Replacing CV joints and rebuilding the steering knuckles of the Spicer bridge

Construction of the bridge and individual elements

The front axle is equipped with a monolithic cast gearbox housing (Spicer design), in which axle shaft stockings are installed.
Due to the absence of a parting line, the rigidity of the structure is increased and the operating conditions of the gears are improved. A cover secured with bolts is used to access the gearbox and differential. The internal volume of the crankcase is used to store a supply of lubricant; drain and inspection holes with plugs are provided. The tension-mounted stockings are intended for installing the beam on the frame and for mounting the front wheel drive axle shafts. To turn the front tires while simultaneously supplying torque, ball joints (CV joints) of the Birnfield design are used. The joint cavity contains a supply of special lubricant that does not need to be replenished during vehicle operation. The front wheels have a fixed installation angle in the vertical plane; in the horizontal direction, the toe-in angle is adjusted on the stand. The steering knuckles are of a pivot design, the pivot axis is inclined, ensuring the automatic return of the front tires to a neutral position.

Advantages of the Spicer front beam:

• increasing the track to 1600 mm, which increased the stability of the car;
• the angle of rotation of the steering wheels reaches 32°, which has a positive effect on the maneuverability of the vehicle;
• the use of the Spicer beam made it possible to abandon leaf springs in favor of a spring dependent suspension;
• the design of the steering knuckles does not require routine maintenance or replacement of lubricant;
• access to the mechanisms for repair is provided through a removable cover;
• increasing the rigidity of the structure and placing the gearbox and differential in a single housing made it possible to increase the service life of the unit;
• reduction of noise due to the installation of a modernized driven gear (the part can be installed in axles of an old design with a split housing).

Enabling and disabling the bridge

Torque is transmitted to the front axle gearbox using a cardan shaft with a splined coupling connected to a 2-stage transfer gearbox. There are 2 types of transfer cases on Patriot cars: mechanically controlled (Russian design) and electrically driven (Dymos gearbox, used since mid-2013).

To control the gearboxes, a lever or a rotary washer located on the central tunnel of the body is used.

Old-style transfer case control algorithm:

1. Press the clutch pedal all the way.
2. Move the gearbox control lever to the required position; the control algorithm is indicated on the plastic knob of the handle. The manufacturer allows the transition to torque transmission mode to 2 axles using direct transmission in the transfer case at speeds up to 60 km/h.
3. Release the clutch pedal and continue driving with active all-wheel drive. To disengage the front axle, you must press the clutch pedal again, and then set the transfer gear lever to the neutral position.

To engage the front axle on machines with a Dymos gearbox, you must turn the washer to the required position. The design of the transmission allows all-wheel drive to be engaged while driving, but if low range is required, the vehicle must be stopped. Then it is necessary to move the main box to the neutral position, which will enable the lower row in the transfer gearbox.

Front axle UAZ Patriot: Construction and repair

The UAZ Patriot has high off-road performance thanks to all-wheel drive. The front axle of the UAZ Patriot is plug-in.

Torque is transmitted to the bridge using a transfer case.

Design Features

The axle housing consists of a one-piece cast main gear housing, axle shaft housings (stockings) pressed into it, and a stamped housing cover.

The absence of a connector in the transverse plane of the bridge gives the structure high rigidity, the unloaded connection between the cover and the crankcase reduces the likelihood of leakage at the joint, and the placement of the main gear and differential in a single crankcase ensures high precision of engagement and more favorable conditions for the operation of bearings.

Thanks to all these design features, the actual service life of bridges has increased significantly. In addition, now to access the main gear and differential there is no need to remove it and “halve it” - you just need to remove the cover.

To reduce warping of the driven gear during its heat treatment and, as a result, reduce noise, increase the reliability and durability of the main gear, the thickness of the “substrate” of the driven gear was increased by 8 mm. However, this measure led to a change in the left differential cup. But, the new differential can be used on previous single-stage axles with a split crankcase, provided that a compensator ring is installed on the cup stud.

Spicer bridges are unified with single-stage bridges of the old design in a number of other details. These are differential bearings, rear axle axle shafts and almost all parts of hub units. The front bearing with a double seal (469-2307086-03) and the new double-edge seal of the drive gear flange are unified with similar parts of U-shaped (“military”) axles produced by UAZ OJSC.

As for the front drive and steering axles, here, in addition to the above points, it should be noted the new constant velocity joints ( CV joints ) of the " Birfield " type, which are much more durable than the hinges of the old design (" Weis "). Currently, all bridges of the Spicer and Timken types are equipped with such hinges. It would be worth recalling that to lubricate the Birfield hinges, a special CV joint grease is used, which must be placed not into the entire internal cavity of the steering knuckle, as before, but only into the hinge itself. The use of other types of lubricants, including the traditional Litol-24, is unacceptable. During operation, adding lubricant to the joint is not required. The internal cavity of the steering knuckle is still filled with Litol-24 lubricant.

Main gear: 1 - bolt; 2, 33 — spring washers; 3 - driven gear; 4, 24 — axle shafts; 5 — adjusting ring; 6, 22 — bearings; 7 — spacer sleeve; 8 — outer race of the outer roller bearing; 9 — roller bearing; 10 — thrust ring; 11 — oil seal; 12 - reflector; 13- flange; 14 — washer; 15 — nut; 16 — axle housing; 17 — adjusting ring of the drive gear; 18 — outer race of the internal roller bearing; 19 — internal roller bearing; 20 — oil deflector ring; 21 — shaft with drive gear; 23 — adjusting nut of differential bearings; 25, 39 — right and left parts of the differential housing; 26 - bolt; 27, 40 - support washers for axle gears; 28, 43 — axle gears; 29, 45 — differential satellite axes; 30, 41, 44, 46 — differential satellites; 31, 38 — differential bearing covers; 32 — retainer for the differential bearing adjusting nut; 34, 36, 37 — bolts; 35 — main gear housing cover; 42 — final drive housing cover gasket

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The ones produced have a gear ratio of 4.111 (37:9) or 4.625 (37:8). Axles with a gear ratio of 4.111 are installed mainly on cars with gasoline engines, and with a gear ratio of 4.625 - on cars with diesel engines.

The design of the Spicer front axle on a UAZ

So, long before the appearance of the Hunter, the cars of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant were equipped with two types of front axles - with a single-stage final drive (also known as “civilian” or “Timken”) and with a final drive (also known as “U-shaped”, “military”, “ gearbox"). The design of the “military” units had a number of distinctive features that provided advantages when operating the UAZ in difficult conditions:

• final drives that increase vehicle ground clearance;
• distribution of torque between gearboxes and the main pair;
• the main pair with fewer teeth, which were large in size, which made such bridges more reliable;
• “high-torque” gear ratio - 5.38;
• The rear propeller shaft for the “U-shaped” units was 1 cm shorter than for the “Timken”.

For the first time, the “Spicer” bridge, named after the American designer and owner of the Spicer Manufacturing Company Clarence Spicer, appeared on the UAZ-3162 “Simbir”, which was subsequently modified, and the new model received the sonorous name “Patriot”. Since then, “Spicer” has been installed on all subsequent UAZ vehicles, such as “Hunter”, “Pickup”, “Cargo”.

The front axle of the “Spicer” type, installed on modern UAZ vehicles, is combined, that is, both driven and steered. This is a rigid hollow beam with a differential and hypoid transmission housed in it. Torque is transmitted through the axle shafts from the main gear to the front hubs.

The axle shaft on this type of bridge is a single part, which is equipped with a CV joint of the “Beerfield” type. Hinges of this type are much more compact than those installed on “civilian” bridges; they work more efficiently at large angles, and also transmit greater torque. By the way, the above-mentioned CV joints are now installed on Timken axles, which are still used on some UAZ vans and SUVs. Such bridges are usually called hybrid.

The front and rear axles on the Spicer-type UAZ have a number of advantages over their “civilian” counterparts. Let's note the important ones:

• One-piece crankcase, which means a more rigid structure.
• Easy access to the units inside. To repair the front or rear axle of a UAZ, just remove the cover.
• At least 200 thousand km is the resource of the node.
• A helical transfer case is less noisy and more reliable than a spur gear. Since the front axle and low gear are engaged with one lever, operating the transfer case has become easier.

Since 2003, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant has been using its own production facilities to produce two types of Sprycer axles with a gear ratio of 4.111 or 4.625:

• narrow (track 1445 mm) for “Hunter”;
• wide (1600 mm track) for “Patriot”, “Cargo”, “Pickup”.

UAZs that run on gasoline are equipped with axles with a gear ratio of 4.111, and “Diesels” are equipped with “Spicers” with a gear ratio of 4.625.

Main advantages of the design

Before you begin to disassemble the device and the reasons for repairing the front axle, it is necessary to dwell on its advantages in operation. Let's dwell on the following points:

1. The track increased to 160 cm had a positive effect not only on the vehicle’s cross-country ability, but also on its stability on various types of road surfaces.
2. The steering angle of the front wheels increased to 32 degrees, which immediately had a positive effect on increasing the maneuverability of the vehicle.
4. A qualitatively new suspension, which included the Spicer bridge, increased the stability and controllability of the Patriot.
5. The steering knuckles have become more durable - now they require routine maintenance and lubrication less often.

Video review of the design of the front axle of the UAZ Patriot:

Description of components and construction diagram

The design of the front axle on the Patriot should begin with a description of the main elements and components. Among them:

• drive shaft and drive gear;
• driven gear with a large number of teeth;
• axle housing;
• roller type bearing;
• flange;
• nut for adjusting differential bearings.

The diagram of the front axle of the UAZ Patriot, which can be found on numerous thematic forums, demonstrates the presence of a large number of small and large parts that directly affect the operation of the unit as a whole. The Spicer crankcase (this is the name of the described design) is a cast element into which axle shafts are pressed and closed with a lid. It houses the main gear and differential, which improves the performance of the unit.

To service it, simply remove the cover to gain access. This may be necessary when replacing bearings, monitoring the oil level, and adjusting backlash. Another feature of the Spicer front axle design is that it is equipped with a new type of CV joints, which are famous for their durability. They should be periodically lubricated, but not with traditional Litol, but with a special product called CV joint-4.

As for the difference in the design of the structures of each of the drive axles, there are no particular fundamental differences here either. At the front axle of the Spicer Patriot, force and torque are transmitted through the differential and final drive. The beam is hollow, and a pair of semi-axles are placed in it, which account for the rotation from the driven gear.

Repair and maintenance of the front axle of the UAZ Patriot

For normal operation of the unit, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance. To do this, it is necessary to visually inspect the housing for lubricant leaks.

The manufacturer recommends changing the lubricant after every 30,000 km. When using the machine in extreme conditions, this figure is reduced.

If it is necessary to repair the front axle of the UAZ Patriot, the unit should be disassembled. You can disassemble the front axle without removing it from the car. Disassembly is carried out as follows:

• Install a car overpass, inspection hole or lift;
• Immobilize the vehicle by installing anti-roll devices under the wheels;
• Drain the used lubricant from the crankcase. To do this, you need to prepare a container with a wide neck;
• Jack up the front axle and install it on specialized supports;
• Remove the housing cover and the driveshaft;
• Where to mount the axle shafts;
• Unscrew the nut securing the drive shaft flange;

After completing these steps, the front axle gearbox components will be available for replacement. Assembly of the unit is carried out in reverse order. To facilitate the repair procedure, it is necessary to use the design diagram of the UAZ Patriot front axle.

From the above it follows that the front axle of the UAZ Patriot improves the vehicle’s off-road performance. The design of the unit makes it reliable and unpretentious to the conditions of use. For normal operation of the mechanism, regular maintenance is necessary.

Main types of faults and their causes

Let's look at possible malfunctions that await the driver when operating the UAZ Patriot, related to the design of the bridge. As a rule, they are associated with excessive wear or operation in harsh conditions, or natural aging of metal components and can be expressed in the following symptoms:

1. An increase in the noise level in the operation of the axle, which can be caused by the failure of the differential bearings, their incorrect adjustment, or an insufficient level of lubrication in the oil pan.
2. The occurrence of knocking noises when the car starts moving is most often caused by wear of the satellite axle.
3. The operation of the Patriot's front axle may increase noise during acceleration and/or braking. This is usually due to poor clearance of the main gear gears or poor engagement. Another reason for the phenomenon may be increased clearances of the bearings themselves.
5. A decrease (loss) in oil level is detrimental for a number of reasons. Firstly, the bridge seal immediately loses its elasticity. Secondly, the bridge cover holds worse, and the seals of the internal hinges wear out.
6. If noise is observed while cornering, then most likely we are talking about wear on the CV joints.

Determining the malfunction

CV joints are also popularly called “grenades”, which actually comes from the type of product. A CV joint malfunction can be caused by many reasons, which we will consider below:

1. The main reason for the failure of the “grenade” is damage to the boot, which ultimately entails the penetration of aggressive environments into the working element of the product.
2. If the part was made from low-quality materials, but this phenomenon is extremely rare.
3. Aggressive handling of the car while driving.
4. Lack of lubricants.

Thus, based on these reasons, the “grenade” malfunctions, which requires its immediate replacement. A CV joint is a kind of hinged product, the structure of which contains parts that work in close contact and under constant loads. As a result, any of the above factors leads to CV joint failure. It is not difficult to determine a CV joint failure. A characteristic sign of a malfunction of this product on the UAZ Patriot SUV is a crunching sound. This characteristic crunching sound comes from the balls moving along the groove due to the high degree of production.

A characteristic sound from under the wheels is heard at the moment of making a turn, during sudden accelerations and overcoming obstacles. But this is not the only sign by which you can be sure that the CV joint is faulty. To dispel doubts and make sure that the CV joint is faulty, you should resort to the following types of checks:

• when the UAZ Patriot car starts moving, constant signs of jerking movements are observed;
• the presence of free play of the CV joint shaft when trying to move it in different positions.

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If such types of faulty operation of a UAZ Patriot car are detected, the car owner must immediately carry out repairs, or, more precisely, if there is the slightest disruption in the functioning of the “grenade”, it will need to be replaced. We’ll look at how to replace a grenade on a UAZ Patriot later.

CV joint replacement

So, let's consider the process of replacing an important part of the front axle - the “grenade” or CV joint. Let us present the main stages of preparation, dismantling and installation of a new part on a UAZ Patriot SUV.

It is worth noting right away that replacing a CV joint is not an easy task, but any driver can handle it if he devotes a little time and attention to his car. Of course, the technicians at the service station will replace it in a matter of hours, but you will have to pay a considerable amount. But are such problems worth the big costs? Only in case of great hurry!

Important! Before starting to consider the process, it should be noted that “grenades need to be changed in pairs, even if only one CV joint has failed, then in the process of replacing it you need to install a new one on the other side.

So, replacing the main part of the UAZ Patriot front axle is carried out in three stages.

Stage No. 1 – preparation

The UAZ Patriot vehicle must be placed in an inspection hole and the parking brake must be turned on. For greater safety, shoes are placed under the wheels of the car to protect the car from unauthorized movement. Having taken a standard set of tools, you can go down into the pit and begin the process of dismantling the front axle element. Let's give an example of how to replace the left CV joint on a UAZ Patriot, and for the right one the replacement process will be similar.

Stage No. 2 - dismantling

1. Initially, the car wheel is removed. You can remove both wheels at once for ease of work. Everyone knows how to remove a wheel, so there is no point in dwelling on this event. Be sure to install supports under the vehicle body for added safety.
2. The brake disc is removed together with the ABS anti-lock braking system sensor.
3. Continuing the removal of the front axle CV joint, you need to unscrew the bolts securing the axle to the steering knuckle block.
4. Now you need to dismantle the axle together with the hub and coupling.
5. We proceed to dismantling the axle shafts and hinge.
6. The right CV joint is dismantled in the same way as the left one. It is important to take into account that during installation, do not confuse the parts removed from the right and left sides. Now you need to remove the “grenade” by applying force. A hammer and chisel will come in handy for this task.

It is important to strike correctly, as a result of which the “grenade” will disengage with the axle.

Replacement of this element of the front axle is carried out in case of complete wear of the old part. We will look at how a CV joint is repaired in other materials, but now it remains to figure out how to install a new “grenade”.

Stage No. 3 – installation

Before installing a new front axle product, fill the CV joint to the top with lubricant (it is recommended to use CV joint grease-4 or Litol-24).

It should be remembered that the right drive shaft is longer than the left one.

1. A plastic plug is mounted on the end of the shaft.
2. To equalize the air pressure inside the cover, use a screwdriver to press out its edge.
3. Do not forget also about the size from the end of the CV joint toe to the small edge, which should be 210 mm.
4. At the end of the work, you need to tighten the clamps well.

Thus, the left CV joint of the front axle of the UAZ Patriot is mounted. After carrying out the work for the first time, it will be easier for the driver to do this all subsequent times. The approximate service life of a CV joint is 60-100 thousand kilometers, but proper operation of the product also plays an important role in this.

Based on this material, you can completely freely replace the “grenades” of the front suspension of the UAZ Patriot.

Frequent malfunctions

The design of the front drive axle is highly reliable; possible malfunctions arise due to natural wear of rubbing parts or violation of operating conditions. Gearbox failures are associated with loss of crankcase sealing or damage to gears. The car owner can independently find the cause of the breakdown and carry out repairs in a garage.

High noise level

An increased noise level indicates a decrease in oil level and mechanical wear of the rolling bearings or gears of the main pair and differential. If adding lubricant does not reduce the operating noise, then it is necessary to disassemble the unit and replace worn elements.

After reassembly and restoration of the oil level, the functionality of the Patriot front axle is checked.

Noise during operation of the bridge occurs due to incorrect adjustment of the main gear gears. To restore normal operating conditions, the position of the parts is adjusted (using steel spacers), but if the teeth are damaged or worn, it is impossible to ensure the required contact patch. In this case, a complete replacement of gears is carried out; installing gears from different sets is strictly prohibited.

Oil leakage

Oil leakage from the Spicer UAZ Patriot axle occurs through the gasket between the cover and the gearbox housing, as well as through the sealing gland. The cause of the defect is wear of parts or damage to elements during installation or maintenance of the vehicle. To restore normal operating conditions, it is necessary to replace damaged parts; it is permissible to apply a sealant to the surface of the gasket. After repairs, it is necessary to restore the transmission oil level in the front axle gear housing.

Grease drying out

During operation of the machine, degradation of the lubricant located in the axle housing occurs. At high temperatures, the oil evaporates, and when overcoming water barriers, water enters the cavity. To check the lubricant level, use a control hole closed with a screw plug. If the owner regularly overcomes water obstacles, it is recommended to install extension hoses on the ventilation ducts. The lines are routed under the hood of the car, reducing the risk of water and dirt getting into the crankcases.

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Node jamming

Jamming of the gearbox occurs in the case of increased axial clearance in the bearing supports on which the drive shaft of the main pair rotates. Due to the movement of the axis, the contact patch between the gears is disrupted, which leads to wear and destruction of the teeth.

During operation, it is necessary to periodically check the condition of the bearings by rocking the drive axle by the flange intended for attaching the propeller shaft.

Rules of service

Axle maintenance consists of periodically checking the level and changing the oil in the crankcase (every 45 thousand km). It is recommended to monitor the condition of the sealing elements and parts holding the beam to the vehicle. It is also necessary to promptly adjust the axial clearances, which change due to natural wear of gears and rolling bearings. Additionally, the gap in the steering knuckle pins is eliminated and the toe angle is adjusted.

The old oil is drained after the crankcase has warmed up while driving. The housing design includes a threaded plug; a container is placed under the hole to collect waste liquid. It is necessary to wipe the surface of the plug from particles formed when the gears wear out (a magnet is provided in the design of the part). Oil is filled through a control hole closed with a threaded plug. The normal level of lubricant is located near the bottom edge of the hole.

Maintenance

To prevent the bridge from jamming due to premature wear of the gear teeth, you need to monitor the drive gear bearings - under no circumstances should axial play appear there. It’s easy to notice the gap; you need to bleed the drive gear by the driveshaft mounting flange.

To eliminate the axial play, you need to tighten the flange nut. Adjust the front/rear axle of the UAZ Spicer type carefully, the main task is not to overtighten. Since the nut has a core in the groove of the threaded part of the gear, it may not be possible to tighten it in its original position. Loosen the nut 0.5-1 turn, and then tighten again until the gap is eliminated and seal.

The axial play of the main drive driven gear is eliminated by tightening the differential bearing nut. To do this you will need to remove the locking plate.

The front axle of the “Spicer” type on the UAZ “Hunter” and other models is steerable. The camber of the front wheels is in the vertical plane (unregulated), the toe-in is in the horizontal plane.

Camber affects tire wear. A slight positive camber (2-3°) obviously will not greatly affect the wear of the tires, but when the pins, axle beams and liners wear out, it will quickly turn to the negative side, which will lead to a deterioration in the steering of the wheels.

But here the tires will wear out, and driving the car will be much more difficult. To prevent (or eliminate) the negative consequences of camber, wheels should be installed with toe-in.

The main thing in routine maintenance of Spicer front axles is to maintain the set oil level in the crankcase and change it on time. It is also important to monitor the condition of the seals and fastenings of the unit, as well as promptly eliminate axial clearances in the bearings of the drive gear and differential.

UAZ owners, what type of front axle is on your UAZ and have you tried replacing the “civilian” axle with a “military” one?

DIY repair

The design of the front beam allows for repair work to be carried out on one’s own, but some of the work is carried out under service conditions. For example, a car owner cannot correctly adjust the angle of deflection of the front wheels. The beam design includes a thrust bolt that does not allow the fist to be deflected by an angle greater than 31-32°, but determining the parameter is only possible on a bench.

Algorithm of actions when installing a new drive shaft oil seal:

1. Place the vehicle on a level surface, then apply the parking brake and place chocks under the wheels.
2. Using wrenches, unscrew the 4 bolts holding the propeller shaft flange to the counter pad located on the drive shaft shank. To make the procedure easier, it is recommended to treat the threads with WD40.
3. Remove the bolts and move the drive shaft to the side.
4. Unscrew the central nut holding the flange with the reflector on the drive axle of the front axle gearbox.
5. Use a screwdriver or an awl to pry up the worn oil seal, and then remove the part from the mounting hole.
6. Wipe the surface with a rag to remove any remaining oil and dust.
7. Install a new oil seal in its original place, using the worn part as a mandrel.
8. Mount the washer and flange on the shaft, and then tighten the fastening nut.

During self-service, it becomes necessary to adjust the alignment of the front discs and tires. To change the parameter, use a transverse steering rod, which is equipped with a coupling with lock nuts. Before tuning, the steering rod joints and wheel bearings are checked to ensure there is no play. To determine the angle, you need to measure the distances between the center lines on the sidewalls of the tires. When adjusted correctly, the clearance at the front is 0.5-1.5 mm greater than the distance between the tires at the rear.

Repair of key types of failures of the UAZ front axle

Many types of repairs to the Patriot front axle can be done independently in a garage. The following simple instructions, which cover the most common types of repair work, will help with this. Let's consider adjusting the bearing clearance, which must be done correctly so that this unit can function for a long time. First, we select the diameter and thickness of the ring, which must exactly match the bearing of the drive shaft from the main gear.

During rotation of the shaft, a torque is measured, the value of which should not exceed 1-2 Nm. In approximately the same way, an adjusting ring for the driven gear is selected. When installing differentials, the gaps must be set using adjusting nuts - this is clearly demonstrated by the repair diagram for the front axle of an SUV. After carrying out the above manipulations, all that remains is to check for the absence of backlash and check the contact areas of the gear teeth.

Another common occurrence is replacing the drive gear seal on the final drive. First, the flange is removed from the machine by unscrewing the mounting bolts, after which access to the oil seal itself is freed. The damaged element is removed from the socket and replaced with a new one by pressing it into its original place.

It is more difficult to dismantle the final drive - to do this, you must first hang the front part of the vehicle. By opening the drain neck, remove the entire volume of lubricant from the system. First, the left and right axle shafts are removed, and then the tie rod end. After disconnecting the cardan drive, the main cover is also removed in sequence. Along with the drive gear, the differential bearing caps are also removed from their places. Next, the drive gear with shaft and bearings are dismantled.

Video advice on repairing the front axle assembly of the UAZ Patriot:

Removal and installation of the final drive of the rear axle UAZ Patriot 3163

1. Repair manuals
2. Repair manual for UAZ 3163 (Patriot) 2005+.
3. Removing and installing the rear axle final drive

The main gear is removed for repair or replacement.
You will need: a 10mm wrench, a 19mm socket and a 27mm socket.

1. Place chocks under the front wheels of the car.

10. Remove the flange with the reflector.

11. Remove the bolts securing the differential bearing caps, remove the differential assembly with the driven gear and the shaft with the drive gear assembled with the rear bearing.

12. Remove the drive gear shaft flange seal (see “Replacing the rear axle reducer drive gear shaft seal” ).

13. Remove the front pinion shaft bearing from the rear axle housing.

14. Press out the outer races of the front and rear drive gear shaft bearings from the crankcase.

15. Install the parts in the reverse order of removal.

16. Adjust the main gear (see “Adjusting the rear axle main gear bearings” ).

17. Fill the rear axle housing with oil (see “Checking the level and adding oil to the rear axle housing” ).

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1. Car structure

1.0 Vehicle structure 1.1 General information about the vehicle 1.2 Passport data 1.3 Keys 1.4. Controls and instruments 1.5 Heating and ventilation 1.6. Seat belts 1.7. Seats 1.8. Doors 1.9 Mirrors

2. Recommendations for use

2.0 Recommendations for use 2.1. Safety rules and recommendations 2.2. What you need to have in your car 2.3 Operating the car during the warranty period 2.4 Running the car in 2.5 Preparing the car for departure 2.6 Features of driving a car in various road, meteorological and climatic conditions 2.7 Filling the car with gasoline 2.8 Using a jack 2.9 Towing the car

3. Problems along the way

3.0 Malfunctions along the way 3.1. The engine does not start 3.2 Malfunctions of the fuel injection system 3.3 No idle speed 3.4 Interruptions in engine operation 3.5 Diagnosis of the engine condition by the appearance of the spark plugs 3.6. The car moves jerkily 3.7 The car accelerates poorly 3.8 The engine stalled while driving 3.9. Oil pressure dropped 3.10. Engine overheating 3.11. Extraneous knocking noises appeared 3.12. Problems with brakes 3.13. Wheel puncture

4. Maintenance

4.0 Maintenance 4.1. General provisions 4.2. Daily Maintenance (EO) 4.3. Maintenance (TO-1) 4.4. Maintenance (TO-2)

5. Engine

5.0 Engine 5.1 Design features 5.2 Possible engine malfunctions, their causes and solutions 5.3 Helpful tips 5.4 Checking compression in the cylinders 5.5 Removing and installing engine mudguards 5.6. Replacing the suspension supports of the power unit 5.7 Replacing the generator and water pump drive belt 5.8 Installing the piston of the first cylinder to the TDC position of the compression stroke 5.9 Replacing chains and gears of the gas distribution mechanism 5.10. Hydraulic chain tensioners 5.12. Replacing engine seal parts 5.13. Engine cylinder head 5.15. Engine repair 5.16. Engine lubrication system 5.17. Engine cooling system 5.18. Exhaust gas system 5.19. Power supply system 5.20. Fuel vapor recovery system 5.21. Throttle Actuator

6. Transmission

6.0 Transmission 6.1. Clutch 6.2. Gearbox 6.3. Transfer case 6.4. Cardan transmission 6.5. Front axle 6.6. Rear axle

7. Chassis

7.0 Chassis 7.1. Front suspension 7.2. Rear suspension

8. Steering

8.0 Steering 8.1 Design features 8.2 Possible steering malfunctions, their causes and solutions 8.3. Steering column 8.4. Steering linkage 8.5. Steering gear

9. Brake system

9.0 Brake system 9.1 Design features 9.2 Possible malfunctions of the brake system, their causes and solutions 9.3 Bleeding the brake system hydraulic drive 9.4 Checking and adjusting the brake pedal 9.5. Main brake cylinder 9.6 Replacing the vacuum brake booster 9.7. Replacement of hoses and pipelines of the hydraulic brake drive 9.8. Front wheel brakes 9.9. Brake mechanisms of the rear wheels 9.10. Parking brake

10. Electrical equipment

10.0 Electrical equipment 10.1 Design features 10.2. Battery 10.3. Mounting blocks 10.4. Generator 10.5. Starter 10.6. Ignition switch (lock) 10.7. Electronic engine management system (fuel injection system) 10.8. Ignition system 10.9. Lighting, light and sound signaling 10.10. Windshield cleaner 10.11. Windshield and tailgate washer reservoir 10.12. Tailgate glass cleaner 10.13. Electric motor of the heating and ventilation system fan 10.14. Cigarette lighter 10.15. Instrument cluster 10.16. Immobilizer 10.17. Replacing sensors and switches 10.19. Car audio system

11. Body

11.0 Body 11.1 Design features 11.2 Possible body malfunctions, their causes and solutions 11.3 Removing and installing the radiator trim 11.4. Removing and installing bumpers 11.5. Removing and installing moldings 11.6. Removing and installing fender liners 11.7 Removing and installing front fenders 11.8. Hood 11.9. Side doors 11.10. Tailgate 11.11. Seats 11.12. Seat belts 11.13. Rear view mirrors 11.14. Interior fittings 11.15. Instrument panel 11.16. Heater 11.17. Windshield wiper 11.21. Body care

12. Applications

12.0 Appendices 12.1 Appendix 1. Tightening torques for threaded connections 12.2 Appendix 2. Temperature range of application of motor oils 12.3 Appendix 3. Fuels and lubricants and operating fluids 12.4 Appendix 4. Lamps used on vehicles 12.5 Appendix 5. Special tools and accessories

13. Electrical diagrams

13.0 Electrical diagrams 13.1 Diagram 1. Connections of the engine control system mod. ZMZ-409 (Euro-2) 13.2 Diagram 2. Electrical equipment of UAZ Patriot cars produced before 2007. 13.3 Diagram 3. Electrical equipment of UAZ Patriot cars produced since 2007. 13.4 Diagram 4. Connection diagram of the mounting block

Monitoring and scheduled maintenance

Experienced owners of UAZ Patriot SUVs pay special attention to regularly checking the condition of the oil seals. If replacement work is necessary, new oil seals must be lubricated with LITOL-24. The design of the front axle allows such repair work to be carried out as soon as necessary.

The design of the Spicer bridge, which is installed on UAZ Patriots, is quite simple in design. Thanks to this, you can carry out both maintenance and repairs yourself, having the basic tools in your arsenal. Long-term operation is always based on regularly scheduled maintenance.

Particular attention should be paid to monitoring the lubricant level in the axle gearbox and replacing it. If you have the slightest suspicion about the appearance of extraneous noise or other symptoms, you should follow the repair work sequences described here.

Video review of the front axle of the UAZ Patriot SUV:

Sources

• https://MyUazPatriot.ru/voprosy-i-otvety/gde-nahoditsya-i-kak-ustroen-perednij-most-na-uaz-patriot
• https://www.uazbuka.ru/most/front_axle_spicer.html
• https://krossovers.ru/vnedorozhniki/perednij-most-uaz-patriot-ustrojstvo-i-remont.html
• https://prohodimets.ru/transmissiya/uaz-patriot-shrus.html

How to turn on and off the front axle on a UAZ Patriot

The front axle on the UAZ Patriot is engaged by the transfer case. The manufacturer installed two types of transfer cases on the model. Older versions are equipped with mechanically controlled valves.

The front axle is engaged on a mechanically controlled transfer case using a lever installed in the car interior between the driver and passenger seats. The lever mechanically moves the transfer case rods.

Newer versions of the car are equipped with an electronically controlled transfer case.

The transfer case control unit turns on the electric motors. Electric motors move the rods to the required position.

To turn on the front axle on a UAZ Patriot you need to:

• disengage the clutch. To do this, depress the clutch pedal installed in the cabin;
• After disengaging the clutch, set the lever or regulator to the required position;
• After releasing the clutch pedal, the front axle of the car will be engaged. Disabling the axle drive should be done in reverse order.

ATTENTION: The manufacturer does not recommend turning on the front axle for long trips on good quality surfaces. Violation of this rule may lead to incorrect operation of the node.