Truck crane: cargo and technical characteristics (load height, lifting capacity)

What technical characteristics should be used to choose a truck crane for certain jobs? Special equipment has many different cargo and cargo-height characteristics. We will talk about the main indicators, in particular, load capacity, tonnage and boom radius, later in the article.

A truck crane is a symbiosis of a vehicle chassis and a lifting device, combined into a single mechanism. Thanks to this, the crane performs a wide range of actions: from lifting cargo to moving it over long distances. There are many different technical characteristics of a truck crane. Some of them relate to the automobile chassis (or self-propelled platform), and the other part - for example, the lifting characteristics of a truck crane - directly characterize the ability to lift and lower objects.

Load-height characteristics of a truck crane

The load-height characteristics of truck cranes include the parameters of crane equipment, namely:

1. load capacity;
2. boom length;
3. arrow departure.

One of the key technical characteristics of a truck crane is its lifting capacity. According to this parameter, cranes are divided into the following categories:

• Small-tonnage: 4 tons (such modifications are obsolete and are not currently produced, although they remain in service);
• 6.3 - 8 tons (truck cranes with such a lifting capacity are used for minor repair and road work, handling materials, pipes, etc.);

The main lifting characteristics of truck cranes include boom radius. The reach length is related to the work area, which is determined by the projection onto the ground at the moment the boom extends. It should be noted that such technical characteristics of a truck crane as lifting capacity and boom length are not directly related to each other. Although, of course, as the load capacity increases, the length also increases.

Load height chart for 25t truck crane

If averaged, the correlation of the load-height characteristics of truck cranes is as follows:

To increase the lifting characteristics of truck cranes, manufacturers use special lattice superstructures - they add an additional few meters to the boom.

In addition to length, boom outreach time is an important lifting characteristics of truck cranes. The smaller it is, the faster it will be possible to perform cargo operations on the crane.

There are truck cranes with a fixed boom length - for example, lattice cranes. The boom of such cranes can only be extended using special add-ons. Much more practical are cranes with telescopic booms - they can have from two to five sections that extend and retract using hydraulic cylinders.

Other load-height characteristics of truck cranes include:

• Swing speed (angular speed of rotation of the rotating part of the crane);
• Load lifting speed;
• Lifting height limit;
• Cargo landing speed;
• Hook lowering depth.

Arrow length and reach: what's the difference?

If we analyze the load-height characteristics of truck cranes, then it should be noted that the length of the boom and its reach are different concepts. The boom length refers to the distance between the centers of attachment of the crane device and the hook. The boom radius is the projection between the axis of the crane device attachment and the center of the load. Thus, the length of the arrow will always be greater than or equal to its reach. It is the reach of the boom that determines the working radius of the truck crane.

The difference between the boom length of a truck crane and the reach

When specifying the technical and lifting characteristics of truck cranes, the concepts of length and reach are often confused. But in the documentation it is the length of the boom that is indicated, since it is constant for a specific crane model, while the reach is a variable value and changes during operation.

The shorter the boom reach, the higher the crane's lifting capacity. The maximum lifting capacity of a truck crane is indicated for the minimum boom radius. The exact lifting and height specifications should be looked at in the diagram for a specific truck crane model.

Load-height characteristics of a 16-ton truck crane

Diagram of load-height characteristics of the Ivanovets 16-ton truck crane

Load-height characteristics of a 25-ton truck crane

Diagram of load-height characteristics of the Ivanovets 25-ton truck crane

Load-height characteristics of a 50-ton truck crane

Diagram of load-height characteristics of the Ivanovets 50-ton truck crane

Truck crane KS-65713-1 “Galichanin” Kamaz-65201

Automotive jib crane KS-65713-1 “Galichanin”

with a lifting capacity of 50 tons, it is mounted on a four-axle
KamAZ-65201 chassis
with an 8 x 4 wheel arrangement. The truck crane is designed to perform loading and unloading, installation and construction work at dispersed sites and can be used both in modern cities and in conditions remote from populated areas.
The drive of the KS-65713-1 “Galichanin” crane installation
is carried out using axial piston hydraulic pumps.
The crane mechanisms have an individual drive with independent control from hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic system of the crane installation ensures smooth control of all mechanisms with a wide range of speed control for working operations. It is possible to simultaneously combine up to three work operations. A four-section telescopic boom with a length of 11.5 - 34.1 m
in the retracted position provides the crane with compactness and maneuverability when moving, and in the fully extended position it provides a wide working area and a large height for moving the load during operation.
Boom sections and other critical components of the crane installation and support frame are made using high-strength steels. The ability to telescope a boom with a load on a hook allows the crane to perform special tasks: installing loads in hard-to-reach places, carrying them among mounted structures. For the convenience of working in cramped conditions, a mode for working with loads is provided with the installation of the crane on supports with the outrigger beams retracted. The maximum size of the support contour (7 x 7 m!!!) is achieved through the use of outrigger structures with folding support beams. Thanks to this solution, the crane is able to carry out work with loads in a 360-degree circular zone and, as a result, the number of rearrangements when working on site is minimized. Additional equipment of the boom with a telescopic lattice jib with a total length of 15.1 m
(9.1 m - the stationary part and a telescopic part with a length of 6.0 m) with the possibility of installation at an angle of 0 and 30 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the boom expands the scope of use of the crane, its area service areas and the size of the sub-boom space.
of additional removable counterweights with a total weight of 6.0 tons
during operation makes it possible to significantly increase the load characteristics of the crane at medium and long ranges, which provides the best performance among similar cranes of this size group.
Installation of jib and additional counterweights into the working position is carried out without the use of additional lifting equipment and human resources. The gearboxes of the mechanisms for lifting loads and turning the crane are planetary type with disc brakes, which meets modern requirements for load-lifting machines. Many components of the crane are equipped with imported components that do not require replacement or repair during the entire service life of the crane. An autonomous diesel heater is used to heat the crane operator's cabin. The safe operation of the KS-65713-1 “Galichanin” crane
is ensured by a complex of instruments and devices, including
a microprocessor load limiter
, the indicators of which are reflected on the display in the driver’s cabin.
The device automatically protects the crane from overload and capsizing, is equipped with a crane coordinate protection system necessary for working in cramped conditions, has a built-in telemetric memory unit
(“black box”) and
a crane protection module from dangerous voltage
(MZON) for working near power lines.

Truck crane load characteristics

The cargo technical characteristics of the truck crane include the parameters of the vehicle chassis:

• Number and power of engines;
• Operating weight of the crane;
• Number of chassis axles.

Interesting: The largest truck crane in the world, Zoomlion, capable of lifting loads up to 2000 tons, is installed on a 12-axle chassis with four engines.

Most often, domestic crane installations of the KS type and others are mounted on MAZ, KamAZ, Ural, ZIL, KrAZ truck chassis.

Previously, we wrote about what brands of truck cranes exist.

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It is possible to use a different chassis for the specified crane model.