

Brakes

The brakes are equipped with a WABCO pneumatic ABS system. This is a German company that is distinguished by quality. The brake system mechanism is expansion, cam type.

Basic technical characteristics of the model

NefAZ-5299 is a whole series of buses produced for urban, suburban and intercity passenger transportation. For all these purposes, the plant produces appropriate modifications. The basis for the production of the basic model of buses was the serially produced KamAZ platforms.

City bus NefAZ-5299 with a high level of passive and active safety

The designers decided to use the chassis of KamAZ trucks, proven by successful operation and multiple tests, which allows them to overcome various obstacles on the road. The chassis has high performance characteristics, having a large margin of safety. All bus equipment meets international technical standards.

This model is used for mass passenger transportation around the city, so the bus is subject to high requirements for safety and compliance with environmental standards. The model has a high level of passive and active safety. Modifications that run on methane comply with environmental safety standards Euro 3, Euro 4 and Euro 5.

Technical characteristics of the base model