Using a vacuum pump for a sewer machine

Vacuum pumps have found their application on sewage disposal machines, the main task of which is cleaning storm sewers and pumping sewage from cesspools (toilets) and settling tanks, with the exception of explosive, aggressive and flammable substances.

In fact, pumping occurs using an intake hose, due to the vacuum created in the tank of the machine, which is created by a special vacuum pump, such as KO-503, 503v, 505, 514.

As a rule, such equipment is used by public utilities or industrial enterprises.

Type of vacuum equipment

• A low vacuum pump is used when pressure needs to be reduced. In addition, the equipment creates pressure, which is typical for low vacuum.
• High vacuum – used when operating a system with low pressure. This system usually includes two pumps connected in a row.
• Booster – installed in the middle of the high-vacuum and fore-vacuum pumps. This combination makes it possible to balance the outlet and inlet pressure of the above equipment.
• Forevacuum – used to maintain high vacuum. Thanks to this feature, the equipment is able to provide the specified pumping parameters.
• Preliminary vacuum - used in cases where it is necessary to reduce the pressure in the pumped volume from atmospheric to a point that allows another vacuum pump to operate.

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How to extend the life of equipment and its parts

The tips below will help reduce wear and tear on the pump itself and all its parts. This will make it possible to save on repairs and diagnostics to identify pump breakdowns. The main thing to adhere to is to ensure that the lubricant is supplied in sufficient quantities.

How much oil does the pump need?

The vacuum pump KO-503 spends approximately 120 g during its operation. oil every hour. It is easy to measure the required amount of oil if you count its volume in drops that enter the lubrication system every minute. It is necessary to receive twelve drops of oil every minute. If you measure the oil consumption and it does not correspond to what is written above, you need to adjust the oil consumption using a special screw on the housing.

It is important to drain used oil on time, because... any equipment clogged with used oils overheats, its power decreases, and the pump itself quickly wears out. The use of used oil as a new lubricant is strictly prohibited. Before filling the tank with fresh oil, flush the oil tank. The preferred and well-proven brand of oil is compressor K-12 grade GOST 10877-76.

Good to know so as not to overpay for warranty repairs

To maintain the warranty, before installing the pump on equipment, you need to disassemble the pump pipeline and then wash it. Otherwise, if, as part of a pump failure, it turns out that the breakdown was caused by a foreign object from the pipeline, warranty repairs will have to be paid for.

Operating parameters

Among other parameters is the pumping speed, which determines the volume pumped out in a specific unit of time. In addition, the velocity is taken into account in a certain section at the pressure that was measured in this section.

The speed calculation is made in the input section of the operating equipment. The maximum starting pressure is the permissible pressure value at the inlet section of the equipment at which the pump can begin the operating cycle.

The maximum outlet pressure occurs at the outlet section of the equipment when the pump is still pumping out. The highest operating pressure is the permissible pressure in the pump inlet, thanks to which it maintains its nominal operating speed for a long time.

The maximum residual pressure is the pressure to which, indefinitely approaching, but never reaching it, the pressure in a standard test volume tends to with stably operating equipment.

The maximum productivity of equipment for liquid vapor determines the maximum amount of liquid vapor in weight units. The specified volume of liquid can be pumped out with a vacuum pump over a long period of time.

The maximum possible vapor pressure of a liquid is the maximum pressure measured at the inlet section of the pump. With the indicated pressure, gas ballast equipment can pump out liquid vapor for a long time.

The amount of pump compression determines the ratio of the volumes occupied by gases during the compression process in positive displacement pumps.

Vacuum pump for sewer truck

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To clean cesspools in an autonomous sewer system or remove blockages in centralized systems, a sewer truck is used. This technique helps keep communications in working order and in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. The main working element is the vacuum pump for the sewer truck. It operates on the principles of differential pressure. Using the properties of a vacuum, it pumps out the contents of the sewer.

Pump in a sewer truck

During the process, the pump does not interact with liquids; they pass through the hose. The system operates under heavy loads, so the sewer tank is made of durable, mechanically resistant materials. There are many types of pumps, mainly they differ in their ability to work with liquids of different degrees of contamination. But before you start pumping using any of the models, you must first prepare the environment, since a sudden creation of vacuum pressure can cause the device to malfunction. The sewer truck consists of the following modules:

• tank for collecting and transporting sewer liquids;
• Vacuum pump;
• a device that controls the filling of the tank;
• hose tap;
• hatch and hose for receiving waste.

Model KO-503

This pump is mounted on a sewer truck, which allows you to pump out sewage. For a diesel car, it is necessary to purchase equipment with right-hand rotary rotation.

Whereas a carburetor machine should be equipped with equipment with left-hand rotation.

To determine the direction of rotation, you need to look at the arrow shown on the body. In addition, if you look from the end side of the shaft, if it twists clockwise, this will mean that the torsion is right-handed, but if it’s the other way around, then it’s left-handed.

The equipment is created on the principle of capacitive vacuum air injection, as well as generating capacitive vacuum inside.

The tanks used are usually mounted on the GAZ-3309, 53 base.

In addition, the pump is used in PCF-3, PCF-4 tanks, which allows you to pump out or pump sewage inside. When using the equipment you must:

• guarantee the adjusted oil supply using the pump lubrication system;
• replace worn blades in a timely manner;
• Do not allow the pump to operate non-stop for more than 60 minutes.

The pump parameters allow it to operate in the temperature range from -20 to +40°C. Thanks to the vacuum created by the pump, the container is filled or emptied.

It should be noted that the pump body is made of cast iron. It is covered with caps with bearings that actually allow rotary rotation.

Blades are mounted in the rotor grooves. The pump body also has holes through which the equipment is lubricated.

In addition, an oil tank is attached to the frame, from where lubricant in the required volume, regulated by special screws, is supplied to lubricate the parts.

The marking KO-503 0214100 indicates that this is a pump with left-hand rotor torsion, while KO-503 0214100-02 indicates a pump with right-hand torsion.

Possible malfunctions and ways to eliminate them

It is better to entrust repair of the sewer pump to a qualified service center technician. This will help avoid serious mistakes and prolong the operation of the product. However, in practice, it happens that urgent equipment repairs have to be done with your own hands.

Before disassembling the KO-503 pump, you should carefully study the device and possible malfunctions of the unit:

1. Extraneous sounds inside the pump. The reason is the destruction of the bearings or the appearance of potholes on the inner wall of the tank. In this case, the bearings are replaced or the inner wall of the pump is bored.
2. The vacuum pump to 503 does not pump. The reasons for this phenomenon are the textolite blades, which, due to mechanical wear, do not fit tightly to the inner wall. The only solution is to replace the blades.
3. Insufficient pump vacuum. A common cause is a leak in the connecting fittings.
4. Excessive overheating of the pump (more than 60 degrees). Two options are insufficient lubrication or dust and dirt getting into the mechanism. The device should be dismantled, cleaned and provided with additional lubrication.

Source

Pump operation

The process of using the pump requires compliance with certain conditions. In particular, it is necessary:

• keep the pump clean;
• carry out systematic flushing of the lubrication system, while filling it exclusively with purified oil;
• control oil consumption. The basic operating mode of the equipment requires an average of 90 g/hour.

Attention! The use of processed oils is prohibited. Non-stop operation of pumping equipment for more than 60 minutes is not allowed!

Equipment properties

The list of main properties includes the following:

• power consumption – 6 kW;
• output – 240 m³/h;
• indicated number of revolutions – 1450 rpm;
• direction of rotor torsion – left, right;
• maximum vacuum – 0.085 MPa;
• ultimate compression – 0.06 MPa;
• maximum temperature conditions of the equipment – ​​80 °C;
• efficiency factor – 0.8-0.9;
• weight – 90 kg.

Dimensions:

• length – 47 cm;
• width – 28 cm;
• height – 22.5 cm.

Cost - 12 thousand rubles.

Possible faults

Possible malfunctions may include the following:

• tight rotary rotation;
• drop in throughput;
• knocking on the pump;
• case overheating;
• interruptions in oil supply;
• low pump vacuum.

There are several main reasons that lead to malfunctions.

Stiff rotor rotation occurs due to inaccurate assembly of the pump. A drop in throughput occurs due to worn out or dirty rotor blades.

A knock in the pump indicates that the bearings are worn out, the blades are sunken, the inner side of the body has been subjected to mechanical impact from blades up to 0.2 cm deep, while the standard height of the blades is 3.7 cm.

Overheating of the housing occurs due to lack of lubrication or contamination of the pumping unit.

Interruptions in oil supply , as a rule, indicate that air is being sucked into the connecting fasteners or dirt has entered.

A weak pump vacuum occurs when the tightness of the connecting fasteners is weakened, the blades sink, and the rotor rubs against the pump cover.

Methods to eliminate the above reasons may be as follows:

1. with tight rotary rotation, the pump must be disassembled, washed and reassembled;
2. the drop in throughput can be eliminated by replacing worn parts; in case of jamming, wash the parts;
3. if a knock is detected in the pump, you need to replace the bearings, blades or casing;
4. overheating of the housing indicates the need to fill the system with lubricant, disassemble the equipment, wash parts, clean the pipeline;
5. if there are interruptions in the oil supply, tighten the connecting fasteners and bleed the dropper with air;
6. in the case of weak pump vacuum, you need to tighten the connecting fasteners, remove the rotor and wash the parts, check the height of the blades.

Design and characteristic features of the unit

The KO-503 vacuum pump unit is used for pumping out septic tanks, clearing sewer blockages and other types of work. The design consists of a steel body, a rotor with independent bearings, and technical blades made using textolite. The rotating pump rotor creates a vacuum of air, as a result of which the liquid enters the suction hose.

Also, one of the options for high-quality equipment for pumping septic tanks is the Gilex 260/10N

Using K0-503, tanks and other containers are filled and emptied. The pump itself does not come into contact with liquids, since they pass through special hoses and sleeves.

The KO-503 pumping apparatus has the following characteristics:

• maximum power consumption – 6.0 kW;
• productivity 20 m3/h;
• rotation speed of the rotor mechanism – 1450 rpm;
• operating pressure – 0.6 MPa;
• Efficiency – 0.9.

The additional equipment that the unit is equipped with helps perform all the functions assigned to it for pumping out liquid waste, and is called connecting fittings.

Pump KO-505A

This pump serves to generate capacitive air injection and excess intracapacitive pressure. The equipment is mounted on the basis of ZIL, MAZ, KAMAZ, URAL.

The operating temperature of the KO-505 pump is from -20 to +40 °C. Filling and emptying of containers occurs due to the discharge of the pump.

The frame of the pump is made of cast iron, which is closed using lids. These covers contain bearings, due to which rotary rotation occurs.

The rotor grooves contain built-in textolite blades. The pump is also equipped with a lubrication system, which ensures forced lubrication of the equipment, so before starting operation it is necessary to adjust the oil flow.

Pump parameters

The list of main properties includes the following:

• power consumption – 9 kW;
• output – 310 m³/h;
• indicated number of revolutions – 1150 rpm;
• direction of rotor torsion – left, right;
• maximum vacuum – 0.085 MPa;
• ultimate compression – 0.06 MPa;
• maximum temperature conditions of the equipment – ​​80 °C;
• efficiency factor – 0.8-0.9;
• weight – 110 kg;

Dimensions:

• length – 52 cm;
• width – 30 cm;
• height – 29 cm;

Cost – 12 thousand 900 rubles.

Prices and repair procedures

Call a specialist or send a request by mail to send the KO-505, KO-503, KO-510 pump for repair or buy spare parts. You send it by a convenient transport company to a repair shop in Kharkov, Zaporozhye, Kyiv. We carry out troubleshooting, approve the estimate, and determine the cost of repairing the CO pump. The price range for repairing a vacuum rotary vane pump is from 2 to 10 thousand UAH. In order to quickly repair, we keep in stock spare parts for sewage pumps (blades, bearings, covers, cuffs).

Source of the article: https://vakum.com.ua/stati/remont-nasosov-ko-503-ko-505-i-ko-510/

Pump KO-510

The pump of this brand is suitable for machines with left-hand and right-hand rotation such as KO-510, 520, 523. In addition, such pumps are mounted on the basis of GAZ, ZIL, KAMAZ, MAZ, URAL.

This combination allows for manipulations with capacitive compression at operating temperatures from -20 to +40 °C. The arrow shown on the body makes it possible to determine the rotation of the pump.

The operating principle of the equipment is still based on the injection of air, as well as the generation of a capacitive vacuum inside. This is how sewage is dumped and pumped inside.

Two marking types of pumping equipment are standardly produced: KO-510 0216000-04 – right-hand torsion pump, and KO-510 0216000-05 – left-hand torsion pump.

Sequence of actions when disassembling the pump

The KO-503 pump is disassembled by performing the following steps:

• dismantling the protective casing;
• dismantling the intermediate bearing;
• removing the pulley from the pump rotor;
• unscrew the four bolts securing the pump to the frame;
• using lifters, remove the pump from the frame;
• unscrew the bolts securing the front cover of the pump to the housing;
• removing the front cover from the pins;
• screwing two M10 bolts evenly into the holes (do not knock on the cover);
• in the same sequence, remove the back cover from the pins and pull it out together with the rotor from the pump housing;
• dismantling the rear bearing cover;
• remove the rotor from the back cover.

After the dismantling described above, all spare parts need to be washed in kerosene (any other washing liquid will do). Then you should inspect them for defects and, if possible, eliminate them. If this is not possible, you will have to purchase new spare parts.