KaVZ-4235-02 Suburban - intercity bus "Aurora"

Cruisers for students

Andrey Filippov, photo by the author

What associations do you have when you mention the Kurgan Bus Plant? I believe that the first image that comes to mind is an unsightly box with a hood, which for many years was, to put it mildly, the main product of the enterprise. The utilitarian-looking machine was valued for its indestructibility, maintainability and low cost. But hardly anyone considered it a full-fledged BUS. Now the entire conveyor belt is filled with the Aurora family. And as striking as the contrast between these buses is in appearance, the difference in content is just as great.

The Aurora family, by and large, now includes two models: the long-wheelbase KAvZ-4238 and the short-wheelbase KAvZ-4235. Each of them is supplemented with modifications, the main essence of which is to configure the interior depending on the purpose. For example, the “long” Aurora is now available in an intercity-suburban version - KAvZ-4238-02 - with air conditioning, shelves for hand luggage and 35 seats plus space for five standing people; in the suburban version - KAvZ-4238-01 - 39 seats and space for five standing passengers; in the “school” version - KAVZ-4328-05 - with a cabin for 34 seats (32 children and 2 accompanying persons) and a pair of large racks for backpacks in the aft part of the cabin.

Bus KAvZ-4235: technical characteristics, models

Publication date: 06/26/2018

Model KAvZ-4235 “Aurora” is a middle-class bus, equally successfully used in cities and on country roads with surfaces of various types and conditions. This two-door car is comfortable, easy to maintain, and maintainable. Capacity - 52-56 people, seats - 29-31.

School bus

KAvZ-4235 "Aurora", intended for transporting schoolchildren, is produced in accordance with the standard. Its capacity is 32 or 24 people. And two more places for accompanying persons.

The characteristics of the bus provide all the options necessary to ensure the safety of children. Each seat has a seat belt. The step is covered with an anti-slip coating. Getting on the bus is easier thanks to the additional step.

There is a special rack at the end of the bus for briefcases. There is an emergency communication button for communication between passengers and the driver. And the driver has a loudspeaker.

The traffic safety system also includes a sound signal when the bus is moving in reverse. To ensure good visibility, the rear view mirrors are electrically heated.

The maximum speed of movement is limited to 60 kilometers per hour. A specially installed device is responsible for this. It also prevents the bus from moving with the doors open.

History of creation

In 2008, this model replaced the PAZ-4230 bus, previously produced by the Kurgan Bus Plant. When creating new equipment, stricter environmental standards for the release of hazardous and harmful substances into the environment were taken into account. In 2009, Aurora production reached full capacity. In 2010, the model was given a more modern appearance, but the design did not undergo fundamental changes. The equipment was equipped with new ones - an engine, a chassis, an electrical system, and glued side windows. In 2011, a Cummins diesel engine was installed in the KAVZ-4230 bus, which fully complies with the requirements of the Euro-4 eco-standard. After all the design modifications were carried out, passenger comfort was increased, and the equipment was able to travel 300 km without refueling.

Modifications of KAvZ-4235

Design engineers have developed technical documentation for three promising modifications:

KAvZ-4235-61. The main purpose of this compact, economical model is to serve commuter routes. However, thanks to its high maneuverability and good controllability, the vehicle is effective for passenger transportation in cramped urban environments. The seats can be equipped with two-point seat belts. Upon request, double glazing of the side windows and thermal insulation of the interior are available.

KAvZ-4235-61U. This simplified version is equipped with a double door and mirrors of the old design.

KAvZ-4235-62. The model is suitable for intercity transportation, but can also be used in the city. Capacity - 52 seats, seating - 29.

Additional options

Reliability indicators:

• Service interval - 12 thousand km
• Ease of maintenance
• Possibility of installing automatic transmission

Performance indicators:

• Favorable cost of ownership
• Optimal passenger capacity
• Reduced operating costs due to low gas fuel costs
• High level of comfort for driver and passengers
• Affordable price

Comfort options:

• Audio/video system
• Various passenger seat options
• Electronic route indicators
• Metallic body paint
• Insulated clear glass unit.
• Tinted double-glazed window (only for the Insulated modification).
• Exterior (new front mask with Hella lighting technology).
• DVD, CD player with 2 LCD monitors 15″ + 6 speakers + antenna.
• DVD, CD player with one 19″ LCD monitor + 6 speakers + antenna.

• VGGU.
• NGGU loudspeaking device.
• CD radio + 4 speakers + antenna.
• Roof fan (blowing the driver's workplace or passenger compartment).
• Electronic route indicator Iskra 4235/4238 (three displays).
• Tires MICHELIN or MATADOR 275/70 R22.5.
• Air conditioning with individual airflow.
• Luggage racks.
• Passenger seats with a device for moving to the center, with a net and a table.
• Curtains on the salon windows.
• Plastic upholstery.
• Interior upholstery is caprovelor.
• Carpeting in the center aisle + mats on the front and rear landings + on the front steps.
• Carpeting in the luggage compartment.
• Air autonomous heater.
• Double glazing of salon windows (tinted double glazing).
• Double glazing of salon windows (clear glass).
• Single glazing is tinted, except for the windshield, driver's window and front door glass.
• Thermal insulation of heating and cooling system pipelines.
• Heating the fuel tank intake.
• Non-adjustable seats with 3-point seat belts.
• Adjustable seats with 3-point seat belts.
• Satellite navigation equipment.
• Air autonomous heater for the driver's cabin.
• Gas cylinders capacity 739 l.
• Reversing sound signal.

Security options:

• Digital tachograph
• Video surveillance system
• Fire extinguishing system
• Fog lights

Specifications

The load-bearing body of the bus is a carriage type. Ventilation is natural; to perform ventilation functions, there are vents in the side windows and hatches in the roof. Heating is combined, provided by the engine cooling system and preheater. Diesel fuel consumption is 25 liters per 100 km. Weight - 7320 kg, total weight - 11600 kg. The body is painted in a special chamber, which increases its high corrosion resistance and durability. Power steering ensures easy and comfortable driving. The minimum turning radius (depending on modification) is 7.7-9.0 m.

The main components and assemblies included in the device of the KAVZ-4235 model:

• Engines: four-stroke diesel YaMZ 53423.
• Fuel capacity - 105 l.
• Manual Transmission.
• The braking system is dual-circuit pneumatic with an anti-lock system.

Interior characteristics:

• total capacity - 52-56 people;
• seating capacity - 29-31;
• the presence of shelves for luggage;
• comfortable unidirectional seating arrangement;
• the presence of handrails for standing passengers;
• the presence of a dual-mode front heater that provides internal blowing of the windshield and heating of the driver's seat; in total, there are 3 heating units in the cabin.

• length - 8 m 38 cm;
• width - 2.5 m;
• height - 3 m 8.5 cm;
• The door width is 65 cm, the door is designed for the passage of one passenger.

To increase comfort, the bus can be equipped:

• air conditioning system;
• audio system;
• an electronic display that displays the names of stops;
• tinted windows.

Transportation safety is increased by installing a panoramic windshield, fog lights, anti-slip coating on the steps, a video recorder that records the situation inside and outside, and a communication button with the driver.

Near is far

To be honest, I expected a lot of negativity from the test, and even on the plane I was wondering what strengths I could find in KAvZ-4238 so that the text would not look too devastating, but... The world turned upside down. I'm serious. I would never have thought that I could get so many positive emotions from communicating with KAVZ products.

It is no secret that the closest and most serious competitors of domestic buses are equipment from China. In this light, the moment was very significant when, when asked about achievements, the chief designer began to talk about the introduction of a gear shift joystick into the series, instead of the archaic floor lever, the manipulation of which I did not like so much. Six “school” buses with this solution have already gone to customers - and joysticks are about to replace the usual backstage. But the covers of technological compartments on pneumatic supports, which dealers of Chinese cars still note as a significant “plus,” have long been commonplace for KAVZ.

Technical characteristics of buses KAvZ-4238-05 "Aurora" and KAvZ-4238-02 "Aurora"

The build quality is also impressive. I had the opportunity to drive both the long-wheelbase KAVZ-4238 and the short-wheelbase KAVZ-4235. I did not notice any creaks, rattles, or “jambs” in the operation of any equipment. Considering that the cars were straight from the assembly line - very worthy. Representatives of the GAZ Group say that a large number of export supplies leaves a very strong imprint on quality. Factory workers refer to the small production rate - three buses a day, this is not the scale to manage to put together something “a blunder”. As an end consumer, I absolutely don’t care what reasons allow the equipment to look decent. The main thing is that even a short test drive made me believe that the Aurora, if not the bus of the future, is definitely not a relic of the past. Rather, a real bus for our time.

Review of tires for PAZ buses

Publication date: 07/20/2021

Special requirements are imposed on the equipment and condition of vehicles used for urban and suburban passenger transportation. The process of choosing tires for PAZ buses requires special attention. This is due to the fact that not only passenger safety and fuel economy, but also driving performance (braking and acceleration, stability on wet or icy roads) depend on the quality and characteristics of tires.

It may seem that there is nothing simpler than replacing worn PAZ tires with a new analogue. However, without proper experience, it is difficult to choose the optimal product, which is widely represented on the modern market, which is regularly replenished with new high-tech products.

AUTOPRIBOR

LLC NPK AVTOPRIBOR is Russia's largest manufacturer of electrical equipment and instruments for domestic cars, buses, tractors, combines, motorcycles and other equipment, supplying products to automobile factories and many consumers in the Russian Federation, the CIS and countries near and far abroad.

The LLC NPK AVTOPRIBOR enterprise produces a wide range of products:

• Electric motors
• Speedometers
• Signposts
• Sensors
• Switches and relays
• Windshield wiper systems (wiper blades, wiper arms, wiper trapezes, wiper drives)
• Instrument clusters and panels
• Drive, brushes, levers
• Tachometers
• as well as products for household and industrial use.

A team of professionals with many years of experience and unique achievements in their field works on all developments of LLC NPK AVTOPRIBOR. The enterprise carries out a full production cycle of finished products. Processes have been implemented and used that meet the requirements of international standards, which is confirmed by the relevant Certificates: IATF 16949: 2016 (QMS) - ISO 9001: 2015 (QM15), ISO 9001: 2015 (IQNet) This strategy allows the company to be competitive in the market and offer to its partners effective and optimal conditions for cooperation. LLC NPK AVTOPRIBOR supplies products to car assembly lines: GAZ, UAZ, KamAZ, LADA Zapad TLT, PAZ, URALAZ, Volkswagen, Renault, Nissan, Hyunday, Citroen, Peugeot and others.

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Types and purpose

Tires for PAZ or any other bus can be classified into three different categories:

• depending on the tread pattern, regional, highway and road varieties are distinguished;
• based on the design, diagonal and radial products are distinguished (depending on the direction of the cord threads);
• Depending on the axial fit, tires are distinguished for the front axle, rear axle, and also universal analogues.

Tires for PAZ, as well as tires for other brands of buses in catalogs, as a rule, are allocated to a separate group. Many world-famous brands develop and produce tires designed separately for urban, suburban and intercity routes. City tires are subject to special operational requirements, since they are subject to a number of loads:

• frequent braking and acceleration;
• increased risk of cuts and chips;
• regular contact with curbs;
• frequent turns;
• unstable load due to increased passenger traffic density during peak hours.

Manufacturers are introducing many effective solutions and technologies that allow you to confidently drive passenger vehicles in any weather conditions and on any roads. Such solutions include lugs, reinforced sidewalls, transverse grooves, various tread patterns, longitudinal drainage channels, different blocks of longitudinal ribs, narrow sipes of variable depth and much more.

Brands and sizes

In Russia, as a rule, all-season tires are used for GAZ or PAZ. Among the products of popular brands, experienced carriers identify several satisfactory brands:

• KAMA TIRES (NU-301, I-397);
• Triangle (TBC-A11, TBC-A21, TR615 and TR685);
• "Altaishina" (K-84, U-2, KI-111);
• Cordiant Professional (VC-1 and VR-1);
• OMSKSHINA (IYA-112A);
• "Voltyre-Prom" (Vl-25);
• Giti Tire (GAU861);
• "Yaroslavl ShZ" (Ya-454).

The weight of the products plays an important role, since the vehicle dynamics, as well as fuel consumption and braking distance, depend on the weight of the PAZ tire.

Recently, all-metal cord tires (SMC) from TyRex, which contain steel wire in their construction, have become increasingly popular, which significantly increases the service life of such rubber.

• 235/75 R17.5 is an all-season type of radial tire, characterized by a narrow tread, which does not create excessive noise when the vehicle moves;
• 245/70 R19.5 – radial tires on the groove with a non-directional tread pattern;
• 25 R20 (240 R508) is an all-season full-profile tire that has excellent traction and ensures uniform tread wear.

Table of permissible tire pressures for PAZ buses

It is important to monitor the pressure level in the wheels of vehicles. Reducing the pressure in the tires of PAZ buses, as a rule, leads to deterioration in vehicle handling, uneven tread wear and accelerated destruction of the sidewall frame. It is recommended not to allow a pressure difference of more than 30 kPa, and also to exclude checking the pressure in tires that have not cooled down and were used in hot weather.

Instrument panel 4235-3805004 KAVZ-4238 “Aurora”. Catalog 2008

Attention: The electronic auto parts catalog is intended for reference purposes! Our company only sells those products that have prices listed.

Serial number: 2541.38013010-10 Quantity per model: 1

Instrument cluster

Serial number: 50.3801 Quantity per model: 1

Wear and selection tips

Among the characteristic signs of wheel malfunction are wear of the mounting holes, lateral or radial runout of more than 3 millimeters, and deformation of the bead ring and rim.

As for tires, wear can be caused by various factors:

• driving style (sharp braking, hitting obstacles, slipping, maneuvering at high speed);
• frequent overloads;
• poor condition of roads;
• violation of internal pressure norms;
• wheel imbalance.

A special wear indicator, usually located between the tread, will tell you when it’s time to stop by the tire depot to have your tires replaced. On average, tires on a PAZ can last from 70 to 100 thousand kilometers. And control should be carried out every 30-40 thousand kilometers traveled.

Marking will help you choose the most optimal option. The main thing is to take into account the condition of the road surface. For roads in good condition, you can purchase pneumatic tires, but for off-road use, it is better to give preference to alternative products with adjustable pressure.

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general description

The Aurora bus meets all automotive industry requirements characteristic of modern transport. It combines elegant style and functionality, dynamism and efficiency, compactness and spaciousness. It would seem that these properties are extremely difficult to combine. But the manufacturers of KAvZ-4235 successfully did this.

Maneuverability and small dimensions, together with a large number of passengers, make the bus indispensable for city streets. It is perfect for settlements where the number of residents does not exceed five hundred thousand people.

The bus of this model has several advantages:

• Ease of use.
• Easy maintenance. Spare parts for KAvZ-4235 are available for purchase.
• An increased degree of comfort makes the trip enjoyable for both driver and passengers.
• The optimal number of seats for passengers for its small dimensions.

The manufacturer provides a one-year warranty on its products, which corresponds to seventy-five thousand kilometers.

Bus tires: sizes, tire pressure, pattern and tread depth

Publication date: 11/13/2019

Bus tires

differ from standard automobile ones not only in their size, but also in their structural features. They take on a heavy load and are responsible for the safety of dozens of passengers. Such tires should feel confident not only in an urban environment, but also on the highway, and provide good grip at any time of the year.

The type of rubber, tread depth, structure, pressure in bus tires - all this is different. The right choice affects the stability of the vehicle on the road, directional stability, fuel consumption and other parameters.

Let's look at what types of bus tires there are and how they may differ from each other.

Instrument cluster KAVZ 79.3801

CP KAVZ provides indication:

a) using arrow indicators of parameters:

• vehicle speed;
• engine rotation speed;
• air pressure in circuit 1;
• air pressure in circuit 2;
• fuel level;
• coolant temperature;

b) using the parameter monitor:

• total mileage;
• daily mileage;
• urea level;
• engine oil pressure;
• transmission oil temperature;
• on-board network voltage;
• engine operating hours;
• fuel consumption per 100 km;
• fuel consumption per 1 hour;
• number of pulses;

c) using light and sound alarms:

• condition of vehicle systems and components.

It is possible to enter the values ​​of the gear ratio of the generator drive to the crankshaft and the number of pairs of poles of the generator field winding, the values ​​of the boundaries of the engine monitoring zones, the values ​​of the lower limit of the zone for exceeding the maximum permissible speed.

The CAN interface is used as an external interface for data exchange between the KAVZ gearbox and other vehicle devices.

The KAVZ gearbox is manufactured in the U2 climatic version for operation in the temperature range from minus 40 °C to plus 60 °C.

Source

Types of Bus Tires

On sale you will find several categories of bus tires, which are divided into types into three main categories.

According to the tread pattern

Based on this characteristic, rubber is selected depending on the expected conditions of future operation.

• Road.
  Suitable for most roads and trails. The tread depth is small, the tires do not produce noise and provide stable directional stability. Ensures confident, smooth braking, good speed and normal fuel consumption, without large excesses. The qualities are lost if you have to move in off-road conditions with a lot of unevenness, slippery areas, and potholes.
• Trunk.
  They are very rarely installed on buses, only if they are loaded with special equipment. This option is most often used for trucks and dump trucks that move under heavy load conditions. The main difference is the increased layer index.
• Regional
  . This type of tire can be classified as universal. The structure can be divided into several parts. A standard tread pattern is applied to the main one, located in the center. There are special lugs on the sides. This is an option for passenger transport traveling in poor road conditions.