With a heart from KamAZ: how the Ural-4320 received a diesel engine and became the main army heavy truck

Ural 4320 truck technical specifications

Ural 4320 is an all-wheel drive three-axle truck with a 6 by 6 wheel arrangement and increased cross-country ability. The model is manufactured by the Ural Automobile Plant (Miass, Chelyabinsk region). In the manufacturer’s line, the equipment replaced the Ural 375. In many elements, the Ural 4320 is unified with its predecessor, but has improved characteristics and a more modern design. Production of the model started in 1977 and continued until the fall of 2022, after which it was replaced by the Ural Next car. It is noteworthy that export modifications of the Ural 4320 are still produced in small quantities. We are talking about military versions that are purchased by countries in Latin America, Asia and Africa.

Story

For a long time, the Ural 375 remained the main product of the Ural Automobile Plant. However, the fuel consumption of the car was enormous - about 50-70 l/100 km. Even for multifunctional military equipment, such an indicator was considered prohibitive, so experts thought about developing a more practical version. The first work in this direction began in the mid-1960s, but the final stage had to wait quite a long time. Serial production of the Ural 4320 started only in November 1977. At the same time, it was decided to abandon the development and implementation of a new diesel engine by Ural specialists; all work was carried out jointly with the Yaroslavl Motor Plant, which at that time was considered the leader in the USSR engine manufacturing segment.

In the 1970-1975s, new transmissions and engines were tested. In 1973, testing of prototype versions began, and in the winter of 1977, preparation of design documentation for large-scale production of equipment began. Despite the appearance of the Ural 4320, the Ural 375 was not abandoned. For several more years it was produced in parallel with its successor.

Initially, the new product was equipped with a KamAZ 740 diesel engine, but after a severe fire at the Kama Automobile Plant in 1993, supplies of the unit ceased. The shortage of diesel engines led to the fact that in 1993-1994 some versions were equipped with ZIL 375 carburetor units. These modifications were practically no different from the Ural 375D, the difference was only in the tail of the engine compartment. Subsequently, YaMZ 236 and YaMZ 238 engines began to be installed in the Ural 4320. Until 2000, models with a more powerful unit had an elongated engine compartment, versions with YaMZ 236 retained the same shape.

In the 1990s, the Ural 4320 acquired a wide bumper with headlights. Plastic plugs were installed at the previous headlight mounting points. Modifications with a narrow bumper were available for the Ministry of Defense. In 1996, production of a two-axle version of the Ural 43206 (4 by 2) with a similar design and lower weight began.

In 2009, the Ural 4320 premiered with an Iveco “P” cabover cab with an interesting rounded hood. The production of this modification in small batches continued until 2014.

With the transition to Euro-4 standard units, the car’s engine range has changed. The previous versions were replaced by YaMZ 536 and YaMZ 6565 motors.

In 2014, the Ural 4320 was modernized. The new model was named Ural-M, but retained the old type of cabin. A year later, an improved version of the Ural Next appeared with an original new generation cabin and improved components.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS URAL-43202

Content

1. Characteristics of the place of work…………………………………………..….3

1.1. Types of activities……………………………………………………….3

1.2. Legal address………………………………………………………3

2. Rolling stock…………………………………………………….….….3

2.1 Characteristics of two cars…………………………….…….….3-8

2.2Organizational staffing structure of a repair platoon………………..……8-11

2.3 Organization of maintenance and repair…………………11-31

References……………………………………………………………………..……..33

6454094579 was registered at the address 410012, SARATOV REGION, SARATOV CITY, SARATOV-63 TERRITORY. The organization was registered on November 17, 2009. The organization was issued the All-Russian State Registration Number - 1096454003601. The head is the HEAD of the FKU "MILITARY UNIT 25623" SERGEY VASILIEVICH MURENKY. According to the documents, the main type of activity is Activities related to ensuring military security.

The automotive equipment staff includes various types of weapons and military equipment, for consideration I suggest taking KAMAZ-5350 and URAL-43202

Technical characteristics KamAZ-5350 is a three-axle front-engine model with permanent all-wheel drive, 6x6 wheel arrangement, front steering axle and rear axles close together. The vehicle's curb weight is 9.1 tons, and its maximum load capacity is 6 tons. The maximum permissible load on the front axle is 5250 kg, on the rear bogie - 10600 kg. KamAZ-5350 can be used for transporting cargo with a trailer with a total weight of 12 tons, as well as for working as part of a road train weighing 27,850 kg.

Engine

Even when fully loaded, the KamAZ-5350 is capable of accelerating to 100 km/h, which is a fairly high figure for trucks. Excellent dynamic characteristics are provided by this model with a powerful diesel engine KAMAZ-740.30.260. It is an 8-cylinder, four-stroke, overhead valve V-type unit with a volume of 10.85 liters and a power of 260 hp. with liquid cooling and turbocharging. In terms of environmental indicators, the motor corresponds to the EVRO-2 level. The average fuel consumption is 27 liters per 100 km. The truck is equipped with two tanks of 125 and 170 liters, which allow you to cover a distance of 1000 km without refueling. The “appetite” of a car is naturally influenced by road conditions and speed.

Transmission

The KamAZ-5350 is equipped with a 10-speed manual transmission and a 2-speed transfer case, which provides torque distribution to the front steered axle and a two-axle rear bogie. The rear axle is driven by a cardan shaft coming from the middle axle. Gear shifting is carried out using a dry disc friction clutch with a hydraulic drive and a pneumatic booster. The vehicle's high cross-country ability is ensured by a differential locking system between the wheels of the rear axle.

Suspension

KamAZ-5350 is equipped with a dependent suspension. The front axle is equipped with longitudinal leaf semi-elliptic springs and telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear bogie is equipped with a spring-balance suspension, with two longitudinal leaf springs, which are rigidly mounted on the side member, and a pair of telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers. This suspension design contributes to a softer and smoother ride, as well as a reduction in the vertical movement of the vehicle’s supporting frame when one wheel hits an obstacle. Plus, it ensures good adhesion of the wheels to the road surface, reduces the overall level of dynamic impact on the frame and prevents premature wear of components and parts of the chassis.

Brake system

KamAZ-5350 has service, parking, spare and auxiliary brake systems. Although these systems have common elements, they operate independently of each other. This solution allows for effective braking in any operating conditions. The function of the service brake system is to reduce the speed or completely stop the vehicle. Its brake mechanisms are present on all wheels. The brake mechanisms of the front axle and rear bogie are separately driven by a pneumatic dual-circuit drive, which is controlled by a foot pedal connected to the brake valve. The role of the drive actuators is played by the brake chambers. Spare brakes are designed to duplicate the functions of the service brake system in the event of its partial or complete failure. The parking brake is integral with the spare brake system. To turn it on, the handle of the manual tap is fixed in the uppermost position. The auxiliary brake system reduces the load and temperature of the brake elements of the working vehicle. It is an engine retarder that closes the exhaust pipes of the power unit and turns off the fuel supply. KamAZ-5350 is also equipped with an emergency brake release drive, which ensures the resumption of its movement in the event of automatic braking and stopping caused by a compressed air leak.

Platform

As already mentioned, the KamAZ-5350 is a multi-purpose all-wheel drive truck designed for transporting all kinds of cargo and people, as well as installing various weapons systems or civil equipment. In the basic version, it is equipped with an open metal side platform with folding sides 750 mm high. Platform length – 4890 mm and width – 2470 mm. The universal design of the platform makes it easy to install a frame and an awning or protected multifunctional modules for transporting soldiers with the ability to conduct combat.

Cross-country ability

KamAZ-5350 The perfect design of the KamAZ-5350 provides it with high off-road capabilities and excellent maneuverability. The dimensional characteristics of the car are as follows: overall dimensions – 7950 mm (length), 2550 mm (width) and 3110 mm (height); wheelbase – 3340 mm + 1320 mm; front wheel track – 2050 mm, rear – 2550 mm. Despite its impressive dimensions, the truck's outer turning radius is only 11.3 m, which allows maneuvers in confined spaces. The high ground clearance of 390 mm provides the vehicle with the ability to overcome ditches 0.6 m deep, climbs at an angle of 31 degrees and fords 1.75 m deep. KamAZ-5350 is equipped with 310-533 wheels and wide-profile tires 425/85 R21. The operating air pressure in the tires is regulated using a special system. Due to the additional support area, the truck can easily move through sand, snow and soft soils.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS URAL-43202

Since the Ural-4320 was originally planned as a vehicle for military service, it received an optimal safety margin and is repairable in any conditions. The simplicity of the design also played an important role. There are enough variations of engines - here you can get 230 hp, 240 hp, and 250 horsepower YaMZ. In principle, you can make a custom-made package with a YaMZ-7601 with 300 horsepower and a 5-speed gearbox.

Not without a hydraulic booster. The engines are equipped with a pre-heater - they fully comply with the Euro-3 standard. The Ural-4320 is capable of taking 300 liters of diesel fuel on board at once, although some models are distinguished by the presence of an assistant for 60 liters. The truck consumes 42 liters of diesel fuel per 100 km at a speed of 60 km/h.

TRANSMISSION

The wheel formula is 6x6. 4320 has high cross-country ability, which can be achieved using single-pitch wheels with automated adjustment of air filling of the chambers on all wheels. The suspension installed in front is dependent and rests on semi-elliptical springs with double-acting shock absorbers. There are also dependent ones at the rear and they are located on springs with reaction rods. The Ural-4320 has all axles (there are only 3) driven. The wheels that are in front and which are also controlled by the steering wheel have CV joints. The YaMZ-182 clutch has a friction drive, where the pneumatic amplifier is located, and has one disk with a diaphragm pull-type spring.

With a 2-speed manual transfer case, front-wheel drive is always on. The manual transmission of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant contains 5 gears with a locked center differential, and is perfectly synchronized. So, it allows you to get 10 gears for forward movement and a couple of speeds for reverse. The transfer case contains a center locking differential, which distributes torque between the drive front axle and a pair of drive axles at the rear in a ratio of 1 to 2.

These gearboxes are controlled mechanically. Cardan transmission – 4 cardan shafts. The main gear of the drive axles is double, containing a pair of bevel gears and a pair of cylindrical gears. The robust bumper at the front and rear has been fitted with strong towing devices in the form of hooks and a tow bar on the frame, enhancing the truck's technical capabilities.

BRAKE SYSTEM

It includes two systems: a 2-circuit working vehicle and a spare single-circuit vehicle. In addition, there is an auxiliary function of brakes with pneumatic drive from the exhaust system. The braking system is mechanical and has a brake drum on the transfer case. The parking brake design is of a drum type, installed on the output shaft of the transfer case.

MOTOR

The Ural-4320-10 was made to move by a couple of varieties of power units:

§ Diesel eight-cylinder KamAZ-740.10 (also used on LAZ-4202 buses), the power of which was 230 horses, the volume was 10.85 liters;

§ Yaroslavsky (YaMZ-226) - a diesel engine with 180 horsepower;

§ YaMZ-236NE2 (230 horses) – volume 11.15 liters (four-stroke, turbocharged);

§ YaMZ-238M2 (240 horses);

§ YaMZ-236BE2 (250 horses);

§ YaMZ-7601 (300 horses) – on order.

The KamAZ-740 engine is smaller in size and lighter in weight compared to the YaMZ-238, and it also has a higher crankshaft rotation speed. At low air temperatures, the KAMAZ power unit starts well, which is ensured by the use of a strong starter, batteries whose power has been increased, good motor oil and a starting heater. The power unit is driven by a fuel injection pump (high pressure fuel pump).

YaMZ-238 is a four-stroke engine that has an electric flare device for starting in cold seasons. There is one interesting nuance - before the engine stops operating, it must idle for one or two minutes.

The motors fully meet European Euro-3 standards. On board, an off-road truck can take about 300 liters of fuel. Some models have an additional 60 liter tank. Diesel fuel consumption in the Urals (with a road train) with engines from the Yaroslavl Motor Plant at a speed of 40 km/h is 31 (36) liters, at 60 km/h – 35 (42). The maximum speed is 85 km/h. When operating on heavy soil, the volume of diesel fuel increases to 50-55 liters. The cruising range is 1040 kilometers, and it can overcome ascents fully loaded to 58%. In addition, the truck can overcome fords, the depth of which is up to 1.5 meters.

To organize the maintenance and ongoing repair of automotive equipment both in stationary and field conditions, a repair unit “Repair Platoon” was introduced into the staff of military unit 25623 in 2014.

1Next ⇒


Purpose

The main purpose of the Ural 4320 is to transport people and cargo, tow various equipment and trailers on roads of any type and on rough terrain. Thanks to the 6 by 6 wheel design, impressive ground clearance and powerful unit, the car confidently overcomes swampy areas and has enormous off-road potential.

The Ural 4320 chassis is used as a base for assembling curtain-sided and flatbed trucks with different wheelbase lengths. Pipe carriers, crew buses with 22 or 30 seats, special vehicles for gas and oil production, fuel tankers, tank trucks, municipal and road equipment, military vehicles and fire engines have also been created based on the model.

Ural 4320, equipped with a hydraulic manipulator, allows you to unload and load timber and assortments without the use of special equipment. The unique design allows for efficient operation of equipment in areas with temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees (all the way from the southern deserts to the Far North). The equipment itself is characterized by a huge margin of safety, simplicity of design and high maintainability.

Modernization.

At the beginning of the 2000s, based on the cabin body of serial Ural vehicles, modifications were carried out, in particular regarding the level of comfort with an increase in cabin capacity. Now it has been lengthened by six hundred millimeters, adding the function of folding out the passenger seats, which were deliberately moved back in relation to the driver’s, which made it possible to create space for rest and places for things. Thus, the truck could also go on long-distance flights.

By 2002, the Ural enterprise began serial production of the Ural - 4320 -40, Ural - 4320 - 41 car models, as well as a modified 6*6 wheel formula with a YaMZ - 236NE 2 power unit, which met all Euro II environmental standards.

The designers of the Ural should be given credit for the fact that they were able to preserve the mounting and separation dimensions of the chassis, the main characteristics that were the “genetic” heritage of the models from the Ural line. In terms of engine efficiency, it was possible to reduce consumption by eight percent.

Moreover, the manufacturer began producing car models with ABS brakes, for example, modifications that transport fuel and shift buses. The entire rest of the model line had its original purpose in harsh local realities and off-road conditions, with ABS relying on the discretion of the customer. And in order to increase the off-road capabilities of trucks in significantly difficult terrain, the manufacturer created a new type of axle with a locking center differential.

0

Qн = 0.01 x (Hsan x S + Hw x W) x (1 + 0.01 x D)

where Qн is the standard fuel consumption of a URAL van, l; S—van mileage, km; Hsan - fuel consumption rate for the van's mileage in running order without cargo;

For URAL vans operating without taking into account the weight of the cargo being transported, the normalized value of fuel consumption is determined taking into account an increasing correction factor - up to 10% of the base standard.

The URAL fuel consumption rates are necessary for the work of the ATP and organizations related to the vehicle management and control system, individual entrepreneurs (IE) using automotive equipment and special rolling stock on the chassis of URAL buses, calculating the standard value of the URAL fuel consumption rates at the place of consumption, for maintaining statistical and economic reporting.

Modifications

• Ural 4320 – chassis with a classic metal cabin and a load capacity of 7-9 tons;
• Ural 4320-19 – version with an extended base and a load capacity of 12 tons;
• Ural 43203 – chassis with reinforced suspension in the front;
• Ural 43204 – chassis with increased load capacity for a pipe hauling tractor;
• Ural 44202 is a truck tractor based on the Ural 4320, designed to work with a semi-trailer on any type of road;
• Ural 43206 is a lightweight version of the chassis with a 4 by 4 wheel arrangement.

Options for the tail and cockpit (Ural 4320):

• 40/41 – 3-seater all-metal 2-door cab (versions with a 4-door double cab have a similar index);
• 42/44 – 3-seater all-metal 2-door cabin with a berth;
• 48/58/59 – a more spacious and comfortable cabin with a sprung driver’s seat and plastic tail;
• 70/71/72/73/74/75 – Gazelle Next cabin module in 3- or 7-seat version.

Special IVECO cabover cabs are also available.

Army modifications:

• Ural 4320-09-31 - armored vehicles based on the Ural 4320-31 with armored glass, reinforced safe doors with locks with internal locking, a cabin made of armored sheets and firing embrasures. The roof, rear wall and floor are made of armored sheet. The cabin is designed for 2 people. The space vacated by the 3rd seat was used for installing chemical or radiation reconnaissance devices, radio stations and night vision devices. The fuel tank, hood and radiator “mask” are also armored. Optionally, a body with an armored module for 15-20 people is installed;
• Ural 4320-0010-31 (Ural E4320D-31) is an armored model of the “Motovoz-1” series with an armored module, designed for transporting goods, people and towing trailer systems. The equipment is manufactured on the basis of Ural 4320-31 (6 by 6). The car has increased protection against weapons and mines. The debut of Ural 4320-0010-31 took place in Bronnitsy at an exhibition of military equipment.

Ural car

Ural (6x6) vehicles with diesel engines YaMZ-236M2 and YaMZ-238M2 of JSC Avtodizel, Yaroslavl, a three-seat all-metal cabin located behind the engine, are designed for transporting goods, people and towing trailers on all types of roads and terrain. The basic models are the multi-purpose vehicles Ural-4320-10 and Ural-4320-31, created by modernizing the Ural-4320 vehicle, where the hyphens -10 and 31(30) indicate the engine model (YaMZ-236M2 or YaMZ-238M2, respectively) installed by car.

Ural vehicles are designed for operation at ambient temperatures ranging from plus 50 to minus 45 ˚С (short-term up to minus 50 ˚С).

Based on the Ural-4320-10 and Ural-4320-31 vehicles, the following modifications are produced:

— cars Ural-43202-10 and Ural-43202-3 1, for general transport purposes with a wooden platform;

— chassis Ural-4320-10, Ural 43202-10 and Ural-4320-31, Ural-43202-31, intended for completing special equipment;

— chassis Ural-43203-10 and Ural-43203-31 are designed for installation of van bodies;

— truck tractors Ural-4420-10 and Ural-4420-31 are designed for towing special semi-trailers on all types of roads and terrain;

— truck tractors Ural-44202-1О and Ural-44202-31 are designed for towing semi-trailers on all types of roads;

— vehicles Ural-4320-09 11-10 and Ural-4320-09 17-30 are intended for transporting property of the NZhM-56 floating bridge on all types of roads;

— the Ural-4320-0911-30 vehicle with an extended wheelbase is designed for transporting goods and people on all types of roads and terrain;

— chassis Ural—4320—1910—10, Ural—4320—1911—10, Ural—4320—1912—10 and Ural—4320—1910—30, Ural—4320—1911—30, Ural—4320—1912—30 s with an enlarged base they are used to complete special equipment;

— the Ural-4320-0710-10 vehicle is designed for transporting goods and towing special trailers (total weight up to 8500 kg), while the maximum vehicle speed is limited to 70 km/h, and the road train is limited to 65 km/h;

— the Ural-4320-0611-10 vehicle is equipped with a wooden platform without an awning and is intended for transporting goods.

Various products are also manufactured on the basis of Ural vehicles and chassis (tanks, truck cranes, oilfield equipment, van bodies, etc.).

The vehicle is marked on a nameplate attached to the right side panel of the cab in the area of ​​the threshold and on the right side member of the frame at the rear.

autoruk.ru

Specifications

Dimensions:

• length – 7588 mm;
• width – 2500 mm;
• height – 2785 mm;
• wheelbase – 3525 (+1400) mm;
• ground clearance - 400 mm;
• front track – 2000 mm;
• rear track – 2000 mm;
• turning radius (outer wheel/overall) – 10800/11400 mm.

The curb weight of the car varies from 8000 to 8700 kg. The standard version has a load capacity of 7000 kg. Total weight – 15205 kg. For the basic version, the load on the front axle is 4550 kg, on the rear axle – 3550 kg. Load distribution at full weight: front axle – 4635 kg, rear axle – 10570 kg.

Versions with a shortened length (7388 mm) and increased load capacity (10000 kg) are also available. The extended variation Ural 4320 has a length of 8980 mm, a wheelbase of 4555 mm. The carrying capacity of this modification is 12,000 kg, curb weight is 8,740 kg.

The standard body has the following dimensions:

Other characteristics:

• ford depth – 1600 mm;
• depth of surmountable ditches and ditches – up to 2000 mm;
• maximum lift – 60%;
• Fuel tank capacity – 300 l with the possibility of installing an additional tank of 60 l.

URAL-43202-10 – UralTech Holding

urth.ru

How to choose the right tires for a truck

Directional tread pattern According to experts, in order for a car to serve its owner for a long time, it is necessary to choose the right components, including tires:

• It is necessary to determine in which landscape areas the equipment will be primarily used. This is due to the fact that for each surface and degree of cross-country ability, rubber with a specific tread pattern is used. For example, if the truck is moving through difficult terrain, it would be best to use directional tires. For road driving, it is better to purchase tires with a checkerboard pattern.
• For off-road use, tires with adjustable pressure are recommended.
• When purchasing tires for a Ural truck, do not forget about winter and summer tire types.
• Experienced drivers pay attention to the quality of the rubber from which the tires are made. In addition, it is advised to purchase tires from trusted stores, preferably from the official office of the manufacturer.
• It is necessary to select tires for a truck in accordance with the characteristics specified in the vehicle's passport.

Choosing high-quality “shoes” for a car is the key to long-term operation of the car, easier passage both on smooth roads and in difficult places.

Engine

The Ural 4320 was equipped with various types of power plants:

KamAZ-740 has long been considered the basic unit of the series. The V-shaped “eight” provided excellent traction and was highly reliable. The engine design had much in common with the products of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant, but there were a number of obvious differences. Thus, each KamAZ-740 cylinder was equipped with a separate block head.

Characteristics of the KamAZ-740 engine:

• working volume – 10.86 l;
• rated speed – 2600 rpm;
• rated power – 154 (210) kW (hp);
• maximum torque – 650 Nm;
• compression ratio – 17.

URAL-43202-10 in Miass (Heavy duty trucks)

Description

Dimensions Wheelbase, mm 3525+1400 Length, mm 7615 Width, mm 2500 Height, mm 2735 External turning radius, m 11.4 Platform Internal dimensions, mm 4500x2326x715 Number of seats for transporting people - Weight, kg Loading capacity 7000/5000 * Permissible gross vehicle weight 1552 5/13525*Permissible gross vehicle weight-Curb weight distributionFront axle4065Rear axle (trolley) 4405 Gross weight distribution Front axle 4600 Rear axle (trolley) 10925 Weight of towed trailer (semi-trailer for tractor-trailers) 11500/7000 * Engine Engine power, kW (hp) 132 (180) Max. torque, Nm (kgf.m) 667 (68) Engine displacement, l 11.5 Engine type YaMZ-236M2 (V6 D) Compliance with environmental requirements Euro 0 Suspension Front Dependent on two longitudinal semi-elliptic springs, working in conjunction with double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers Rear Dependent on two semi-elliptic springs and suspensions , working in conjunction with double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers Transmission Gearbox YaMZ-236U, mechanical, 5-speed Transfer case Mechanical, two-stage with locked center differential Tires Tire size 1200x500-508 mod. ID-P284 or 12.00R20 mod. U-4, ID-304 General Type cabins (number of seats in the cabin, including the driver's seat) 2 doors (3 seats) Voltage of the on-board electrical network, V24 Capacity of fuel tanks, l 210 Installation length of the frame for placing equipment, mm Wheel formula 6x6.1 Control fuel consumption At a speed of 60 km/h, l/100 km 36 Maximum speed at full vehicle weight, km/h65

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Service information

• “URAL-43202-10” belongs to the categories: “Auto-moto-bicycle equipment”, “Trucks”, “Trucks with a carrying capacity over 5 tons”, “Heavy-duty trucks”;
• The offer was created on 12/08/2016, the last update date was 12/08/2016;
• During this time, the proposal was viewed 5 times.

Please note that the BizOrg.su trading platform is for informational purposes only and under no circumstances constitutes a public offer. The price of the product “URAL-43202-10” declared by Artikgazavtotrans, LLC may not be the final sale price. For detailed information on the availability and cost of these goods and services, please contact representatives of Artikgazavtotrans, LLC at the specified telephone number or email address.

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Qн = 0.01 x (Hsan x S + Hw x W) x (1 + 0.01 x D)

where Qн is the fuel consumption rate of the Ural dump truck, l; S — mileage of the Ural dump truck, km; Hsan is the fuel consumption rate for the mileage of a dump truck in running order without load;

Fuel consumption of URAL vans, the standard value of fuel consumption is determined similarly to on-board trucks using the formula:

Device

Chassis

The Ural 4320 has high cross-country ability, which was achieved due to the 6 by 6 wheel arrangement and single-pitch wheels, supplemented by automatic adjustment of filling the chambers with air. The front part uses a dependent suspension mounted on semi-elliptical springs with sliding rear ends and double-acting shock absorbers. The rear part also uses a dependent balancer suspension with springs with reaction bars. All axles of the car are driving.

Base wheel parameters:

• type – disk with fastening on 10 studs;
• rim - 330-533 or 254G-508;
• tire type – tube pneumatic.

The riveted frame of the Ural 4320 consists of 2 stamped spars, united by cross members (ladder type).

Cars URAL-4320-01 and URAL-43202-01 6×6.1

Produced by the Ural Automobile Plant (Miass) since 1988. Ural-4320-01 and Ural-43202-01 are modernized vehicles, respectively, Ural-4320 and Ural-43202, which were produced from 1977 to 1988. The body of the Ural-4320-01 is a metal army-type platform with a folding rear side, equipped with folding side and removable middle benches, removable arches and an awning, additional side and front extension lattice sides. The body of Ural-43202-01 is a wooden platform with folding side and rear sides, equipped with removable two side and one front extension sides, installation of arches and an awning is provided. The cabin is three-seater, thermally and noise-insulated, located behind the engine, the seat is adjustable in length, height and backrest angle. The Ural-4320-01 vehicle is equipped with a winch. Since 1961, the Ural-3757 was produced, since 1964 - the Ural-375D and -375N with a ZIL-375 carburetor engine.

Basic trailers - mod. 782B (2PN-4M) and GKB-8350 (army).

Car modifications:

Chassis of Ural-4320-01 and Ural-43202-01 vehicles for equipping with special equipment and Ural-43203-01 for installation of van bodies; export versions of cars and chassis for countries with temperate and tropical climates.

Engine.

Maud. KamAZ-740.10. For basic data, see KamAZ-5320 vehicle. To warm up the engine, cars are equipped with a PZhD-30A heater with a heating capacity of 26,000 kcal/h.

Transmission.

Clutch - mod. KamAZ-14, double-disc, shutdown drive - mechanical, with pneumatic amplifier. Gearbox - mod. KamAZ-141, 5-speed, with synchronizers in II, III, IV and V gears, gear. numbers: I-5.62; II-2.89, III-1.64, IV-1.00; V-0.724; ZX-5.30. Number of gears with transfer case: forward - 10, reverse - 2. Power take-off from the gearbox - up to 26 kW (35 hp). The transfer case is 2-speed, with a cylindrical locking center differential of the planetary type, distributing torque between the constantly engaged front axle and the bogie axles in a ratio of 1:2. Send numbers: top gear - 1.3; the lowest is 2.15. The transfer case is controlled by two levers. Power take-off from the transfer case is up to 40% of engine power. Cardan transmission - four cardan shafts. The main gear of the drive axles is double, a pair of bevel gears with a spiral tooth and a pair of cylindrical helical gears; transmit. number (total) - 7.32. The drive axles are of the through type, with an overhead final drive. The front drive axle is with disk-type constant velocity joints (Trakt).

Wheels and tires.

Wheels on Ural-4320-01 - disc, rim - 254G-508; for Ural-43202-01 disc wheels, rim 330-533. Fastening - on 10 studs. Tires for Ural-4320-01 - 14.00-20(370-508) mod. OI-25 with adjustable pressure in the range of 0.5-3.2 kgf/cm. sq. depending on road conditions, for Ural-43202-01 - 1100×400-533 mod. O-47A, wide-profile, pressure: front - 2.5 kgf/cm2, bogie - 3.5 kgf/cm2. Number of wheels 6+1.

Suspension.

The front is on two semi-elliptic springs with rear sliding ends, with shock absorbers. The rear is balanced, on two semi-elliptical springs with six reaction rods, the ends of the springs are sliding.

Brakes.

The service brake system is with drum mechanisms (diameter 420 mm, lining width 120 mm), dual-circuit, with a pneumatic-hydraulic drive, separate (pneumatic and hydraulic parts) for the front axle and bogie, with two pneumatic boosters. The parking brake is a drum brake, installed on the output shaft of the transfer case, the drive is mechanical. The spare brake is one of the circuits of the service brake system. The auxiliary brake is a motor retarder, the drive is pneumatic. The trailer brake drive is combined (two- and single-wire).

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Truck cranes and other special vehicles on the KamAZ-63501 chassis

In particular, truck cranes based on KamAZ-63501 have become widespread. A powerful crane installation with a lifting capacity of 30, 40 or 50 tons (“Klintsy”, “Galichanin”, etc.) is mounted on the chassis. The telescopic four-section boom of such cranes consists of all-metal trough-shaped profiles. The crane can be used for high-precision installation, when the load is placed at a certain height in the finished structure. The truck's power unit powers two hydraulic pumps that drive the crane unit and allow all crane operations to be combined simultaneously.

The lifting height of the load with the main boom of such a crane is a little over 30 meters (depending on the modification, there is a slight variation in this value); when using an additional jib - a little over 40 meters. These cranes are used in various areas of the economy, for example, in the installation of power lines.

KamAZ-63501 with a powerful crane-manipulator.

Other popular applications for the KamAZ-63501 chassis include a fire truck; container carrier; mobile workshop or laboratory with a crane-manipulator; tanker truck or fuel tanker.

Transmission

The basic version of the Ural 4320 was equipped with a KamAZ 141 5-speed manual transmission with synchronizers in all gears, with the exception of first and reverse. Together with the gearbox, a KamAZ 14 double-disc clutch with a pneumatic booster and a mechanical release drive or a YaMZ 182 dry single-plate friction-type clutch with a diaphragm spring was used. The transmission included a transfer case. Some versions were equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission YaMZ 236U with synchronizers at 2,3,4 and 5 speeds.

The two-speed transfer case had a locking planetary-type center differential. The torque distribution between the front axle (always on) and the bogie axles was 1:2. The transfer case was controlled using 2 levers, the level of power take-off from the engine was 40%.

Spare parts for Ural, Kraz, MAZ, Kamaz trucks. Engine parts YaMZ-236, YaMZ-238

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Flatbed truck Ural-43202

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The Ural-43202 flatbed truck has been produced by the Ural Automobile Plant (Miass) since 1988. The Ural-43202-01 are modernized Ural-43202 vehicles, which were produced from 1977 to 1988. The body of the Ural-43202 is a wooden platform with folding side and rear sides, equipped with removable two side and one front extension sides, installation of arches and an awning is provided. The cabin is three-seater, thermally and noise-insulated, located behind the engine, the seat is adjustable in length, height and backrest tilt. Modifications of Ural-43202 trucks Chassis of Ural-43202-01 trucks for equipping with special equipment and Ural-43203-01 for installing van bodies; Export versions of cars and chassis for countries with temperate and tropical climates. Engine Ural-43202 Engine KamAZ-740.10. To warm up the engine, cars are equipped with a PZhD-30A heater with a heating capacity of 26,000 kcal/h. Transmission Ural-43202 Clutch Ural-43202 - KamAZ-14 model, double-disc, shutdown drive - mechanical, with a pneumatic amplifier. Transmission Ural-43202 - model KamAZ-141, 5-speed, with synchronizers in II, III, IV and V gears, gear ratios: I-5.62; II-2.89, III-1.64, IV-1.00; V-0.724; ZX-5.30. Number of gears with transfer case: forward - 10, reverse - 2. Power take-off from the gearbox - up to 26 kW (35 hp). The Ural-43202 transfer case is 2-speed, with a cylindrical locking planetary-type center differential that distributes torque between the constantly engaged front axle and the bogie axles in a ratio of 1:2. Send numbers: top gear - 1.3; the lowest is 2.15. The transfer case is controlled by two levers. Power take-off from the Ural-43202 transfer case is up to 40% of engine power. Cardan transmission - four cardan shafts. The main gear of the drive axles is double, a pair of bevel gears with a spiral tooth and a pair of cylindrical helical gears; transmit. number (total) - 7.32. The drive axles are of the through type, with an overhead final drive. The front drive axle Ural-43202 is with disk-type constant velocity joints. Wheels and tires Ural-43202 Wheels Ural-43202 disc, rim 330-533. Fastening - on 10 studs. Tires Ural-43202 - 1100×400-533 mod. O-47A, wide-profile, pressure: front - 2.5, bogie - 3.5 kgf/cm. sq. Number of wheels 6+1. Suspension Ural-43202 Front - on two semi-elliptic springs with rear sliding ends, with shock absorbers. The rear is balanced, on two semi-elliptical springs with six reaction rods, the ends of the springs are sliding. Brakes Ural-43202 Service brake system Ural-43202 - with drum mechanisms (diameter 420 mm, lining width 120 mm), dual-circuit, with pneumatic-hydraulic drive, separate (pneumatic and hydraulic parts) for the front axle and bogie, with two pneumatic boosters. The parking brake Ural-43202 is drum-type, installed on the output shaft of the transfer case, the drive is mechanical.

The spare brake is one of the circuits of the service brake system. The auxiliary brake is a motor retarder, the drive is pneumatic. The trailer brake drive is combined (two-wire and single-wire). Steering gear Ural-43202 Steering mechanism Ural-43202 – two-way worm and lateral gear sector, with a built-in hydraulic distributor of a spaced hydraulic booster; gear ratio - 21.5, oil pressure in the amplifier 65-90 kgf/cm. sq. Electrical equipment Ural-43202 Voltage 24V, battery 6ST-190TR (2 pcs.), generator G-288E with voltage regulator 1112.3702, starter CT-142-LS. Refueling tanks and liquids of the Ural-43202 truck Fuel tank - 200 l, diesel fuel; cooling system - 30 l (with heater), antifreeze A-40 or A-65; engine lubrication system - 21.5 l, in summer M-10G(k), in winter M-8G(k), substitute (all-season) M-6/10V; hydraulic steering system - 4.5 l, oil grade P; gearbox - 8.5 l, at temperatures up to minus 30°C - TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C a mixture of TSp-15K oil with 10-15% diesel fuel A or Z, the use of all-season oil TM5-12RK is allowed; transfer case - 3.5 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; steering gear housing - 1.48 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; drive axle gearboxes - 3x4.5 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; steering knuckle housing 2×3 l, mixture of Litol-24 lubricant with oils for drive axle gearboxes (50% each); rear balancer suspension hubs 2×0.75 l, TSp-15K oil, at temperatures below minus 30°C TSp-10 oil; winch gearbox 7.5 l, TSgip oil; hydraulic brake system - 1.7 l, brake fluid GTZh-22M, substitute brake fluid "Neva" or "Tom"; shock absorbers 2×0.85 l, shock absorber fluid AZh-12T; windshield washer reservoir - 1.5 l, NIISS-4 liquid mixed with water. Weights of Ural-43202 units (in kg) Power unit - 1040 Gearbox with clutch housing - 246 Transfer case - 178 Front axle - 656 Middle and rear axles - 590 each Frame - 694 Front spring - 67 Rear spring - 96 Winch with gearbox - 287 Winch cable - 100 Platform - 770 Cabin - 428 Wheel (254G-508) - 53 Technical characteristics of the Ural-43202 truck Load capacity, kg: - on all types of roads and terrain - 5000 - on roads of categories I and IV - 7000 Curb weight ( without winch) with additional equipment, kg - 8120 - on the front axle - 3835 - on the trolley - 4285 Gross weight, kg - 15175 - on the front axle - 4345 - on the trolley - 10830 Permissible total weight of the trailer, kg: - on all types of roads and terrain - 7000 - on roads of categories I and IV - 11500 Maximum speed of the Ural-43202 vehicle, km/h - 80 Same, road trains - 72 Acceleration time of the vehicle to 60 km/h, s - 45 Vehicle run-out from 50 km/h , m - 550 Maximum climbable grade by car, % - 50 Same, road train - 27 Braking distance of a car from 60 km/h, m - 36.7 Same, road train - 38.5 Control fuel consumption of the Ural-43202 car, l/ 100 km at a speed of 60 km/h, - 5 Depth of fording with a hard bottom at an air pressure in tires of 3.2 kgf/cm, m: without preparation - 0.7 with preliminary preparation lasting no more than 30 minutes - 1.7 Radius turning, m: on the outer wheel - 10.8 overall - 11.4 tire - 14.00-20 - 112

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• Cardan shafts and power take-off Ural-4320
• Transmission gearbox Ural-4320
• Bridges Ural-4320
• Transfer case Ural-4320
• Steering Ural-4320

• Truck cranes and cranes based on trucks

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• Cylinder block and cylinder head YaMZ-236 HE2, YaMZ-236 BE2
• Checking and adjusting YaMZ-236
• Power system and lubrication system YaMZ-236
• Driven and driven clutch discs YaMZ-236, 238
• Cooling and lubrication systems YaMZ-238
• Fuel injection pump YaMZ-238

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• Kamaz diesel engine
• Repair and adjustment of Kamaz power steering
• Kamaz-152 gearbox with divider
• Gearbox parts for Kamaz-5320 gearbox
• Kamaz transfer case and driveshafts
• Kamaz gearbox repair
• Clutch KamAZ-5320
• Construction of Kamaz-4310 drive axles

• Power steering MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Front axle and steering rods MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Clutch adjustment MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Adjustment and repair of gearboxes MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Repair and maintenance of the rear axle MAZ-5551, 5549, 5335, 5336, 5337
• Front axle parts and steering rods MAZ-5516, 5440
• Steering Maz-5516, 5440
• Details of driving axles Maz-5516, 5440

• Clutch device ZIL-130
• Repair of ZIL-130 gearbox
• Repair of rear axle ZIL-130
• Basic parts of the ZIL-130 engine
• Transfer case and power take-off ZIL-131
• Drive axles ZIL-131
• Steering ZIL-131
• Maintenance of ZIL-645 engine parts

Qn = 0.01 x Hs x S x (1 + 0.01 x D) + Hot x T, (2)

where Qн is the URAL fuel consumption rate per 100 km, l; Hs is the transport norm of fuel consumption for the mileage of a URAL bus, l/100 km (taking into account the passenger load normalized by class and purpose of the bus); S—bus mileage, km; Hoth - fuel consumption rate when using standard independent heaters for the operation of the heater (heaters), l/h; T — operating time of the URAL bus with the heater on, h; D — correction factor (total relative increase or decrease) to the norm, %.

TRUCKS GAZ, ZIL, KAMAZ, URAL, MAZ, KRAZ

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Parameters of the onboard vehicle Ural-43202

The Ural-43202 flatbed truck has been produced by the Ural Automobile Plant (Miass) since 1988. The Ural-43202-01 are modernized Ural-43202 vehicles, which were produced from 1977 to 1988. The body of the Ural-43202 is a wooden platform with folding side and rear sides, equipped with removable two side and one front extension sides, installation of arches and an awning is provided.

The cabin is three-seater, thermally and noise-insulated, located behind the engine, the seat is adjustable in length, height and backrest tilt. Modifications of Ural-43202 trucks Chassis of Ural-43202-01 trucks for equipping with special equipment and Ural-43203-01 for installing van bodies; Export versions of cars and chassis for countries with temperate and tropical climates. Engine Ural-43202 Engine KamAZ-740.10. To warm up the engine, cars are equipped with a PZhD-30A heater with a heating capacity of 26,000 kcal/h. Transmission Ural-43202 Clutch Ural-43202 - KamAZ-14 model, double-disc, shutdown drive - mechanical, with a pneumatic amplifier. Transmission Ural-43202 - model KamAZ-141, 5-speed, with synchronizers in II, III, IV and V gears, gear ratios: I-5.62; II-2.89, III-1.64, IV-1.00; V-0.724; ZX-5.30. Number of gears with transfer case: forward - 10, reverse - 2. Power take-off from the gearbox - up to 26 kW (35 hp). The Ural-43202 transfer case is 2-speed, with a cylindrical locking planetary-type center differential that distributes torque between the constantly engaged front axle and the bogie axles in a ratio of 1:2. Send numbers: top gear - 1.3; the lowest is 2.15. The transfer case is controlled by two levers. Power take-off from the Ural-43202 transfer case is up to 40% of engine power. Cardan transmission - four cardan shafts. The main gear of the drive axles is double, a pair of bevel gears with a spiral tooth and a pair of cylindrical helical gears; transmit. number (total) - 7.32. The drive axles are of the through type, with an overhead final drive. The front drive axle Ural-43202 is with disk-type constant velocity joints. Wheels and tires Ural-43202 Wheels Ural-43202 disc, rim 330-533. Fastening - on 10 studs. Tires Ural-43202 - 1100×400-533 mod. O-47A, wide-profile, pressure: front - 2.5, bogie - 3.5 kgf/cm. sq. Number of wheels 6+1. Suspension Ural-43202 Front - on two semi-elliptic springs with rear sliding ends, with shock absorbers. The rear is balanced, on two semi-elliptical springs with six reaction rods, the ends of the springs are sliding. Brakes Ural-43202 Working brake system Ural-43202 - with drum mechanisms (diameter 420 mm, lining width 120 mm), dual-circuit, with pneumatic-hydraulic drive, separate (pneumatic and hydraulic parts) for the front axle and bogie, with two pneumatic boosters. The parking brake Ural-43202 is drum-type, installed on the output shaft of the transfer case, the drive is mechanical.

The spare brake is one of the circuits of the service brake system. The auxiliary brake is a motor retarder, the drive is pneumatic. The trailer brake drive is combined (two-wire and single-wire). Steering gear Ural-43202 Steering mechanism Ural-43202 – two-way worm and lateral gear sector, with a built-in hydraulic distributor of a spaced hydraulic booster; gear ratio - 21.5, oil pressure in the amplifier 65-90 kgf/cm. sq. Electrical equipment Ural-43202 Voltage 24V, battery 6ST-190TR (2 pcs.), generator G-288E with voltage regulator 1112.3702, starter CT-142-LS. Refueling tanks and liquids of the Ural-43202 truck Fuel tank - 200 l, diesel fuel; cooling system - 30 l (with heater), antifreeze A-40 or A-65; engine lubrication system - 21.5 l, in summer M-10G(k), in winter M-8G(k), substitute (all-season) M-6/10V; hydraulic steering system - 4.5 l, oil grade P; gearbox - 8.5 l, at temperatures up to minus 30°C - TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C a mixture of TSp-15K oil with 10-15% diesel fuel A or Z, the use of all-season oil TM5-12RK is allowed; transfer case - 3.5 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; steering gear housing - 1.48 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; drive axle gearboxes - 3x4.5 l, TSp-15K, at temperatures below minus 30°C - TSp-10; steering knuckle housing 2×3 l, mixture of Litol-24 lubricant with oils for drive axle gearboxes (50% each); rear balancer suspension hubs 2×0.75 l, TSp-15K oil, at temperatures below minus 30°C TSp-10 oil; winch gearbox 7.5 l, TSgip oil; hydraulic brake system - 1.7 l, brake fluid GTZh-22M, substitute brake fluid "Neva" or "Tom"; shock absorbers 2×0.85 l, shock absorber fluid AZh-12T; windshield washer reservoir - 1.5 l, NIISS-4 liquid mixed with water. Weights of Ural-43202 units (in kg) Power unit - 1040 Gearbox with clutch housing - 246 Transfer case - 178 Front axle - 656 Middle and rear axles - 590 each Frame - 694 Front spring - 67 Rear spring - 96 Winch with gearbox - 287 Winch cable - 100 Platform - 770 Cabin - 428 Wheel (254G-508) - 53 Technical characteristics of the Ural-43202 truck Load capacity, kg: - on all types of roads and terrain - 5000 - on roads of categories I and IV - 7000 Curb weight ( without winch) with additional equipment, kg - 8120 - on the front axle - 3835 - on the trolley - 4285 Gross weight, kg - 15175 - on the front axle - 4345 - on the trolley - 10830 Permissible total weight of the trailer, kg: - on all types of roads and terrain - 7000 - on roads of categories I and IV - 11500 Maximum speed of the Ural-43202 vehicle, km/h - 80 Same, road trains - 72 Acceleration time of the vehicle to 60 km/h, s - 45 Vehicle run-out from 50 km/h , m - 550 Maximum climbable grade by car, % - 50 Same, road train - 27 Braking distance of a car from 60 km/h, m - 36.7 Same, road train - 38.5 Control fuel consumption of the Ural-43202 car, l/ 100 km at a speed of 60 km/h, - 5 Depth of fording with a hard bottom at an air pressure in tires of 3.2 kgf/cm, m: without preparation - 0.7 with preliminary preparation lasting no more than 30 minutes - 1.7 Radius turning, m: on the outer wheel - 10.8 overall - 11.4 tire - 14.00-20 - 112

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• GAZ-3307 clutch maintenance
• Steering system GAZ-3307
• Gearbox parts for GAZ-3307
• Maintenance of the rear axle GAZ-3307
• Maintenance of the fuel system of the D-245 diesel engine
• Clutch GAZ-3309 with a diesel engine
• Operations for disassembling the GAZ-3309 gearbox
• GAZ-3309 front axle service
• Repair of cardan shafts of GAZ-3309 cars

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• Operations for assembling basic components of the ZIL-130 engine
• Service and repair operations for the ZIL-130 gearbox
• Maintenance and repair of ZIL-130 clutch
• Repair and adjustment of the rear axle ZIL-130

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• KAMAZ-4310, 43118, 43114
• KAMAZ-5320, 55111, 53212, 5511, 55102
• KAMAZ-65115, 6520, 65117
• KAMAZ-4308
• Engine KAMAZ-740

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• Parts of the cylinder block and head of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Service maintenance of the YaMZ-236 piston group and crankshaft
• Diagnostics and technical adjustments of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Design and adjustment of fuel injection pump and injectors of the YaMZ-236 engine
• Cylinder block and piston YaMZ-238
• Components of the YaMZ-238 diesel fuel supply system
• Design and adjustment of the fuel injection pump of the YaMZ-238 diesel engine
• Technical design of the YaMZ-239 gearbox

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• Components of the front axle and steering rods of the Maz-5516, 5440
• Steering system of Maz-5516, 5440 cars
• Clutch and gearbox parts Maz-5516, 5440
• Maintenance of drive axles of MAZ-5516, 5440 vehicles
• Power steering for Maz-5551, 5335 cars
• Maintenance of cardan transmission of Maz-5551, 5335 cars
• Maintenance and adjustment of clutch MAZ-5551, 5335
• Repair and service of the rear axle of MAZ-5551, 5335 cars

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• Gearbox Ural-4320
• Construction and adjustment of Ural-4320 bridges
• Maintenance of transfer case Ural-4320
• Steering components Ural-4320

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• Servicing the KRAZ-255, 260 gearbox
• Steering mechanism and power steering Kraz-255, 260
• Adjustments and repairs of the power steering cylinder and steering rods of the Kraz car
• Drive axle components and drive shafts Kraz-255, 260

Cabin

The Ural 4320 was equipped with various types of metal cabins. The classic version used a 2-door, 3-seater version. The first cabin samples for the model were developed in the middle of the last century; since then, changes inside have been minimal, so in terms of comfort the car is much inferior to modern modifications.

The driver's seat has several settings to select the optimal position. The cabin has heating and ventilation systems to maintain a normal microclimate. Optionally, the cabin is equipped with a berth. Upon request, installation of air conditioning, Webasto preheater and independent heater is available.

Since the spring of 2009, certain versions of the Ural 4320 have been equipped with new-style cabins, created jointly with Iveco. The cabover version with fiberglass tail is equipped with 3 anatomical seats with headrests and armrests. The interior decoration is made of high-quality materials with good heat and sound insulation. The controls are located next to the driver. The new cabin is significantly ahead of the previous version in terms of comfort, but in terms of charisma it is clearly inferior to it.

The body of the Ural 4320 is made in the format of a metal platform with a tailgate. It is equipped with benches, removable arches, an awning and additional sides. To increase cross-country ability, the structure is made in the form of small overhangs.