GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR OPERATING THE EXCAVATOR EO-2621/EO-2626

The YuMZ-6 excavator is used when working in soil categories 1-4 and loading all kinds of materials. The YuMZ-6 excavator is equipped with a blade and at the same time a backhoe bucket, which can also function as a straight shovel, which depends on the installation.

The YuMZ-6 excavator has the ability to operate at temperatures from -40 to +40 °C. To operate an excavator in frozen soils or soils above category 4, preliminary loosening of the soil is necessary. With this machine design, it is possible to work with replaceable equipment.

Development and release

YuMZ tractors are universal wheeled vehicles that perform agricultural and transport work. The developer of the tractors was the Southern Machine-Building Plant, also known as the plant named after. L. I. Brezhnev. The company produced not only tractors.

The main object of production of the plant were rockets, rocket engines, as well as other high-tech products, the development and production of which was carried out by the efforts of designers, mechanics and engineers of the then Soviet state. Other names of YuMZ are “Yuzhmash”, “DAZ” (Dnepropetrovsk Automobile Plant).

According to the opinion that developed over the years of existence of tractors produced by YuMZ, these machines were considered the best in Ukraine and in neighboring countries. YuMZ tractors were supplied to the Baltic countries, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Poland. Some of the equipment was even exported abroad, for example, to Cuba, China and Japan. Two years after the release of the first YuMZ 6, 100 thousand copies of this equipment were already produced.

The start of production began with the launch of the MTZ-5LS tractor production line in the early 60s of the last century. They were produced by the Minsk Tractor Plant together with Ukrainian engineers and mechanics. The markings of the equipment were preserved, and the tractors that came off the MTZ assembly line became known as “Belarus”.

Later, after the creation of its own tractor machine from Yuzhmash, the production and export of the already famous “Belarus” continued. At the end of the 70s, the YuMZ trademark finally appeared, cars with the sign of which can now be bought on the move and in good condition throughout the country.

Tractor machines from YuMZ were considered the best in those years and received about. Also, they have been repeatedly recognized as the best agricultural machine of the year. This equipment was distinguished by its high engine life, because the production base was a defense enterprise with the best specialists, materials and the latest technical developments.

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Design

The entire structure of the EO 2621 excavator is based on the YuMZ 6AK wheeled tractor . The semi-rotating hydraulic boom is mounted on a vertical column resting on the tractor rear suspension bracket.

Initially, the design of the YuMZ tractor was not designed for use as an excavator chassis. Therefore, at ChTZ, its frame was strengthened with additional strapping, and the fuel tank was moved forward, installed in front of the radiator grille. The rear support legs of the excavator hitch were not enough to provide a tight stop during work.

Therefore, a straight bulldozer blade, which has its own frame and hydraulic drive, also plays the role of additional support, as well as a counterweight when digging pits, trenches and loading operations. About

Features of operation and maintenance

The YuMZ tractor is operated in compliance with the following rules:

gear shifting is carried out only when the clutch is disengaged;
engine idling should not exceed 15 minutes;
after reducing the load, let the engine run for several minutes in low load mode, and only then turn it off;
when the tractor is moving, only one person can be seated in the cabin;
regularly lubricate mechanisms and key components of the tractor, use universal lubricant (with special markings for different seasons);
Activate the starting engine only when the gearshift lever is in neutral;
for the starting engine it is allowed to use gasoline A76, A72, in the absence of such - A92, to create a combustible mixture for the operation of the PD, mix 20 parts of gasoline and one part of oil for diesel engines, and then pour into the starting engine;
the fuel needs to sit for about 48 hours before being poured into the diesel engine tank;
oil for DD - GOST 305-82, oil for PD - according to GOST 2084-77;
for the gearbox - TEP-15 or TAP-15V.

Maintenance of the YuMZ6 tractor involves monitoring the status of the following parameters:

tire pressure;
control of the rear linkage mechanism;
fuel level;
control of the movement of all mechanisms, the condition of fastenings;
engine operation;
seasonal maintenance as necessary;
once a year - prevention of gearbox breakdowns.

For new models, running-in is required to increase the life of the tractor so that all parts get used and fit into the grooves. This procedure takes about 6-8 hours, during which the tractor is operated at 50% of its power. Upon completion of the procedure, it is necessary to change the engine oil.

For used tractors, running-in is not necessary.

At the end of the operating season, the tractor must be mothballed. It must be cleaned, placed in a dry place, the oil drained, the spark plug wires disconnected and the parts lubricated to prevent corrosion from forming.

Main malfunctions of YuMZ tractors and their elimination

Next, we will look at the main malfunctions that may arise during the operation of YuMZ tractors, as well as ways to eliminate them:

The engine does not start - perhaps it is not warmed up enough or the fuel filters are clogged;
the diesel engine operates intermittently and does not reach full power - you should check the fuel filter and the condition of the fuel pump;
the starting engine is acting up - check the carburetor bolts, replace the gasket, check the condition of the spark plug, if necessary, clean the spark plug or replace it;
the attachment does not stay raised - replace the seals, examine the condition of the hose connectors.

Hydraulics

The EO-2621A excavator uses two independent hydraulic systems

with a common tank for working fluid.

The first drives the working equipment from three gear pumps

type NSh32-3, liquid is supplied through:

distributor for bucket hydraulic cylinders
handles and arrows.

Second system from pump through distributor

delivers liquid:

into the boom hydraulic cylinder
into the hydraulic cylinders of the rotary mechanism
through the tractor distributor - into the hydraulic cylinders of the outriggers and the hydraulic cylinder of the bulldozer.

All pumps are driven by the tractor diesel crankshaft through gearboxes.

To limit the pressure in the locked piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder when digging, a relief valve is installed, which bypasses liquid into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and excess liquid into the tank.

Fluid losses in the rod cavities of hydraulic cylinders are compensated through a check valve

. When the spools are in the neutral position, the working fluid from the pumps passes through a filter installed in the tank.

All pipelines have safety valves to prevent overloading

excavator mechanisms.
The bypass valve, located between the pipelines through which fluid enters the hydraulic cylinders, serves to smoothly brake
the turning mechanism in the middle of the stroke.

Smooth braking at the end of a turn is achieved by using damper devices mounted in the hydraulic cylinder covers.

Controlled check valves ensure free flow

liquid into the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders of the outriggers and
block the drainage
of the liquid when external loads are transferred from the supports to the rods, which also ensures stability of the excavator during operation.

When lifting the supports, liquid is supplied to the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. At the same time, the valve needles open a free drain

fluids from the piston cavities.

a - kinematic; b - hydraulic; 1, 20 and 22 - pumps; 2 and 21 - gearboxes; 3 - tank; 4 - unloading valve; 5, 6 and 8 - distributors; 7 - bypass valve; 9 — controlled check valves; 10 - needles; 11 — bulldozer hydraulic cylinder; 12 and 13 — hydraulic cylinders of outriggers; 14 and 16 — hydraulic cylinders of the turning mechanism; 15 - check valve; 17 — bucket hydraulic cylinder; 18 — hydraulic cylinders of the handle; 19 — boom hydraulic cylinder.

Dimensions

Let's consider the dimensions of the YuMZ-6 tractor, as well as how much the YuMZ EO 2621 excavator, equipped with a blade and a backhoe bucket, weighs.

Dimensions of the YuMZ-6 tractor:

length - 4.165 m;
width - 1.88 m;
height - 2.49 m.

Weight is 3400, 3700, 3900 kg.

The weight of the trailer permissible for its operation in tandem with YuMZ-6 is 6 tons.

The EO 2621 excavator, created on the basis of the YuMZ-6AK tractor, has the following parameters:

length - 6.9 m;
width - 2.3 m;
height - 3.8 m.

Machine weight - 5600 (±10) kg.

Parameters of attachments for the EO 2621 excavator

The backhoe has a bucket capacity of 0.25 m3, a maximum digging radius of 5.2 m, a digging depth of 4.15 m, and a maximum unloading height into a vehicle of 3.7 m.
Bulldozer blade with a working width of 2 m and a cutting depth of 0.15 m.

The weight of the YuMZ excavator unit without a tractor will be 1.7 tons.

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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR OPERATING THE EXCAVATOR EO-2621/EO-2626

To ensure uninterrupted operation of the excavator, strictly adhere to the operating rules set out in this manual, observe safety precautions, regularly carry out maintenance and routine repairs.

8. INSTRUCTIONS FOR SAFETY MEASURES FOR EXCAVATOR EO-2621/EO-2626

8.1. When putting the excavator into operation

Assign a driver who has documents to drive the excavator; conduct safety training when working on an excavator; Study the operating instructions for the tractor, the technical description and the operating instructions for the excavator.

8.2. When preparing an excavator for operation of the EO-2621/EO-2626 excavator

Carefully inspect the excavator to make sure it is in full working order.

Read all warning signs and placards on the excavator.

Check the presence of oil in the engine crankcase and in the working fluid tanks, the presence of coolant in the cooling system and fuel in the fuel tanks.

Check that the lighting and sound signal are working properly.

Make sure that the steps and control levers are not oily or icy, remove foreign objects and tools from the excavator.

Perform all operations related to preparing the excavator for work with the working parts lowered, and set the tractor to the hand brake.

Check the tightness of the front and rear wheel rims.

8.3. During operation of the excavator excavator EO-2621/EO-2626

Be sure to warn others by signaling that you are moving away or starting work; Set the steering column lock to the desired position only from the excavator cab.

Load soil into vehicles from the side or through the rear side.

Lower the support shoes and blade when backhoeing.

When working with a blade, place the working equipment and the rotary column in the transport position.

Develop pits and trenches in soils of natural moisture with a disturbed structure (in the absence of groundwater and the location of underground structures nearby) with vertical walls without fastening to a depth of no more than:

a) 1 m – in sandy (including gravelly soils)

b) 1.25 m – in sandy loams;

c) 1.5 m – in clays and loams;

d) 2 m – in particularly dense soils.

When developing pits and trenches without fastenings to a depth of up to 4 m in soils, lift the support shoes after raising the boom and turning the handle towards the boom to avoid the excavator tipping over.

Operate the tractor and excavator control levers only from the cab, while sitting in the driver’s seat.

Work at night only with the headlights on.

The illumination of the part of the excavator working area that is in the driver’s field of vision and limited by the width of the excavator, the maximum and minimum digging radii at the parking level, must be at least 10 lux.

When operating an excavator, IT IS PROHIBITED:

— presence of unauthorized persons on the excavator; the cabin is intended only for the driver;

- work with an excavator in the security zone of power transmission lines, underground cables, water pipelines, gas pipelines, etc. in the absence of a representative of the operating organization;

— excavate the soil under the support shoe;

— lift a load weighing more than 500 kg with a backhoe;

— work over cliffs;

— use the steering wheel or control levers as supports when exiting;

— work when there are people in the working area of the excavator;

— carry the bucket over the vehicle cabin when performing loading operations

— pick up soil with a loader bucket while simultaneously turning the tractor relative to the longitudinal axis.

8.4. When measuring the parameters of the EO-2621/EO-2626 excavator

When checking and adjusting the pressure of hydraulic distributors and valves, turn on the control levers of the working bodies while in the cab (on the seat).

It is strictly forbidden to operate the control levers in any other way.

8.5. When checking the technical condition of the EO-2621/EO-2626 excavator

Perform all operations related to checking the technical condition of the excavator with the engine not running, the working parts lowered and the tractor braked.

Determine the presence of leaks using a piece of cardboard or rags.

8.6. When troubleshooting the EO-2621/EO-2626 excavator

Before starting work, familiarize yourself with the safety rules when carrying out metalworking, welding and assembly work.

Perform all troubleshooting operations with the engine not running and the working parts lowered.

DO NOT stand under the excavator while it is elevated by the support shoes and blade.

8.7. When storing and transporting an excavator

When placing the excavator for storage, place it on a level area, lower the blade, backhoe bucket and support shoes onto the platform, drain the coolant and fuel, and hang a warning sign.

When transporting, follow the rules outlined in the “Transportation” section.

8.8. Fire safety and explosion hazard rules for excavator EO-2621/EO-2626

When working on sites containing flammable materials, install a fire extinguisher on the excavator.

When checking the fuel and oil levels in tanks, DO NOT bring a fire to the tank to illuminate the measuring stick.

When refueling an excavator with fuels and lubricants, smoking is prohibited; After refueling, thoroughly wipe any leaks with a rag.

Keep flammable materials away from the exhaust pipe while the engine is running.

9. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE FOR WORKING EQUIPMENT OF EXCAVATOR EO-2621/EO-2626

Before putting the excavator into operation, perform the following work:

— wash the excavator, clean it from dust and dirt;

— check the tightness of the threaded connections, paying special attention to the tightening of the rear and front wheel hub bolts, steering arm nuts and hydraulic distributor bolts, nuts and bolts of the excavator frame to the tractor;

— reinstall the parts removed from the excavator; the list of parts and assembly units removed from the excavator is indicated on the packing list located in the spare parts box;

— check the pressure in the tires and bring it to the values specified in Maintenance 1.

Install tractor parts and assembly units in accordance with the tractor operating instructions.

The excavator is supplied with an installed universal forward/backhoe bucket, bulldozer blade (EO-2621) or a replaceable loader bucket and bulldozer blade (EO-2626).

Install the backhoe bucket on the handle axis and connect it to the bucket hydraulic cylinder through rods. Elements of equipment are connected to each other by hinges using fingers. To increase digging effort, an additional hole is provided in the bucket head.

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Attachments

It is difficult to select the most popular ones among the attachments. Due to the wide range of applications of YuMZ6, the number of attachments is quite large.

The most popular devices are:

two- and three-furrow plows;
hillers;
snow shovels;
trailers;
trolleys;
seeders;
potato planters;
root diggers;
harrows;
mowers;
hay rollers;
fertilizer spreaders.

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Specifications

YuMZ tractors have earned their popularity for a reason: they are one of the easiest to operate, reliable and robust machines that perform a wide range of soil work.

In addition, they are able to operate in different temperature conditions; the market offers a huge number of spare parts for this equipment, as well as many types of attachments. The production of vehicles under license from the Yuzhmash enterprise is currently carried out at Omsk src=»https://fermerinform.ru/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/yumz-dvigatel_8.jpg» class=»aligncenter» width=»500 ″ height=”375″[/img]

The Transport Engineering Plant produces models of tractors ZTM60/62, which are an exact copy of YuMZ6. These machines are considered one of the most reliable in Russia.

Dimensions, weight

Overall dimensions of the YuMZ tractor: D4140/Sh1884/H2750. Depending on the modification, there may be slight variations in size.
Machine weight: from 3400 kg. up to 3900 kg.
The tractor's traction class is 1.4.
Wheelbase 2450 mm, ground clearance 64.5 mm.
Turning radius 5000 mm.

Engine

YuMZ6 were equipped with a four-stroke diesel engine. There was no turbocharging function. Brands of installed engines: D-65N, SMD-15N, D-65L.

Engine power: from 60 to 62 horsepower.
Engine displacement - from 4.94 liters. up to 4.75 l.
Shaft rotation speed - 1800 rpm.
Fuel consumption depending on modification: from 3.8 to 4.2 liters. at one o'clock.
The fuel tank capacity was 90 liters.

Transmission

The gearbox is five-speed, equipped with a gearbox that doubles the number of gears (not all models, only the last decade of production).

Chassis and transmission

The cars produced were rear-wheel drive, the same applies to the latest modifications.

The clutch is double-flow, dry.
The tractor can be controlled in 5 forward gears and 1st reverse gear.
Brakes: disc type, dry.

Cabin

The cabin of the YuMZ6 tractor was glazed, sealed, the number of seats was 1. The operator’s seat was soft. In front of the operator there is a dashboard and steering wheel, as well as gear shift levers. On Russian models of YuMZ6 analogues, you can often find an insulating cover on the operator’s seat.

Tractor control

1 — chassis, 2 — transmission, 3 — mounted system, 4 — control mechanism, 5 — engine

Tractor steering control. When ordering directly from the factory, you could choose the type of control: mechanical or hydrostatic. The steering wheel is power-assisted and adjustable to suit the operator's height.

It is recommended to use the tractor on slopes of no more than 10 degrees, but practical use shows that the machine maneuvers well on steeper slopes.

Technical characteristics of YuMZ excavators

The excavator is powered by a new four-cylinder diesel engine model D-242, the power of which is 62 horsepower, while in operating condition the fuel consumption does not exceed 10.8 liters. at one o'clock. In addition, the unit has the following advantages that allow you to optimize work processes:

The chassis is not tracked, but wheeled, with the rear wheels being driving and the front wheels being guides, mounted on pneumatic tires;

The steering wheel is reinforced with a hydraulic device;

Mechanical transmission;

The 9-speed gearbox is equipped with a gearbox that allows you to double the power;

Allows you to reach forward speeds of up to 32 km. per hour, in reverse - up to 25 km. at one o'clock.

The Yumz excavator can operate in difficult weather conditions at different temperature levels (from +40 to -40 °C), as well as in environments with high levels of sand or dust. In addition to the above functional capabilities, the technical characteristics allow for a wide range of work operations: digging pits with a dump, developing small faces, creating embankments, cleaning the area and carrying out some installation processes. To increase the service life and reduce the degree of wear of the hydraulics of the Yumz excavator, it is necessary to periodically clean the bottom of the oil tank, promptly change filters, oil and wipers, and check the tightness of all connections of the engine structure.

The price of Yumz excavators is determined depending on its equipment with additional mechanisms, performance and other parameters necessary when performing the tasks assigned to the equipment by the customer or contractor.

The YuMZ excavator was designed by the Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant. This unit was designed on the basis of the YuMZ tractor. The machine has many positive functions that are indispensable when working on construction, digging canals, and loading various cargoes. It is important to know how many characteristics this model has so as not to make a mistake with your choice.

Powertrain, transmission and hydraulics

The power units of YuMZ excavators are represented by four-stroke engines. Among them we can highlight:

D-65 engine with an installed power of 60 horsepower, in addition to the engine a starter unit was installed;
engine D-242-71 with a power of 71 horsepower.

The engine capacity of the D-65 is 4.95 liters. Engine capacity D-242-71 is 4.75 liters. The technical characteristics of the power units regulate the crankshaft rotation speed, which is 1,800 revolutions per minute.

The YuMZ excavator has a 5-speed gearbox, which is equipped with a dry clutch. The drive shaft and power take-off shaft are connected to each other. The box parts are lubricated by spraying oil. The gearbox is controlled using the gear shift lever and the lock lever. The technical characteristics of the transmission guarantee a speed of 24.5 km/h and overcoming inclines at an angle of 10°.

The YuMZ excavator (cockerel) loader has an aggregate-type hydraulic system, which consists of the following components:

Oil TANK, which serves as a reservoir for hydraulic fluid. Located on the left side for better control of the oil level. This is convenient for the tractor driver.
Hydraulic distributor - 2 pcs. The hydraulic circuit implies the presence of a fluid flow distributor for better control of excavator mechanisms.
Gear pump. The hydraulic circuit is equipped with standard pumps of the NSh-71 and NSh-100 types. The pumps are driven through a splined coupling from the transmission gear. The pump gears are cast integrally with the shafts.
Hydraulic cylinders. Hydraulic power cylinders raise and lower the bucket and blade of the YuMZ EO excavator. The cylinders are secured using brackets.
High pressure pipes and hoses are necessary to supply oil to the components of the EO 2621 hydraulic system.

For better control, the YuMZ 6 tractor is equipped with power steering. The power steering drives the NSh-10 pump.

Excavator YuMZ-6

Purpose

- dig trenches, pits either simply with a blade, or with loading onto a vehicle - with a backhoe; - carry out loading, development of small faces, create embankments - with a straight shovel; — carry out planning and cleaning work using a blade;

- perform loading and unloading, as well as installation work - with a forklift.

Engine

The power unit is available in two versions.

The first series of YuMZ-6 were equipped with in-line four-cylinder diesel engines of the D-65 brand, with a volume of about 5 liters and a power of 60 hp. The more economical D242-71 engine has a smaller displacement and correspondingly lower 46 hp power characteristics.
The design features of both engines are the absence of turbocharging, power intake to activate the gear pump of the hydraulic system, and the presence of a single-stage decompressor. Average fuel consumption is about 245 g/kW per hour.

Both power units provide optimal traction characteristics for their category, combined with a power take-off to activate fairly energy-intensive mounted and towed devices.

Transmission

Torque from the power unit is transmitted to a nine-speed gearbox equipped with a retarding gearbox and transmission through a permanently closed clutch disc.

Control of the braking devices, activation of the power take-off shaft and blocking of the planetary mechanism of the rear axle are activated from the driver’s workplace.
The steering is power-assisted, and the column in the latest series can be adjusted in tilt and height.
The cabin's level of comfort, heat and sound insulation allows the tractor to be operated in the most difficult climatic conditions.
The range of operating and transport speeds can vary widely from 2.3 to 24.5 km/h.

The lineup

The range of tractors from YuMZ was truly extensive. Conventionally, it can be divided into two categories - the original MTZ 5 LS and YuMZ 6, which included certain modifications of the machines:

MTZ-5LS “Belarus” - under this brand the world saw the original model MTZ-5LS;
YuMZ-6L “Belarus”;
YuMZ-6M “Belarus” (rounded radiator grille, as on the 6L modifications);
YuMZ-6AL;
YuMZ-6AM (like the AL, it was distinguished by a rectangular hood, a more comfortable steering wheel, and an improved instrument panel);
YuMZ-6KM;
YuMZ-6KL (like the 6 KM models, improved visibility of the cabin, without an agricultural attachment system, adapted for working with equipment for a bulldozer, excavator).

In the designation abbreviation, the letter “L” means the presence of a starting motor, and the letter “M” means the presence of an electric starter.

The basis for the YuMZ 6 and their modifications was the MTZ-5. The production of the cars finally ceased in 2001. Since then, only used models of YuMZ tractors can be found in public and private farms.

It is well known that in 1974 the documentation for the production of YuMZ6 was sold to Sweden. It was this tractor that served as the basis for the development of the future Volvo VM700 tractor.

The photo shows the YuMZ-6AKM tractor clearing snow.

YuMZ-6AKM

Loaders-excavators PE-F-1B-1, PE-F-1BM-1

Warning!

Recently, information resources are increasingly appearing on the Internet, the names of which are consonant with the names of the domain name, the labeling of manufactured products, as well as the name, formerly “PO Yurmash”, “TD “Yurmash”, “Yurmash-crane”.

LLC "Yurginsky Machinery Plant" informs that the sites:

www.tdyumz.ru - LLC "TD Yurginsky Mechanical Plant"
www.yurmash.ru - LLC "PO Yurmash"
www.ysdm.ru – Stroydormash-Service LLC
www.yurmash.narod.ru - JSC "Yurmash"
www.yurga-zavod.ru – Yurga Mash Plant
www.yurmash.su – Carrie LLC
www.yurmashservis.ru – Yurmash Service LLC
www.kranzip.ru – REVERS LLC
www.ks4361.ru – Yurginsky Crane Repair Plant LLC
www.ooo-trio.ru – Trio LLC
www.s-kran.ru – KoftunoFF LLC
www.yurga-zavod-agro.ru – LLC “Yurga Agricultural Equipment Plant”
www.agrosnab-siberia.ru – Agrosnab-Siberia LLC

are not information resources of Yurginsky Machine-Building Plant LLC, and the enterprises presented on these sites are not partners and have nothing to do with the Yurginsky Machine-Building Plant.

Yurginsky Machinery Plant is not responsible for possible risks associated with the use of any information published on these sites and equipment purchased from these companies.

If applications or commercial offers are sent to you from companies whose names are similar to Yurginsky Machine Plant LLC, please inform us by email

Excavator equipment

The machine can be equipped with the following equipment:

a variety of buckets depending on their purpose;
hydraulic hammer;
tooth for loosening;
grabs of various sizes.

The design of the machine allows you to work with replaceable equipment.

The ripper tooth is used for loosening dense or frozen soil, uprooting stumps and roots, opening paving stones and road surfaces, etc.

Using a hydraulic hammer, you can crush concrete floors, walls of buildings, loosen soil, etc.

A grab is equipped with a backhoe loader for loading bulk materials.

Cost of ownership

The EO 2621 excavator, the price of which does not exceed one and a half million rubles (this is lower than that of Caterpillar), is available to most commercial and government enterprises involved in agriculture, construction, and maintenance of utility and energy systems.

On the secondary market, its average price is six hundred thousand rubles, and the amazing reliability of the excavator’s systems and mechanisms gives the owners of these used machines reason to believe that they own practically new equipment.

Consumables and spare parts for this tractor are quite cheap. In addition, he is unpretentious in terms of service. It can be repaired at any site equipped with electric hoists and a welding machine, which also reduces the cost of ownership.

Operation and equipment

An excavator based on YuMZ 6 is adapted to work in a wide temperature range, is reliable and universal in use. It handles the heat and starts perfectly at -40°C.

The design and layout of the excavator allows it to be used for various construction works.

Modernization and alteration make it possible to expand the range of trailed and mounted equipment.

An example is a quick-hitch front loader.

Loader technical specifications:

lifting height - 4m;
time for replacing the working body is 1-4 minutes;
knife thickness - 20mm;
bucket thickness - 4mm;
the thickness of the linings is 10mm.

The loader is designed to work with various loads (sand, grain, crushed stone, etc.), and is equipped with quick-release fasteners, which significantly reduces the time of its installation and dismantling.

Main indicators and operating parameters:

working width - 2m;
loading angle - 80°;
work productivity - 45t/hour;
rated load capacity - 8 kN;
weight - 0.87t.

Distinctive features - all finger connections of the device are equipped with oil nipples, and all high-pressure hoses have European standard connectors. A more detailed description, the design of the excavator and the intricacies of operating the excavator can be found in the operating instructions.

The YuMZ 6 excavator continues to collect only positive reviews.

If you own an excavator based on the YuMZ tractor, what attachments do you most often use?

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The need for high traction force became the main reason for the emergence of such a mechanism as a tractor. Its features are low speed and high traction power. A powerful tractor, it is suitable not only for all types of loading and excavation work, it is also a mobile base for various types of mechanisms and devices. Therefore, to ensure versatility, the tractor is equipped with a hydraulic system.

Diesel, big wheels, hydraulics

The method of movement plays a big role in the purpose of the tractor. If the tracked base is responsible for increased maneuverability and high traction power, then the wheelbase provides maneuverability and efficient movement, as well as the ability to move on asphalt surfaces. The wheeled excavator bulldozer EO 2621 has the most convenient ratio of the diameter and width of the rear and front wheels, which allows for increased off-road capability;

On construction sites;
When developing quarries;
When driving over rough terrain.

Combinations for full loading

Jackhammers, grabs, excavators, bulldozers - all these types of hydraulic devices are indispensable in construction, mining, mining and heavy industry, and infrastructure. And they all have a device for installation on the tractor support. A successfully modified model - the EO 2621 wheeled excavator is optionally equipped with many quick-release equipment:

Backhoe - digs trenches, small holes and ditches;
Straight shovel - for loading operations, raking material (garbage, slag, sand, etc.) into one place;
Crane suspension - perform loading and unloading operations, install on additional equipment of a hydraulic hammer;
Using a loading bucket of normal or increased capacity - cleaning work and loading of bulk materials are carried out;
Forks - intended mainly for agricultural work (harvesting hay, silage, etc.);
Grab - a device for moving bulk materials of different fractions;
Ripper tooth - when digging frozen soil, a tooth is used for preliminary loosening. The use of a hydraulic hammer for such work is prohibited;
Hydraulic hammer - for crushing large stones in quarries, road surfaces, etc.

Modifications with various attachments

The wheeled excavator EO 2621 based on YuMZ has several modifications, which are determined by the configuration of the above hydraulic mechanisms when factory assembled. With selective configuration, the cost of an excavator can vary widely. Unused functions are not only wasted investments, but also take away potential and cause inconvenience during operation. Incomplete model range:

EO 2621-10 - presence of a bulldozer blade;
EO 2621-12 - equipped with a hydraulic rotating bulldozer blade;
EO 2621-30 - bulldozer blade and digging axis of a displaceable structure;
EO 2621-31 - with a shifting digging axis and no front bulldozer blade;
EO 2621-32 - hydraulic drive with a bulldozer blade and a shifting digging axis.

Excavator for soils

Mechanization increases the volume of excavation work performed by several tens of times. A single-bucket excavator based on YuMZ EO 2621 operates smoothly in soils from categories 1 to 4, at temperatures from -40 to +40˚С. Categories 1 and 2 are soft and medium-hard soils. When working with category 3 and 4 soils, assistance in the form of preliminary loosening is required.

Category 1 - loose soils (sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc.), turf layer;
Category 2 - consists of particles of medium hardness connecting each other (loam, fine and medium gravel);
Category 3 - dense loam, heavy clay;
Category 4 - permafrost or soils with seasonal freezing, dense rocks of quartz, limestone, etc.

Introduction of new technologies

Currently, the EO 2621 single-bucket excavator is produced by several factories in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. At this stage of production, new developments have been introduced that have put the work of the excavator at a higher level, while improving the technical characteristics of the unit and the operator’s working conditions.

A 6-section hydraulic distributor with built-in safety valves ensures smooth movement and switching operations, and accuracy of operation;
Automatic protective systems for protection in case of operator errors;
Levers and other controls are located at a convenient distance for the operator;
Possibility of combining operations, saving time and labor costs.

Types of buckets EO 2621

The main and main working tool of an excavator is a bucket. Apart from hydraulic equipment, the main functions are volume and shape. The bucket volume of the EO 2621 excavator varies from 0.25 to 0.28 m³. It can be equipped with different types of teeth, which are made of more durable and abrasion-resistant steel. Its purpose depends on the shape of the tooth:

Standard
Reinforced - for harder ground
Ripper
Trenching - digging trenches at an angle of 90˚
Profile - digging trenches with a given slope angle
Rocky
Loading

Models of domestic excavators are as close as possible to local natural working conditions, and are also economically feasible for repairs, replacement of parts and fuel.
Single-bucket part-turn universal

The EO-2621 excavator is mounted on the chassis of a wheeled tractor.

The rotating part and working equipment are controlled using

. The following is used as working equipment:

straight or backhoe
grab and forks.

Straight shovel:

develop soil in small faces
clean the bottom and walls of the pit
Load bulk and lump materials.

Backhoe:

digging trenches for laying cables and storing root crops
digging small pits.

loading piece materials
lay pipelines
uprooting small stumps
they put up pillars
medium sized trees are planted
perform installation work when repairing machines.

The bucket is used to load low-density materials, while the forks are used to load garbage, steel shavings and other loads weighing up to 400 kg.

A strapping frame is attached to the tractor

and
frame of bulldozer equipment
. A rotating column is installed on the frame, to which the boom is attached.

The boom is raised and lowered using a hydraulic cylinder. The handle with the bucket is rotated using hydraulic cylinders. The bucket rotates relative to the lower hinge of the hydraulic cylinder handle.

Rotation of the working equipment is possible by 160°.

The excavator is equipped with a blade, which also serves as a counterweight.

To increase stability while digging, the excavator is equipped with outriggers

with hydraulic drive. The excavator is controlled from the cabin using hydraulic valves.

To install a backhoe, the bucket is installed with its teeth outward and with the help of additional rods

secured to the lower fork of the handle. The hydraulic cylinder rods are attached to the lower arm bracket. The bottom of the bucket is pivotally connected to its body and can be opened for unloading using a hydraulic cylinder.

The body of the slewing column with working equipment is turned using a chain

, enveloping the star. The ends of the chain are connected to the rods of two single-acting hydraulic cylinders.

When one of them is turned on, the rod turns the steering column body through a chain in the corresponding direction.

1 — bulldozer blade; 2 — hydraulic cylinder of the bulldozer blade; 3 — bulldozer frame; 4 — fuel tank; 5 - tractor; 6 — hydraulic system tank; 7 - pumping group; 8 — cabin; 9 - frame; 10 — seat; 11 — distributors; 12 — rotation mechanism; 13 — hydraulic cylinder of the handle; 14 — handle; 15 — bucket hydraulic cylinder; 16 - ladle; 17 — boom hydraulic cylinder; 18 - arrow. 19 — connecting pipelines; 20 — rotary column; 21 — hydraulic cylinders; 22 — outrigger.

Device

The ordinary YuMZ-6 tractor of draft class 1.4, the prototype of which is the MTZ tractor, became the basis for several modifications of YuMZ excavator-loading equipment. The traditional semi-frame base consists of a strapping frame and a bulldozer support frame. To operate the working equipment, a rotary column and a boom with a bucket are used. Drives of working equipment are hydraulic.

The basic design uses piston hydraulic cylinders. Both hydraulic drives are completely independent devices, the operation of which is ensured by one tank. The functioning of the boom and bucket in the YuMZ excavator is ensured by one of the hydraulic drives using a distributor and pumps. The second hydraulic drive ensures the operation of the bulldozer shovel, supports and turning mechanism.

The popularity of this equipment is explained by its versatility and the fact that most of the attachments are unified. Small dimensions make it possible to operate in urban environments, or in areas where access to large construction equipment is limited. The wheelbase ensures the excavator's mobility and good maneuverability.

dimensions

length - 4165 mm;
width - 1884 mm;
cabin height - 2485 mm;
longitudinal base - 2450 mm;
the track is adjustable within the range of 1400-1800 mm;
operating weight depending on configuration and model - 3200, 3400, 3700, 3900 kg.

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Excavator YuMZ: technical characteristics

The excavator, produced on the basis of the YuMZ tractor, has undergone virtually no modifications over the several decades of its existence. The line of YuMZ excavator models is represented by equipment that does not differ significantly from each other in the power of the engines and hydraulic system, as well as in dimensions and load capacity. YuMZ excavators belong to the class of medium-heavy universal equipment, which is actively used by domestic agricultural, road construction and municipal enterprises.

Purpose of the YuMZ excavator

Initially, the YuMZ excavator was used to perform various work in agriculture. With the addition of some modifications and functions of the model line of this equipment, the machine turned into a full-fledged universal backhoe loader.

Based on a reliable and powerful tractor, it is used to perform tasks in difficult climatic conditions and harmful environmental influences without loss of performance:

digging trenches, pits and ditches;
loading and unloading of various types of cargo;
leveling the territory with multi-level relief;
development and loosening of rocky soils in quarries;
clearing the area of debris or snow;
dismantling of buildings;
installation of simple single-level reinforced concrete structures;
drilling of the wells;
performing field agricultural work related to cultivation, loosening of soil and harvesting.

The YuMZ excavator is adapted to operate under critical temperature conditions. When performing a task in sub-zero temperatures, it is capable of loosening frozen soil. The power characteristics of the hydraulics and engine are sufficient to easily open the asphalt surface.

Basic structure of YuMZ excavators

The basic design uses piston hydraulic cylinders. Both hydraulic drives are completely independent devices, the operation of which is ensured by one tank. The functioning of the boom and bucket in the YuMZ excavator is ensured by one of the hydraulic drives using a distributor and pumps. The second hydraulic drive ensures the operation of the bulldozer shovel, supports and turning mechanism.

Kinematic and hydraulic diagram of the EO 2621 excavator

Other positive features that the 2621 excavator has include the following:

– highest mobility;

– the ability to quickly change any working elements;

– small size, which makes it possible to effectively use this excavator in limited conditions and on unstable soils;

– ease of control of the working elements and the wheelbase itself.

As for the individual technical characteristics of the working base of the EO 2621 excavators, they can be viewed in the section where specific models are described in detail. But for the sake of fairness, it should be noted that previously excavators based on YuMZ were more common, but today you can increasingly see MTZ equipped with a bucket and blade. Although YuMZ-6 and MTZ-82 have the same traction class of 1.4, modern models of the Minsk Tractor Plant more meet the requirements of the “new time” and are more popular among consumers. As for specific manufacturers of EO 2621 excavators, there are quite a lot of them. Today they are assembled both at small specialized enterprises with a short assembly cycle, and at large factories, such as the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant.

The EO 2621 excavator, the price of which in most cases does not exceed a million, is primarily a budget excavator

. Compared to other similar types of special equipment, it has the lowest price, but at the same time is not inferior to its competitors in performance characteristics.

The YuMZ-6 excavator is built on the basis of a tractor of the same name, produced from 1970 to 2001 by the Southern Machine-Building Plant. Wheeled vehicles were intended for agricultural work. During production, several modifications of the YuMZ-6 were produced, including the YuMZ-6KL excavator.

YuMZ excavators are universal equipment for earthmoving work

A distinctive feature of the working unit is its small dimensions; in addition, such transport is quite versatile, thanks to the presence of several replaceable bucket attachments, as well as a loader and a grab of different sizes. The grab can be used for loading bulk materials, straw, fertilizers and other cargo. A unified excavator shovel is used for digging holes, ditches, trenches on various soils (earth, clay, light salt marsh, crushed stone, slag, etc.), and also has a loading hook and a bulldozer for raking.

Thanks to the above qualities, with the help of this type of special equipment, it is possible to carry out work processes in sectors that are difficult to reach for other equipment. The high performance qualities of a mechanical vehicle are also of great importance, namely the reliability and durability of the equipment equipped with the Yumz excavator. Technical spare parts are made only from high quality structural steels.

The model type of excavator Yumz 6 is mainly used when carrying out excavation work in soils of categories 1-4, or for loading various types of raw materials and materials that have both a solid structure and a loosened base. A common filling tank ensures the operation of two independent hydraulic drives, the first of which, using gear pumps and a distributor, ensures the operation of the boom, arm and bucket, the second is responsible for the turning mechanism, bulldozer and outriggers. Piston type hydraulic cylinders are used.

An excavator of this type can also be used in the form of a crane or hydraulic hammer, is equipped with forks, and, if necessary, the backhoe can be reinstalled into a direct attachment. YuMZ 6 excavator, the technical characteristics of which are at a high level, is not inferior to other analogues of domestic and imported production. Due to its small dimensions, compared to heavier equipment, this vehicle is maneuverable, while ensuring the performance of work at the level of larger and stronger models. Its operating weight is 6600 kg, the unloading height reaches 3.2 m, the bucket capacity is 0.28 cubic meters, the digging radius reaches 5.3 m, the maximum digging depth reaches 2.3 m.