Tractor MTZ 3522: technical characteristics, engine, fuel consumption, diagrams

As you know, Belarus is a country of tractors; every tenth “steppe hero” in the world is made in this country. After the collapse of the USSR, many plants and factories were ceded to imported manufacturers. But thanks to its proximity to Europe, the Minsk Tractor Plant was able not only to preserve its developments, but also to integrate the best achievements of competitors into its projects. MTZ engines are distinguished by high environmental performance, improved efficiency and low noise levels.

general information

MTZ 3522 is a modern heavy-duty wheeled tractor designed to perform a wide range of heavy work in livestock and agriculture and various fields of industry and production.

The tractor belongs to the 3000 series. It includes energy-rich wheeled vehicles.

MTZ 3522 is capable of performing work in two modes:

1. traction;
2. traction and drive.

The tractor will be useful for:

• feed procurement;
• pre-sowing soil preparation;
• soil treatment;
• working with echeloned attachments;
• sowing work;
• harvesting;
• transportation of materials;
• loading operations, including in field conditions;
• construction;
• industrial operations.

Before the release of MTZ 3522, the Belarusian manufacturer’s equipment was not represented in the fifth traction class. As a “rival,” the engineers chose the Kirovets K-701, which has long been considered the most powerful tractor in the post-Soviet space. The new Belarus MTZ 3522 has advanced the legend on all fronts: it has higher power, more impressive dimensions, and is more convenient to operate.

The only difficulty faced by enterprises that have purchased the MTZ 3522 tractor is the need for qualified maintenance of the equipment. Belarus has modern electronic systems that require adjustment and periodic repair. All this makes operation more expensive compared to other tractors in the MTZ model range. But all the shortcomings are covered by unique capabilities and technical characteristics, for which the MTZ 3522 literally has no equal.

Separately, it is necessary to say about the cross-country ability of the MTZ 3522 tractor. With its impressive size and serious weight, the tractor is distinguished by excellent cross-country ability. If it is necessary to reduce the impact on the soil to a minimum, a kit for pairing the front wheels is installed on the Belarus. Front counterweights weighing up to 1.35 tons are also used. Twin rear wheels come as standard equipment.

Despite its excellent cross-country ability and off-road capabilities, the tractor also has disadvantages. These are, in particular, a large turning radius and relatively poor maneuverability. Therefore, machines perform best in large fields - long, with a minimum number of turns.

"Belarus-3522": market prospects, operating experience and owner reviews

Most modern farmers and farm owners purchased the new MTZ-3522 through some special promotion from a manufacturer or dealer. After all, the price of this modern tractor today is very high and few can afford it (the new powerful “Belarus” costs over 10 million rubles). However, everything is relative: similar foreign-made tractors will cost an order of magnitude more!

In general, the 355-horsepower “Belarus” has received recognition from many large peasant farms. Because in recent years there has been a clear imbalance in agriculture. In the sense that a lot of work that should ideally be performed by large energy-intensive equipment is done by a large number of tractors of 1.4-2 traction classes. This gives mixed results: increased processing time, excessive consumption of fuel and lubricants, and high labor costs. Of course, experienced and prudent farm managers understand this and, whenever possible, introduce heavy tractors into their fleet of equipment.

The main competitor of the MTZ-3522 on the market was the new Kirovets - K-744. It costs less, and is equipped with engines no worse than the German Deutz - modern, productive and economical YaMZ and Cummins. In terms of fuel consumption, the Deutz engine is somewhat preferable.

However, when operating under load, it quickly overheats. Standard radiators are not enough to cool it. “One tractor driver somehow perverted himself - he covered the holes with plywood so that the air from the fan would go to the radiator without loss - it seemed to help. And so the side decorative protection of the engine is constantly removed,” notes Boleslavovich from Verdomichy (Belarus) in 2012.

Since there were many complaints about the insufficient efficiency of the cooling system, the Minsk plant in 2013 switched to equipping the MTZ-3522 with other radiators - seven-row copper ones, produced by the Bryansk Heat Exchange Equipment Plant, instead of the previous standard six-section ones. In addition, the performance of the new tractor’s gearbox caused a lot of criticism: many began to have problems with it in the midst of field work, and they had to take the tractor in for service for a long time (since it takes a lot of time to repair the gearbox under warranty).

We were one of the first (in 2011) to purchase a new MTZ-3522 from the Gorbunovo peasant farm (Caucasian district of the Krasnodar Territory). This tractor continues to work properly, without serious breakdowns, mainly plowing plowed land in a unit with an eight-furrow non-reversible plow PLN-8-40 and double disking the soil. According to the head of the farm, Viktor Gorbunov, the 355-horsepower “Belarus” cultivates 18-20 hectares in one work shift. Diesel fuel consumption ranges from 19 to 21 liters per hectare. It's not bad as a tractor either. The farm is happy with the machine: “on the whole it has shown itself to be worthy.”

Aggregation

A tractor when performing arable work in conjunction with large semi-screw 7- and 9-furrow plows used for plowing soils of any degree of density, including frozen, rocky, containing solid inclusions (stones, debris, etc.). The most powerful new MTZ 3522 is also combined with the following attachments:

• conventional, disc, heavy, reclamation harrows;
• continuous tillage cultivators;
• sowing and tillage units, wide-cut pneumatic seeders;
• balers;
• 3-section rotary mower-conditioners;
• subsoilers;
• shredders.

The capabilities of the MTZ 3522 tractor are not limited to field agricultural work. It is also capable of working efficiently and with high productivity with:

• bulldozer blades;
• drills;
• rotary installations.

The Belarus MTZ 3522 tractor is compatible with any trailers and semi-trailers. These can be either specialized trailers for agricultural purposes, for example with spreaders, or universal and multifunctional semi-trailers.

The tractor can be operated with the following equipment:

• PSS-15 – semi-trailer with spreader;
• KPR-9-01 – three-section mower-conditioner;
• MZHU-20 – tank for transporting manure;
• ADU-6-AKD – combined soil-cultivating disk unit;
• SPSh-9 – wide-cut seeder with pneumatic drive;
• L-114A-02 – loosening unit;
• KP-12 – seed roller;
• PMF-18 is a multifunctional trailer.

This is not a complete list of mounted and trailed equipment for the MTZ 3522 tractor. This powerful wheeled Belarusian is capable of coping with almost any task on a farm.

One of the most “fresh” developments launched into the series

The Minsk Tractor Plant, which celebrated its seventieth anniversary in 2016, continues its systematic development. Today it is a large industrial holding, which, in addition to MTZ itself, also includes 8 enterprises in Belarus: in Bobruisk, Vitebsk, Mozyr and other cities. In total, they employ more than 17 thousand people.

MTZ has 10 assembly plants in the Russian Federation; 11 – in other republics of the USSR and countries of the world. Belarus tractors are sold in more than sixty countries around the world. In its desire to cover the needs of the agricultural machinery market as widely as possible, the design bureau of the Minsk plant is not asleep. One of the bold decisions was the launch of mass production of a new product for the enterprise - heavy all-wheel drive tractors "MTZ-3522", which took place in 2010.

After this, we can rightfully say that the MTZ serial model range has covered almost all market segments: from walk-behind tractors, mini- and garden tractors - to energy-rich tractors of the 2000 (from 200 hp) and 3000 (from 300 hp) series. With.). At the same time, the Belarus MTZ-3522 has become a much more powerful and productive tractor than even the legendary Soviet “super heavyweight” of the 5th traction class, the Kirovets K-701.

Technical characteristics of MTZ 3522

The technical characteristics of the MTZ 3522 tractor are impressive: this powerful equipment fully complies with the declared fifth traction class. Let us examine in more detail the main characteristics of the tractor.

The basic technical characteristics of the Belarus MTZ 3522 are as follows:

Technical characteristics and design of the MTZ 3522 chassis are as follows:

Engine: power, fuel consumption and other technical characteristics

The outstanding technical characteristics of the MTZ 3522 tractor, its impressive weight and dimensions require the installation of a powerful engine. And the motors that are installed on the most popular models MTZ 80 and MTZ 82 did not meet these criteria. Therefore, engineers selected several alternative options.

The first modifications were equipped with the German Deutz. A few years later, the base engine was replaced, offering two diesel engines to choose from - Cummins and Caterpillar.

Deutz on MTZ 3522

The basic model of the Belarus MTZ 3522 tractor is equipped with a four-stroke diesel engine with six cylinders, model TCD2013L 064V C3UT261, manufactured by Deutz in Germany.

The MTZ tractor with the Deutz engine performed well. The engine has a significant working life and does not fail if maintenance recommendations are followed. The motor produces the declared power and pulls the tractor with various attachments.

Among the disadvantages of the MTZ 3522 with the Deutz engine, machine operators noted the high cost of spare parts. In addition, they are not always available and deliveries have to be waited for, leading to tractor downtime. Also, Deutz engines are more demanding in terms of maintenance. Well, I would like to see more power, especially when the tractor is used to tow loaded trailers or works with heavy attachments.

Specifications

For the MTZ 3522 tractor we chose Deutz TCD2013L 064V C3UT261. This is a four-stroke diesel engine with four in-line cylinders. It has direct fuel injection and turbocharging, and the cooling system is liquid.

Characteristic features of the Deutz engine for the MTZ 3522 are two filters for cleaning diesel fuel, a combined lubrication system for the main components and the presence of a special Multicyclone unit.

The engine of the Deutz tractor MTZ 3522 is started using an electric starter. For operation in harsh climatic conditions, a cold start system is implemented. Engine warming up is optimized and carried out automatically. The integrated thermostat is responsible for setting the operation of the preheating system.

With decent technical characteristics, the MTZ 3522 tractor with a Deutz engine complies with the Stage III3A environmental standard and has very modest fuel consumption for its declared power.

Specific fuel consumption is:

• at rated power – 211 g/kW*h;
• at operating power – 240 (+/–5) g/kW*h.

Taking into account the spacious 650-liter fuel tank, the MTZ 3522 tractor with a Deutz engine has an impressive power reserve for continuous operation without refueling.

Technical characteristics of the MTZ 3522 tractor with a Deutz engine are as follows:

The design of the Deutz engine is as follows:

• turbocharger;
• liquid cooling system;
• horizontal arrangement of shafts;
• cast iron crankcase;
• cast cylinder head made of cast iron;
• 2 fuel injection pumps with electronic control;
• crankshaft with counterweights;
• 2 compression rings and one oil scraper ring (per cylinder);
• cartridge full flow oil filter;
• bimetallic camshaft bearings;
• generator 12V/55A;
• electric starter 12V.

Caterpillar at MTZ 3522

Today, the model range of the Minsk Tractor Plant includes the MTZ 3522 tractor with a Caterpillar engine - C9CPXL08.8ESK (Caterpillar). This is a more powerful engine, producing 364 hp. – more suitable power for such a large tractor.

As for the design features, the Caterpillar engine on the MTZ 3522 has a Common Rail fuel injection system and turbocharging. The engine cooling system is represented by an intercooler.

Specifications

The characteristics of the MTZ 3522 with a Caterpillar engine are as follows:

Cummins at MTZ 3522

On later modifications of the MTZ 3522 tractor, a Cummins engine is installed - Cummins QSL8.9-C360. This diesel engine is in many ways similar to the Caterpillar in technical characteristics, design and equipment. It also has common rail fuel injection, turbocharging and an intercooler. The QSL8.9-C360-III engine (Cummins) complies with Stage-III environmental standard.

Specifications

The technical characteristics of the MTZ 3522 with a Cummins engine are as follows:

The fuel consumption of the MTZ 3522 with a Cummins engine is relatively low. In combination with a 650-liter fuel tank, this gives the Belarus a sufficient range without refueling, allowing the tractor to work in the field all day long, even when performing energy-intensive tasks.

Comparison of MTZ 3522 with different engines

Let's compare the technical characteristics of engines on different modifications of the tractor.

To summarize the technical characteristics of the MTZ 3522 with different engines, it can be noted that:

• average fuel consumption is 230-240 g/kWh;
• minimum fuel consumption for MTZ 3522 with a Deutz engine is 211 g/kWh;
• average power – 360 hp;
• The maximum power of the MTZ 3522 with a Caterpillar engine is 364 hp.

YaMZ engine on MTZ 3522

Separately, we need to talk about the MTZ 3522 tractors with the YaMZ engine, which can be found from time to time. Officially, the machines were not produced in this configuration, so all existing MTZ 3522 with the YaMZ 238 engine are converted tractors on which the engine was changed after purchase.

YaMZ 238 was not chosen by chance. The Minsk Tractor Plant's own developments, which existed at the time of production of the 3000 series tractors, did not show sufficient reliability. And among the domestic engines in the 300+ horsepower segment, the YaMZ 238, which produces 330 hp, was the best option.

The need to install a YaMZ engine on the MTZ 3522 was not dictated by design flaws in Deutz, Cummins or Caterpillar engines - these units have proven themselves to be excellent. Problems with them arose due to the following reasons:

• the complexity of routine maintenance and repair (qualified specialists are required);
• high cost of components;
• the need to bring spare parts to order (and the tractors are idle at this time);
• depending on the exchange rate.

Today, many enterprises offer kits for converting MTZ 3522 to YaMZ 238. From a technical point of view, the process is not particularly difficult. The issue of reliability and preservation of factory technical characteristics remains open. There have been no full-fledged tests that would confirm that after the equipment the tractor will not sag in terms of characteristics.

At low and medium loads, MTZ 3522 with a YaMZ engine demonstrate stable operation. But it is not known how the converted tractor will behave under high load. Whether it is worth the risk and installing a YaMZ 238 instead of the original engine, each tractor owner decides at his own peril and risk.

Clutch MTZ 3522

The tractor clutch is of a permanently closed type. The clutch is dry, 2-disc.

A release bearing is responsible for squeezing the clutch, which transmits the force to 4 release levers. The clutch is controlled by a hydrostatic drive with suspended pedals and a gyro booster.

The hydrostatic clutch drive device includes a pair of pedals, two hydraulic cylinders for direct and reverse control, and a valve for selecting the desired mode.

The clutch diagram is shown below.

Engine… Powerplant

The transmission scheme includes a hydromechanical, stepped gearbox, a double-disc friction clutch of a permanently closed type, multi-disc brakes and a dual-range power take-off shaft. The design features of this modification of the power unit are the presence of a turbocharging system, the implementation of a water and intermediate cooling circuit for the charged air.

Transmission

The MTZ 3522 tractor has a mechanical gearbox with constant mesh gears, like other Belarusians.

The box consists of two main components:

• hydromechanical speed shift module;
• range switching gearbox.

Gear shifting within the range is carried out due to the operation of electrohydraulic-controlled friction clutches. Speeds are switched without interruption of power by the clutch. The ranges are switched jerkily when the cylindrical pairs of gears in the gearbox are engaged using the clutch.

The MTZ 3522 gearbox has 4 ranges when moving forward and 2 for reverse. In each range, 6 gears can be changed steplessly.

Taking into account the gears provided by the creeper, the MTZ 3522 gearbox has:

• 36 forward gears;
• 24 gears when moving backwards.

The tractor transmission box has complex electronic control. The control module includes a gearbox control unit, a joystick with which gears are changed, a range selection lever, sensors for clutch disengagement, gear neutral, and transport range.

Speed ​​switching diagram

Chassis

The tractor is assembled on a frame base. It has all-wheel drive, 4x4 wheel arrangement. The wheels of the rear axle can be doubled using spacers. On the front axle MTZ 3522, the twinning of wheels is carried out using special couplers.

The steered front axle MTZ 3522 is of the all-beam type. It is equipped with planetary gearboxes.

The rear axle of the tractor is produced in 2 axle lengths:

1. standard,
2. shortened.

Counterweights weighing 1.35 tons can be installed on the front of the frame. However, counterweights are not included as standard equipment and are offered as optional equipment.

PTO

The MTZ 3522 has two power take-off shafts - front and rear.

Front PTO with single-wire electro-hydraulic activation. The power take-off shaft, installed in the front part of the tractor, is a separate single-speed unit in the form of a planetary gearbox with disc brakes. The rotational motion to the gearbox is transmitted directly from the crankshaft of the MTZ 3522 engine in parallel with the motor fan drive through an adapter and a paired joint with a splined shaft to the PVTO drive gearbox and then through the cardan shaft directly to the PVOM planetary gearbox.

Maximum power of the front PTO MTZ 3522 is 79 hp. (58 kW).

The rear power take-off shaft is two-speed, independent. This means that the torque from the power plant is transmitted at any time, even if the tractor is standing still. The transmission of motion is carried out through a system of connecting shafts and bushings in the gearbox and rear axle housing.

The maximum power of the rear PTO MTZ 3522 is 298 hp. (219 kW).

Device Features

The MTZ-3522 model, improved in its main parameters, differs from its analogues:

• improved appearance;
• a well-thought-out system for easy repairs even in the field;
• stronger frame;

Cabin

The workplace is considered a separate item. It is very important that the driver feels safe, comfortable and that everything necessary is located at an intuitive level. Productivity depends on keeping the driver free from distractions and fatigue. The glass-covered single-seat cabin is equipped with an adjustable seat. On two axes, you can configure a comfortable workplace for a driver of any height and build. The cabin is locked, the left door is opened with a key.

The basic equipment includes mirrors, windshield wipers, climate control, and a comfortable additional seat. Now you can work comfortably in any bad weather. The problem of gas contamination is solved by installing filters that purify the air inside and outside the device. There is no smoke inside the cabin. Manufacturers have thought through noise and heat insulation with improved glazing. An additional frame on the cab will protect the driver from tipping over. And additional double-glazed windows have a beneficial effect on visibility, while increasing the level of safety.

Hydraulic system

The attachment is controlled through a hydraulic system that operates as a closed loop.

The hydraulic volume on MTZ 3522 is 100 l.

Hydraulic oil is pumped using a BOSH axial plunger pump. The hydraulic pump has a capacity of 120 l/min. The working volume of the pump itself is 0.045 l/rev. When the MTZ 3522 hydraulic pump operates, the technical fluid is pumped to a maximum pressure of 200 kgf/cm2.

Versatile hydraulic attachment control system with variable displacement pump provides high lifting capacity and smooth operation. The tractor's hydraulics are equipped with an electronically controlled distributor - it supports the ability to set the sequence of turning on and off individual sections, control flow and time of operations. To do this, the system uses readings from two sensors.

Thanks to the well-thought-out design of the hydraulic system on the tractor, you can adjust the depth of tillage by choosing one of three modes:

• power,
• positional,
• combined.

The driver has the ability to control the working equipment from the cab using a special joystick.

Tractor maintenance

Despite its relatively short service life, the MTZ 3522 tractor has proven itself to be excellent. The owners note that this is truly powerful and reliable special equipment, which usually does not cause problems. The exception is the weak radiator on the early models, which quickly clogged and did not remove heat sufficiently. This problem has been solved on tractors of recent years.

Maintenance causes certain difficulties, since the Belarus 3522 is significantly different from other MTZ tractors: modern technologies, excellent design solutions and many electronic components were used in its development. To avoid problems with tractor maintenance, it is advisable to conduct training for drivers and mechanics who will work with the equipment.

The tractor is refueled with regular diesel fuel. Fuel tank capacity – 650 l.

Engine oil is selected for a specific engine modification. Recommended oils are given in the operating manual. The situation is similar with oil and air filters: when searching for consumables, you need to check not only the brand of the tractor, but also the installed engine.

Analogs

This model does not have twins, but there are several similar machines in the scope of application and, if possible, aggregation. The Kirovets competitor, K-744, wins in cost due to its domestic engine, but loses in fuel consumption. There are reviews that in the summer under heavy load it overheats very quickly.

Belarus-3222 and Belarus-3022 have similar functions. But it should be noted that these models have weaker engines. And according to MTZ, Belarus-3522 is considered the most powerful agricultural machine produced in Europe.

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