The GAZ-34039 tracked vehicle is designed for movement in swampy and snowy areas. The unit is equipped with a 4-cylinder 4-stroke engine model D-245. Maximum power - 110 horsepower. High performance characteristics are achieved through the use of a heater that is activated upon startup. Thanks to this “heart” of GAS, it comes to life even at subzero temperatures.
This is what the all-terrain vehicle Gas 34039 looks like
About the manufacturer
The caterpillar tractor plant in the city of Zavolzhye, Nizhny Novgorod region, was founded in 1949 as a mechanical repair plant for the repair of construction equipment: bulldozers, tractors, excavators and others.
During the construction of the Gorky hydroelectric power station, the enterprise mastered the production of metal structures needed for this construction; and during the construction and launch of a chemical plant in Dzerzhinsk - the production of high-pressure vessels.
When the active development of the fields of the Far North and Siberia began, the active development of the country's oil and gas complex, it was necessary, in conditions of complete roadlessness, extreme temperature changes, impassable swamps, to move a huge amount of cargo, to deliver teams of geologists, oil and gas workers to the place of work.
To solve these important problems, the plant launched the production of tracked transporters in 1967. The enterprise was also included in the Gorky Automobile Plant. The first model launched into mass production was the GAZ-71 (GT-SM) all-terrain vehicle. These first snow and swamp-going vehicles had a payload capacity of one ton and were also equipped with gasoline carburetor engines of the 3M3-66 model. On the GAZ-34039 they will be replaced by more economical diesel engines, well known from the “people's” MTZ-80/82 tractors.
Since 1993, the Zavolzhsky Crawler Tractor Plant has become a joint-stock company. At the next stage of its development, the company became part of the Special Equipment division of the GAZ Group, continuing the production of all-terrain vehicles for the Russian oil and gas industry. In 2012, a joint venture was established with the international engineering corporation Terex. The plant belongs to the Russian Machines holding.
In 2007, as part of the national project “Health”, the plant developed an all-terrain ambulance based on the GAZ-34039 snow and swamp-going vehicle. The special vehicle is fully equipped to carry out emergency treatment by a medical team, transport patients and monitor their condition.
In 2010, the company mastered the production of a new model of the GAZ-34039 tracked snow and swamp-going vehicle, which received the additional name “Irbis”. Distinctive features of this version of the all-terrain vehicle from the classic model are a voluminous monobody, a larger number of seats (12, including the driver), and a more comfortable interior. Another new product of the plant was a two-link tracked snow and swamp-going vehicle.
Crawler propulsion system for impassable off-road conditions
In off-road conditions, tracked vehicles continue to be the most passable. It copes with roads in the tundra better than new models of all-terrain vehicles with low pressure tires. In addition, a low pressure tire is a very vulnerable mechanical component. If there is a puncture, the all-terrain vehicle breaks down, and it is impossible to carry a spare set of tires due to their weight and size. Caterpillars, on the contrary, are mechanically very strong. That is why they are used on military equipment. In this regard, classic tracked all-terrain vehicles will be in service for a long time and no replacement is expected. At the request of the customer, two types of tracks can be installed: ОШ and РМШ.
The predecessor GAZ-34039 GAZ-71 tracks did not have a rear sprocket. In this regard, the angle of attack when reversing was very large. Once in a depression (for example, in a river bed), the possibilities for reversing were greatly limited. Subsequently, the designers completely eliminated this defect.
Description of the design of the all-terrain vehicle GAZ-34039
The chassis consists of twelve road wheels, two idler wheels, two drive wheels, which are located in the front of the all-terrain vehicle, and two tracks. There are two types of tracks: with an open hinge and a tracked propulsion resource of 6 thousand kilometers; as well as with a rubber-metal hinge and a tracked propulsion resource of 12 thousand kilometers. The suspension is independent, torsion bar, with a significant angle of attack of the tracks both front and rear.
The number of road wheels is 12 (six on each side). The torsion bars are cylindrical, with splined heads at the ends. Their length is 0.99 m. The outer diameter of the working part of the track roller torsion bars is 31 mm. Track rollers – single, with rubber-coated rims; outer diameter 7OO mm, rim width 85 mm. The drive wheels are double-crowned, pinion geared, located in the front part of the body. Number of teeth – 1Z.
The guide wheels are suspended, single, with rubber-coated rims. The outer diameter is 54О mm, the rim width is also 85 mm. The caterpillars are small-linked, consisting of 92 links each. The width of the caterpillar link is 390 mm, the pitch of the caterpillar link is 128 mm. The caterpillar fingers with a rubber-metal hinge are steel, rubber-coated, and lockable due to the pressing force. Track fingers with an open hinge are borated, HDTV hardened, with a diameter of 15.5 mm. They are prevented from falling out by spring rings.
Shock absorbers – hydraulic, telescopic, double-acting. They are installed on the front and rear road wheels. There are four shock absorbers in total.
Modifications of snow and swamp-going vehicles GAZ-34039
- GAZ-34039-12 is a passenger version, the body of which is equipped with a double insulated awning. There is an autonomous independent interior heater "Webasto", tracks with rubber-metal hinges and a rubberized treadmill.
- GAZ-34039-12 / GAZ-34039-13 , with tracks with open joints.
- GAZ-34039-22 is a cargo-passenger version with a body with a single awning and tracks with R-MSh.
- GAZ-34039-22 / GAZ-34039-23 , with OSH tracks.
- GAZ-34039-32 - passenger, with a metal body, an autonomous independent interior heater "Webasto", tracks with RMSh.
- GAZ-34039-33 – with OSH tracks.
- GAZ-340394 is a special emergency medical vehicle. There is an autonomous independent interior heater "Webasto", tracks with R-MSh.
Based on the main version of the GAZ-34039 all-terrain vehicle, several special-purpose vehicles were created. In particular, the SVP-6-02 explosion point station, the UGB-001 self-propelled drilling rig with hydraulic drive, a fire truck on a snow and swamp-going vehicle chassis, a vehicle with a fire extinguishing installation "Purga-120", and a BGM-21 drilling rig.
GAZ-34039 "Irbis"
A further step in the evolution of the all-terrain vehicle was the GAZ-34039 “Irbis” model, first presented in Nizhny Tagil at the Sixth International Exhibition of Technical Equipment for Defense and Security “Defense and Protection-2O1O”, and mass production began in 2O11. These special vehicles are used in geological exploration expeditions, in the construction and maintenance of oil and gas pipelines, power and communication lines, and railway tracks in the harsh natural and climatic conditions of the Far North, Siberia and the Far East.
The classic all-terrain platform GAZ-34039 is used to produce the Irbis. However, a completely different superstructure is installed on it - a plastic cabin from an ekranoplan, developed by. This new model features improved driver's seat ergonomics, improved visibility, a more modern instrument panel and an additional interior heater.
An important change is a different layout of the power plant, in which the engine is hooded inside the cabin. This greatly facilitates its maintenance, especially in winter frosts. “Irbis” also offers a variety of design options: fire truck, drilling rig, cargo and passenger version, residential module, and so on.
Unlike the Soviet versions of this all-terrain vehicle, the Irbis is distinguished by such important features as a voluminous monobody and the most comfortable passenger compartment for this type of special equipment. Thermal and noise insulation of the interior of the Irbis all-terrain vehicle is made using modern materials.
The all-terrain vehicle is equipped with a box-section bumper (in the frontal part of the all-terrain vehicle); Windshield protection has been completed. The body of the all-terrain vehicle is painted in non-standard colors with heat-resistant paint.
Additional equipment of the GAZ-34039 Irbis snow and swamp-going vehicle includes: an electric winch with a force of at least 6.8 tons; seat belts for all passengers; 2 fire extinguishers type 0U-2; two boxes for tools and equipment on the sides of the all-terrain vehicle; two shelves inside the all-terrain vehicle; set of entrenching tools: hand chainsaw; ax-hoes, shovels, incendiary devices, forest backpack fire extinguishers, sprayers-blowers, gas and smoke protection kits, first aid kits; tourist tents and sleeping bags.
Also on the list of options is a Dometric B2600-1 air conditioner, with roof installation; remote diesel generator; Flashing Light; sleeping places; table; two wardrobes; luggage racks and compartments; intercom between the driver's cabin and the passenger module; refrigerator with a volume of 50 l; microwave; combined interior lighting, with ceiling lamps and sconces; 24V and 220V sockets; microwave; voltage converter 24-220V; telematic module of the GLONASS system.
A ladder is built into the side of the cargo platform to ensure independent boarding (disembarkation) of passengers; An additional luggage rack is located on the roof. The OK-1 lighting complex has a luminous flux power of at least 1000 W. There is an emergency gas analyzer in the cabin and windshield branch cutters;
MTLB
Multi-purpose light armored tractor - this is the name of perhaps the most successful all-terrain vehicle in the Far North. The vehicle was adopted by the army back in 1964, but then quickly found use among civilians. This crawler-powered bug floats well, crosses swamps and steep climbs, and can carry up to 11 people. The diesel V8 develops 240 horsepower and almost 900 Nm of torque, which allows the far from lightweight all-terrain vehicle to be accelerated to 60–80 km/h. Fuel consumption can reach up to 90 liters per 100 kilometers, however, taking into account the huge tanks, the range is close to 500 kilometers. Among the disadvantages, we can note an unsuccessfully located winch, whose cable, when broken, flies directly into the windshield, and the need to plug the drain holes when crossing fords.
Engine GAZ-34039
The GAZ-34039 snow and swamp-going vehicles are equipped with D-245.12S turbocharged diesel engines produced by the Minsk Motor Plant. These are four-cylinder in-line diesel engines with a displacement of 4750 cm³ and a power of 81 kW (110.2 hp), achieved at 2400 rpm. The maximum torque of this motor is 352 N•m and is achieved at a rotation speed of 1300-1700 rpm. The specific consumption of diesel fuel is around 218 g/kW•hour. Direct fuel injection, liquid cooling system.
The D-245.12S engine lubrication system is combined: under pressure and splashing. The oil pump is single-section, gear type. Oil filter – FM009-1012005, non-separable, replaceable. Crankcase ventilation is open type (breather).
The engine is equipped with a pre-heater that helps start the engine even at extremely low air temperatures.
The new GAZ-34039 Irbis all-terrain vehicles use a different engine modification - D245.7E2. With the same displacement of 4.75 liters, this power unit has a power of 122 hp at 3800 rpm. The maximum torque is 423 N•m, at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm.
Interior heater Webasto
In northern conditions, interior heating is especially important. Using heat from a diesel engine to heat the cabin would reduce engine reliability, so it is not used. To heat the interior, a reliable autonomous interior heater from Webasto is installed. It is also a pre-heater for the engine. And here the designers found good optimization. Webasto produces heaters for cabins of trucks, vans, minibuses and buses. Installing a heater from a major manufacturer simplifies the search for spare parts. Fuel consumption - 100-250 g/h.
Transmission and brakes
The design of the all-terrain vehicle uses a permanently closed, dry, single-disc damper clutch with a diaphragm pressure spring. Gearbox – mechanical, five-speed, three-way. The same is installed on the all-wheel drive off-road truck GAZ Sadko. Gear ratios: 1st speed: 6.555; 2nd: Z.9ZZ; Z-I: 2,Z76; 4th: 1.442; 5th: 1,O; reverse: 5.7Z5.
Cardan transmission is an open, 2-joint cardan shaft with crosspieces on needle-type bearings. Additional transmission – mechanical, 2-speed, 2-shaft. Gear ratios: O.96 and O.56. The main gear is single-stage, bevel, with spiral teeth. Gear ratio – 1.9.
Multi-disc onboard clutches are dry, with steel discs. There are ten drive disks, 9 driven disks, and fourteen pressure springs.
The service brakes of the snow and swamp-going vehicle are double band brakes, with parallel bands and floating pads. The width of the pad is 62 mm, and the outer diameter of the brake drum is 30 mm. Service brakes and their drive from control levers are used as parking (mountain) brakes. Final drives are single-stage, with spur gears; final drive ratio – 3.7.
The diesel fuel supply is controlled by a pedal and a handle; turning control - turning off the side clutches and braking the drive wheels using 2 control levers
The service brakes are controlled by braking the drive wheels using 2 control levers. The parking (mountain) brake is controlled by fixing the control levers in the braked state with pawls, which are driven by the buttons of the control levers.
Technical specifications in numbers
- Overall dimensions: length - 5.72 m (6.28 m for the Irbis), width - 2.55 m, height - from 2 m to 2.89 m (depending on modification).
- Weight – 4.8 tons.
- Base (distance between the centers of the outer rollers) – 3600 mm.
- Track width (distance between the middle of the tracks) – 2.18 m.
- Ground clearance is the smallest, with a full load - 4OO mm.
- Height to the drive wheel axis – 64О mm.
- Height to towing device – 64О mm.
- Loading height of the body (without load) – from 0.92 m to 1.2 m (depending on modification).
- Turning radius – 2.2 m.
- The climbing angle to be overcome is 35 degrees.
- The lateral roll angle is 25 degrees.
- Load capacity – 1.2 tons.
- The maximum permissible towing trailer weight is 2 tons.
- Maximum speed – 60 km/h; when driving on water – 6 km/h.
- The capacity of the fuel tanks is 370 liters of diesel fuel.
- Operating diesel fuel consumption is from 45 to 100 liters per 100 km (depending on operating conditions).
- Specific ground pressure – O.214 kg/sq.cm.
Beaver
Formally, this is an onboard or passenger “Gazelle”, mounted on caterpillar traction and loved by geologists, oil workers and other energy workers in the Far North. Thanks to the Beaver track, it rides perfectly on any surface and is also designed to work at temperatures down to -50 degrees. Under the hood of this car is a 2.8-liter Cummins diesel engine with 130 horsepower, accelerating the Beaver to 65 km/h on land. In addition, the all-terrain vehicle got its name for a reason - it can also swim! Using its tracks, it can reach speeds of up to 6 km/h on water, carrying 3-4 people. The downside of the car is its small carrying capacity and small number of passenger seats. In addition, “Beaver” costs even more than “Trekola” - 2.2 million rubles versus 1.5 million for the first participant in our selection.
Reviews of all-terrain vehicles GAZ-34039
The modern all-terrain vehicle "Irbis" is jokingly called the "Super GAZelle". It is indeed very similar to the “best-selling minibus”: the body panels for ZZGT are supplied by the Gorky Automobile Plant. However, the company welds the frame independently, resulting in an all-metal body with windows with rubber seals. The living compartment is insulated and lined from the inside. According to reviews, the interior keeps warm even at minus fifty degrees below zero!
An additional heat source is the MMZ D-245.7E2 diesel engine located in the cabin. It's easier to service there. The power unit is equipped with a liquid preheater. It is turned on by a button near the driver's seat.
Unlike previous generations, tracks are now installed not with an open hinge, but with a rubber-metal one. Rubberized fingers are pressed into the links, and they work the same way as a silent block on a car. The rollers run on a rubberized track, which increases the service life and reliability of the tracks.
In winter, snow inevitably sticks to the metal track, causing it to stretch like a string. The load on the chassis increases. The rubberized track prevents snow from sticking, and such a track produces much less noise, and there is no characteristic tank clang when moving.
Previously, two types of torsion bars were installed in the suspension: standard and reinforced. Nowadays, they only install reinforced ones, since the owners of such special vehicles regularly overload them, without paying much attention to the declared permissible load capacity. The body is sealed. However, if, when moving along the water surface, water gets inside, it will be pumped out by a pump installed in the front part of the boat body.
The front panel on the GAZ-34039 Irbis is from GAZelle Business. The seats are also from her, there is longitudinal adjustment and the ability to recline the backrest. The additional gear lever is convenient: it functions as a transfer case.
The element of this special vehicle is not only off-road, but also snowy expanses. It glides evenly across deep virgin snow on its belly, calmly making its way with caterpillars raising fountains of snow.
Despite the fact that the hood box, which is lifted by a pair of gas struts, is lined with soundproofing mats from the inside, it is still noisy in the GAZ-34039’s cabin. It is difficult to talk - all speech is drowned out by the sound of the engine.
