Shakhman dump truck, models and characteristics of shacman trucks

Dump trucks are positioned as self-propelled vehicles that are capable of unloading transported materials without the use of additional equipment. This becomes possible thanks to the design features of the vehicle platform. Due to the special arrangement of individual frame elements, we can talk about good maneuverability and a high level of cross-country ability.

About the automaker Shaanxi

In total, the list of factories included in the Shaanxi group includes ten large enterprises for the production of trucks, components, assemblies and components for them. All these factories are located in Shaanxi Province. For example, the Shaanxi HanDe Axle company produces axles for heavy dump trucks and trucks, which are also installed on Dongfeng dump trucks. Shaanxi HuaHeng Radiator produces cooling system radiators designed for heavy truck engines. Shaanxi Fast Auto Drive Group Company specializes in mechanical gearboxes for heavy trucks.

The company's production program includes a full range of truck tractors and universal chassis for transporting heavy loads and special equipment. This includes modern, high-performance dump trucks, which since 2018 have been produced with diesel engines that meet the Euro-5 environmental class. Under the Shacman brand, Shaanxi produces universal construction dump trucks with 6×4, 6×6, 8×4 wheel arrangements.

Shaanxi traces its history back to 1968, when under this name a large production base was opened for the production, repair and maintenance of heavy trucks for the Chinese armed forces. Since 1978, the company began producing cars and trucks for civilian household needs. They had a carrying capacity of 12 tons.

The automaker has been operating in its current form since 2002. From the very beginning of the development of the new technology park in Shaanxi, a course was set to use the day-to-day experience of world leaders in the automotive industry from Europe and the United States of America. Since 2005, Shaanxi has been an official partner of the world's largest diesel engine manufacturer Cummins; and since 2013 the company has officially used MAN technologies. From the same year, dump trucks and truck tractors, onboard vehicles and special equipment of the Shacman brand, based on the MAN modifications, began to roll off the assembly lines.

The welding shops use production technology from German manufacturers, using technological equipment for spot welding. The production process involves the assistance of special controlled robots for electric arc welding. The painting shop is also equipped with the latest and most advanced technologies.

Work in production workshops is closely connected with the exhaust gas recovery system and heat recovery, which significantly reduces the cost of electrical energy, while also ensuring environmental protection. The process of interior finishing of the cabins takes place using German technologies, which are widely used in the production of passenger cars in Germany. The quality of assembly and fit of the internal parts of the cabins is in no way inferior to the “passenger” West German ones.

Shacman models

Before moving on to dump trucks, let’s go over the company’s products, but since a whole article is not enough to list a complete list of equipment, let’s go over the most interesting developments bearing the name Shacman.

Dump truck. The manufacturer devotes the lion's share of resources to this type, so we will start the list of models with it. Note that in addition to a regular dump truck, the plant produces a flat-bed dump truck, a dump truck chassis, a dump truck garbage truck and even a dump truck semi-trailer. We will look at some models below.

Next on the list we'll put a bus. The plant develops 4 types of city buses, several variants of intercity and tourist vehicles, as well as a special school bus. Moreover, the latter has all the attributes of such a transport - color, beacons on the roof, passenger capacity of approximately 30 seats.

It is also worth noting a wide variety of tractors with different load capacities, different wheel configurations, and additional equipment. In addition to everything described, the Chinese produce a whole series of various municipal equipment such as snow blowers, etc.

Features of this Shaanxi dump truck model

The design of these cars is based on licensed MAN F2000. This is a very successful family of high-quality German heavy trucks, recognized by the automobile market in many countries. Therefore, the Shacman SX3256DR384 cabin has the familiar outlines of the familiar MAN cabin. As usual, retouched with a slightly different bumper, hood and optics, as well as an original set of fairings. The tipper body of our own design and production, with a volume of 19.3 m3, its shape reveals the Asian origin of the vehicle.

Anti-roll bars front and rear are standard equipment on the Shacman SX3258DR384. Hydraulic equipment for lifting a dump body is offered to choose from: from Hyva or Junton companies, or from Shaanxi Holding’s own production.

Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck engine

Shacman SX3256DR384 vehicles are equipped with six-cylinder in-line diesel engines of the Weichai WP10 (336 hp) or Weichai WP12 (375 hp) models equipped with turbocharging. Since January 2013, these engines have been modified to comply with the Euro-4 environmental standard, and since 2022, only Shacman / Shaanxi cars with Euro-5 environmental class engines have been produced and exported (including to the Russian Federation), which is guaranteed SCR catalytic reduction system and the use of ADBlue reagent (urea). The diesel fuel tank is made of aluminum. There is a heated tank and a heated filter.

The most common engine option for this dump truck model is the Weichai WP10.336E40 power unit. Its working volume is 9726 cm3. Compression ratio – 17:1. The maximum power of this engine is 336 hp (247 kW), at a speed of 1900 rpm. The highest torque is 1500 N.m / at 1200…1500 rpm. The cylinder diameter is 130 cm, the piston stroke is 126 cm. The curb weight of the engine is 875 kg. Weichai WP10.336E40 engine size: 1525mm x 730mm x 1063mm.

Another engine option for the Shacman SX3256DR384 is the Cummins ISM11E4 345 diesel. This is also a Chinese-made power unit, similar to the Weichai WP10 - a four-stroke six-cylinder in-line vertical diesel engine with liquid cooling, turbocharging, intercooler and direct injection system.

Also, in any case, one muffler is provided with a built-in neutralizer and a selective catalytic cleaning system; Injection pump and injectors from . Turbocharger brand: HX50/Wuxi Holset.

The Cummins engine has a displacement of 10,824 cubic centimeters and a maximum power of 250 kW (340 horsepower) at 1,900 rpm. The compression ratio is 16.2:1. The maximum torque is 1678 N.m, and it is achieved already at 1200 rpm. The cylinder diameter is 125 cm, the piston stroke is 147 cm. The curb weight of the engine is 940 kg. Cummins ISM11E4 345 engine dimensions: 1335 mm x 825 mm x 1159 mm.

As additional options, upon special customer request, the Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck can be equipped with a Webasto ST90 preheater, as well as a 2000 ST air heater.

The lineup

The company's model line includes Shacman dump trucks with various wheel configurations. The main difference is which wheels will be driving. The wheel arrangement used also determines the vehicle's load-carrying capacity level.

6x6

Models with this wheel arrangement are equipped with various variations of power plants. The nominal load capacity of dump trucks is kept at 25 tons. The internal volume of the truck body is equivalent to 19 m3. Dump trucks of this variation are characterized by good maneuverability and a sufficient level of cross-country ability.

Technical characteristics of Shakman dump trucks with a 6x6 wheel arrangement:

In the video there is a Shacman 6x6 dump truck:

6x4

The 6x4 wheel arrangement determines the driving middle and rear wheels. Such dump trucks are most popular among consumers as they have good load capacity. All models are equipped with an engine preheater and an electric torch fuel heating option.

Technical characteristics of the models:

Video review of the Shakman 6x4 dump truck:

8x4

Thanks to their design features, Chinese 8x4 dump trucks are stable on any ground.

The rear axle stabilizer ensures comfortable overcoming of any unevenness, and the rear differential lock option increases the vehicle's maneuverability.
Specifications:

Video review of the Shacman 8x4 336 dump truck:

Truck transmission

The design of the Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck uses a dry type, single-disc clutch with a pneumatic booster. Model – Guilin Fuda/FD430L28.

The gearbox is installed 12JS160TA - twelve-speed (12+2). The first three gears in this gearbox are clearly “construction”: they have very low, literally “creeping” gear ratios, but when you engage the fourth, the dump truck rushes forward much more quickly - the difference is felt significant. Apparently, this is how it was originally intended - for work “on the ground”, with frequent maneuvering.

The final drive ratio is 5.73 (4.8). To overcome difficult areas, inter-wheel and inter-axle blocking is provided.

Manufacturer information

The automobile holding includes a couple of very large enterprises that specialize in the manufacture of components, assemblies, and auto parts . The latter are used in the design of truck brands from other manufacturers. The company also produces axles for large equipment, such as trucks and dump trucks.

In total, the holding includes several advanced enterprises located in China. The company got its name thanks to long-term cooperation with the German brand MAN.

Shacman dump trucks combine German cab designs, the standard type of which includes all the amenities necessary for the driver (such as air conditioning, sleeper, built-in modern radio, etc.).

About the company and features of Shakhman dump trucks in the video.

Dump truck brake system and steering

The service brake system of the Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck is a pneumatic dual-circuit drive that separates the brakes of the front axle and the rear bogie, equipped with an ABS - anti-lock brake system type 6W6S / WABCO. There is a brake force regulator. The brakes on all wheels of this vehicle are drum brakes.

The parking brake system is wheel brake mechanisms that are driven by spring energy accumulators combined with the brake chambers of the rear bogie. The parking brake system is a spare; As an additional feature, an engine retarder with a flap in the exhaust gas system is provided.

The steering system of the Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck is equipped with a ZF8098 hydraulic booster. Steering system type: “screw-ball nut-rack-sector”.

Advantages

Chinese SHACMAN trucks, developed for Russia, have a lot of advantages. First of all, this is additional thermal insulation of the interior, created specifically for our climate. It is also worth noting the double frame along the entire length, reinforced body, heating. Improved Shaanxi Fast Gear gearbox (made under US license), reinforced springs and hydraulic cylinder, certified Steyr axles and ZF8098 steering system, manufactured using German technology.

In addition, Shaanxi (Shacman) dump trucks are equipped with an ABS system, heated intake air mixture, front and rear axle stabilizers, an automatic brake pad clearance system, and body heating. The climate control system ensures comfortable operation of the dump truck in any weather. All this guarantees convenience and safety for the driver and passenger.

Car suspension

The front suspension on this truck is dependent, on longitudinally located semi-elliptic springs, with telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers and a stabilizer bar. The number of front suspension springs is 10 pieces on each side. The rear suspension is balanced, on semi-elliptic springs with anti-roll bar, or dependent, on four pneumatic elements, with or without anti-roll bar. The number of springs at the rear is 12 on each side.

Shacman SX3256DR384 dump truck body

Shacman / Shaanxi SX3256DR384 dump trucks are produced with bodies with oblique sides, checkered sides, as well as with U-shaped (“trough-shaped”) type bodies. In any case, the manufacturer provides the possibility of expanding the sides in order to use the vehicle for transporting grain, coal and other cargo of lower density. At the same time, it is important for owners of these vehicles not to forget that the use of bodies with extended sides for transporting inert cargo (sand, crushed stone, etc.) can lead to overloading of the dump truck, damage to its frame and the body itself.

Almost all Shacman SX3256DR384 dump trucks have a body equipped with heated bottoms using exhaust gases. The thickness of the underbody is 8 mm...10 mm; the thickness of its sidewalls is 4 mm...6 mm). The volume of the standard body of the SX3256DR384 is 19.3 cubic meters (in external dimensions). The internal dimensions of the body are as follows: 5600×2300×1100/1300/1500 mm. At the same time, the Shacman / Shaanxi four-axle vehicles have an even larger body volume - there it is equal to 24.3 cubic meters. The use of such “spacious” bodies often leads to exceeding the load on the axles of trucks permitted by Russian legislation. The body elevation angle of the Shacman SX3256DR384 is 50 degrees.

Ergonomics of dump trucks

If we talk about the general design, then everything here is extremely simple and is based on such principles as convenience and functionality. For example, checking the oil level can be done simply by opening the front grille .

Ergonomics of the Shakman dump truck

Unlike other brands and manufacturers, such as the Hovo dump truck, Tatra-T815, Lawn Next, MAZ 20 tons, Zil 130, Kamaz 6520, Kamaz 55111, Kamaz 65117, Kamaz 65207, MAZ 53366, Kraz 250, Zil 5301, MAZ 5551 , MAZ 5337, Zil 431410, Shacman highlight the following main differences: practicality and thoughtful design.

It is also important that almost all Shacman components can be easily replaced with similar ones, and this greatly simplifies repair operations.

Cabin Shacman/Shaanxi SX3256DR384

The advantage of the car is its spacious, well-insulated cabin, based on the cabin of the European MAN F2000 truck. The interior is well thought out and well-equipped for long and productive driver work. There are convenient storage compartments in the doors, dashboard, above the windshield and under the seats; cup holders. There is even a sleeping place, which is not always necessary for dump trucks, with a rising headrest, under which a tool box is placed.

The basic cabin of the car is equipped with a radio with a USB connector, climate control, air conditioning and a cabin filter. The driver's seat is placed on an air suspension and is equipped with adjustments in both planes. It also has a stiffness setting for the driver’s weight. The steering column is also adjustable for reach and tilt, but is locked with two mechanical thumb locks. There is a large ventilation hatch in the cabin roof, and comfortable sun blinds above the windshield.

The low location of the engine tunnel allows the driver to move freely around the cabin, a decent level of noise insulation and a well-calibrated, ergonomic instrument cluster on the panel provide good working conditions. The body lifting handle is located very conveniently, on the side of the driver's seat. A wide viewing angle, three rear-view mirrors and a curb mirror help the driver to control the situation with confidence. There are also additional mirrors - curb and sliding. Both the main and spherical mirrors of the car are heated.

Technical specifications in numbers

• Overall dimensions: length – 8.392 m; width – 2.49 m; height – 3.45 m.
• Wheelbase – 3.8 m + 1.35 mm.
• Minimum ground clearance – 385 mm.
• Track width: front – 2.036 m; rear – 1.85 m.
• Load capacity – up to 25 tons.
• Diesel fuel consumption is 40...45 liters per 100 km.
• The volume of the fuel tank is 380 liters.
• Maximum speed – 90 km/h.
• The approach/departure angle is 28/30 degrees.
• The minimum turning radius is 12 meters.
• The greatest climb that can be overcome is 35 degrees.
• The highest speed is 85 km/h.
• Weight characteristics: curb weight – 14.315 tons; total weight – 40 tons.
• Gross weight distribution: front axle 7 tons / rear bogie 18 tons (26 tons).
• Size and brand of standard tires – 12.00R20, 12.00-20, Linglong.

Since 2014, Shaanxi has ranked first in the Chinese market in terms of heavy truck production volume. In a short period of time, they turned in the Russian Federation from exotic to quite familiar and widespread cars. High sales growth rates were made possible primarily due to the affordable cost of these cars. Shacman / Shaanxi SX3256DR384 cheerfully “entered” the most popular segment of construction dump trucks and quickly won its “place in the sun” in it.

Of course, venerable European leaders are making trucks more modern and more efficient in all respects. However, for a completely different price, which is about 2.5 times more expensive. In practice, this means that instead of two European-made dump trucks, the carrier will be able to afford a fleet of five Shacmans.

The Chinese have begun to produce quite acceptable quality of metal and workmanship in recent years. Shacman SX3256DR384 is also distinguished by the presence of a large number of both licensed and purchased components and assemblies. For example, a ZF steering mechanism, a brake system built on Wabco components, MAN or Stayer drive axles.

Reviews from car owners

Reviews of Shakman dump trucks left by drivers who are familiar with this truck first-hand are impressive. Most of them are positive. Most of the details are well thought out by the manufacturer. The power units are quite powerful. They are durable, repairable, and easy to care for. Spare parts are available for sale. They can always be replaced with similar ones. Thanks to this, there are no difficulties with repairs.

There are some negative aspects regarding cars of this brand. Most often, car owners report strong swaying while driving. This is due to the large dimensions of the dump truck. Some drivers complain about the quality of the wiring. It often gets damaged and fails.

You can find so-called gray cars on the market. Their technical characteristics are very similar to those of real models. And a simple amateur does not always manage to find the differences. The most striking landmark to determine the origin of a car is color. The automaker paints its models only yellow.

Chinese Shakman dump trucks are a good option for those who value practicality and functionality, power and affordability. Thanks to its high technical characteristics, a car of this brand is able to satisfy the needs of even the most demanding driver. Plus, the affordable cost of a car (even a new one) further expands the range of buyers.

Reviews of Shacman SX3256DR385 dump trucks

Shacman SX3256DR385 dump trucks have earned a good reputation in the Russian Federation and the CIS republics. They are called the most reliable of the “Chinese” in the automotive market. In addition to the relatively low price of these trucks, their owners and drivers note such undoubted advantages as good maneuverability, load capacity, reliable engine, strong chassis, relatively cheap components, consumables and spare parts.

This machine is very demanding on maintenance. When driving, it is not recommended to lower the engine speed below 1500. Before climbing, it is advised to try to select in advance the gear in which the climb will be completed. You only need to change gears sequentially.

The mountain brake is also a definite plus. It saves brake pads from wear. However, you need to learn how to use it. The mountain brake must be used carefully on descents in winter: do not apply it abruptly, so as not to fly off the road. It is important to monitor lubrication, especially of axles and the driveshaft, and lubricate everything in full accordance with the lubrication chart. The weak point of these cars (like many other Chinese cars) is the wiring.

Loading sand

All sorts of repairs took us two days, but now that everything is fine we can start loading. Dump trucks are often overloaded, but we decided to act within the law and loaded enough so that, as required in our country for single trucks, the weight of the loaded dump truck was 30 tons.

Previously, we recorded the time of raising and lowering the body. It turned out that MAZ is inferior to other participants in this regard. And Shacman completed the task faster than anyone else. And everyone liked the controls of the Chinese dump truck more for its simplicity. In turn, for MAZ it turned out to be more difficult than others.

So, we started downloading. The loader threw four buckets of sand into the dump trucks. True, some dump trucks were slightly overloaded.

As soon as we started moving up the mountain, the MAZ was out of action. The issue was the release bearing, which had been constantly howling before. When we went up the mountain, the smell of a burnt clutch appeared in the cabin, which is not given due attention at the factory. In addition, while climbing, the dump truck hit the ground with its rear underride guard, as a result of which several bolts were immediately torn off.

We continue to travel on three dump trucks. The next step was to measure fuel consumption while driving along the asphalt roads of the test site. The next day, while continuing testing, the KAMAZ clutch failed. The symptoms are the same as for MAZ.

The cost of the Shacman SX3256DR385 dump truck and its analogues on the market

At the end of 2022, a new Shacman SX3256DR385 dump truck can be purchased for 5.6 million rubles. These cars are presented in large quantities on the secondary market. They ask for them, depending on the year of manufacture and technical condition, from 1.5 to 3.5 million rubles. The popular segment of three-axle construction dump trucks is saturated on the Russian market with other relatively inexpensive models. Analogs of the Shacman SX3256DR385 and its main competitors include the domestic 6x4 dump trucks KamAZ-6580 and MAZ-6501.

The design of the dump truck is traditional for this construction equipment. Wheel formula 6x4, straight-through middle axle, locked interwheel and center differentials, rear spring-balancer and front spring suspension. The 85 cm wide frame is reinforced with inserts into the longitudinal side members. The thickness of the main spars is 8 mm, height – 30 cm; The thickness of the “tab” side members is 7 mm. The main gear, at the request of the client, can have a different gear ratio: 4.42; 4.80; 5.73; 6.72.