For more than 30 years, from 1961 to 1995, the Kharkov Self-Propelled Tractor Chassis Plant produced the T-16 tractor. It is still actively used by farmers today: used as an excavator, loader, bulldozer, for mowing, hilling potatoes and vegetables, transporting goods and even plowing. Unlike conventional farm tractors, the T-16's engine and transmission are located in the rear, and the front is an open tubular frame designed to mount implements. This design allows the tractor driver to clearly see the working parts of the mounted implements between the rows.
Compactness, good maneuverability, maneuverability and simplicity of design have led to the fact that today equipment owners continue to independently modernize this machine. For example, they attach a plow, a row-crop cultivator, a seeder, and a potato digger. Craftsmen install a front drive axle and a mechanical winch on the T-16, which further increases the tractor's cross-country ability.
The design of the T-16 tractor was based on the DSSh-14 self-propelled chassis, which was produced at the Kharkov Self-Propelled Tractor Chassis Plant (Ukraine) from 1961 to 1967, and the tractor also began to be produced here. Almost 600 thousand of these cars were produced. Until now, rural residents use the T-16 for procurement and household work, and it is in great demand.
Technical details
The tractor is equipped with a diesel internal combustion engine, with compression ignition, brand D21, four-stroke, two-cylinder, with a power of 16 hp. s., with a 7-speed gearbox. The diesel engine uses a fuel distribution pump of the ND-21/2 type with an uneven alternation of working strokes (through 180° and 540°), which is necessary for two-cylinder engines with a single-row arrangement of cylinders and crankshaft cranks located at an angle of 180°.
The high-pressure fuel pump is equipped with: a fuel priming pump with a manual pump and a small-sized centrifugal all-mode regulator with a fuel supply corrector. Fuel filtration is provided by plate-slit type pre-cleaning filters and fine filters with replaceable paper filter elements. The diesel engine uses an air cleaner with an inertial element and automatic dust removal (first stage) and with a contact-oil element (second stage).
Oil filtration is carried out by a full-flow reactive oil centrifuge. Cooling is carried out by air supplied by an axial fan. The engine starts using a 2.8 liter electric starter. s., which is powered by a 12 V battery with a capacity of 135 A. h. To facilitate starting, glow plugs CH-150 are used.
The gearbox is three-shaft, with transverse shafts, but does not have full gear reversal. Provides seven forward gears (of which one is slow) and one reverse gear. Located in the common transmission housing. The internal cavity of the transmission housing, isolated from oil penetration, is the clutch housing, to which the motor of the self-propelled chassis is permanently attached.
Chassis frame design
The T-16 chassis frame consists of front and rear beams and side pipes, to which strips with holes are welded from below. Together with special platforms for the tractor chassis and the holes in the front beam of the frame, the slats are used for attaching mounted machines and implements.
There are two partitions inside the cast cavity of the rear beam. Steering transverse shaft bushings are pressed into their holes. The internal cavity of the rear beam is also used as an oil reservoir for the hydraulic system. The hydraulic distributor mounting brackets and battery supports are welded to the left frame tube. The front beam has a fork-shaped boss for connection with the front axle balancer.
Tractor chassis T-16
The universal self-propelled chassis is a type of wheeled row crop tractor. The self-propelled chassis differs from an ordinary tractor in its layout: the engine is compactly located behind the cab, and in front of it there is an open frame and front axle. The frame is usually double-beam, less often single-beam. Various mounted agricultural or special equipment is mounted on it, and a dump truck body is included in the basic configuration.
Because the equipment is located in front of the cab, it is clearly visible and easy to operate. As a rule, it can be quickly mounted and removed. The mounted implements are controlled using a hydraulic system. Usually, a significant part of the components and parts of a self-propelled chassis are unified with a wheeled universal row-crop tractor with similar characteristics.
Oil filtration is carried out by a full-flow reactive oil centrifuge. Cooling is carried out by air supplied by an axial fan. The engine starts using a 2.8 liter electric starter. s., which is powered by a 12 V battery with a capacity of 135 a.h.
To facilitate starting, glow plugs CH-150 are used. The gearbox is three-shaft, with transverse shafts, but does not have full gear reversal. Provides seven forward gears (of which one is slow) and one reverse gear. Located in the common transmission housing. The internal cavity of the transmission housing, isolated from oil penetration, is the clutch housing, to which the motor of the self-propelled chassis is permanently attached.
TRACTORS T-16, T-150, YuMZ, K-701, LTZ, HTZ | Topic author: TRACTOR
Guys, how to properly assemble the box for the K 701 and check it??
Simion (Olen) you need to know how to assemble this in a nutshell, you can’t explain it, but it’s easy to check - attach it with a cardan to the MTZ PTO and turn it, look at the pressure in all modes, how it switches, are there any jerks in pressure surges, in short, ELEMENTARY WATSON
Evgeniy (Zante) Thank you
Evgeniy (Zante) What if you check it with air?
Simion (Olen) it is not possible to get the air out into the narrowest spaces and not to achieve a pressure of 8-9 atm. the oil presses on the rubber seals and closes all the cracks
Evgeniy (Zante) This is clear, we’ll see whether the package works or not
Simion (Olen) the disks will of course shift, but whether it slips or not is unclear
Evgeniy (Zante) Do you add a disc for first gear?
Evgeniy (Zante) Please tell me again, if the disks are slipping, what should I do?
Simion (Olen) easy to change wheels
Evgeniy (Zante) What if all the new ones are installed and are slipping, or there is no pressure?
Simion (Olen) turn the valve half a turn
Evgeniy (Zante) Thank you
Simion (Olen)
Vakif (Janette) It’s better not to try it without an experienced mentor or mechanic, it’s better to test it at the station after assembly.
Evgeniy (Leosia) it is very difficult to repair a booster shaft in a garage, even in special workshops, after repair the shaft does not last very long, but if you carefully place the filter and new rubber bands on the shaft, there will be no problems
Natalya (Delisa) Topic K 701 operation and repair of gearboxes on the farmer’s website. RU.
Evgeniy (Zante) Thank you
T-16 capabilities
Open, without a cabin or canopy, the tractor driver’s workplace is located at the rear, with a mount for additional equipment on the frame in front. Thanks to its non-standard layout, the T-16 self-propelled chassis can work with a wide variety of agricultural implements and units: a plow, a row-crop cultivator, a seeder, a potato digger, a hiller, a cargo dump platform, loaders of various types, a chain saw, a grader shovel, a road cleaning brush (installed under the frame) , an excavator, a compressor station, a haystack thrower, a hay mower, a sprayer, etc. The T-16 self-propelled chassis is equipped with a front drive axle and a mechanical winch is installed, thereby increasing the maneuverability of the vehicle.
Device T 16
To protect the driver, the cab is placed on a frame using six rubber shock absorbers. The frame was made from rectangular pipes, which were fastened with bolts. Ventilation was carried out by fixing the roof in a raised position. The outer part of the cabin is equipped with headlights, windshield wipers, and mirrors. The driver's seat is made with an additional spring, with the ability to adjust according to the height and weight of the operator. To make adjustments, it was necessary to rearrange the bowl. The seat has a firm back and side armrests. A tool storage box is built into the left wing. Attachments for the T 16 tractor can be ordered at the dealership for an additional fee, taking into account individual needs. The following elements are attached to the unit:
- Plow, seeder, cultivator used to process agricultural crops;
- Devices to help plant and harvest potatoes;
- Transport platform, semi-trailer;
- Mechanisms that prepare food;
- Chainsaws for logging;
- Street cleaning brushes.
The T 16 self-propelled chassis is made with a rear-mounted transmission and engine. The attachments are located in front of the cabin. The center of gravity of the chassis is shifted closer to the rear wheels, which gives excellent traction.
Upgraded version of the T-16M
In 1967, the self-propelled chassis was modernized, which received an air-cooled diesel engine with a power of 25 hp.
s., a new gearbox and the designation T-16M, a frame cabin was already installed on it. The T-16M tractor uses a double clutch with combined control. The clutch clutch of a self-propelled chassis has a peculiarity: in it, the linings of the driven disk of the main clutch have a larger area and a larger friction radius than the linings of the driven disk of the PTO drive clutch (power take-off shaft). Therefore, the PTO drive clutch has increased safety functions against the effects of dynamic loads.
The central transmission of the T-16M tractor consists of a cylindrical drive gear mounted on the secondary shaft of the gearbox, and a driven gear pressed onto the differential housing. The differential housing rotates in two bearings mounted in cups installed in the side bores of the transmission housing. The differential of the T-16M self-propelled chassis is a closed type. The locking is performed by a toothed end coupling.
The tractor's final drive consists of single-stage gears mounted in two separate cast housings, which are connected to the rear axle housing through intermediate brake hoses. The main parts of these final drives are interchangeable, with the exception of the crankcase and its stamped pan.
The tractor brakes are simple, band brakes, installed in the sleeves of the differential axle shafts. The semi-frame frame of the T-16M self-propelled chassis is formed by a cast body and a central welded tubular semi-frame. On a self-propelled chassis, the engine and clutch assembly is attached to the main gear housing, and the semi-frame remains open to the dump truck. Due to the use of wheels of increased standard size, the load capacity has increased.
Improved model T-16MG
Since 1986, they began producing the modernized T-16MG self-propelled chassis, on which a full-fledged cabin and an improved D-21 A1 diesel engine were installed; the power remained the same - 25 hp. With. Improvements have affected many components and mechanisms, and the reliability of the tractor has increased. A serious advantage of this wheeled tractor is its versatility when used on various soils, since the wheels do not cause much damage to the earthen surface of agricultural land, unlike metal tracks. In 1995, production of the T-16 tractor was discontinued.
Modifications
Based on the T-16, two modernized models began to be produced: T-16M and T-16MG. A more powerful motor (25 hp) was installed on them.
Be sure to read: MTZ 80 engine power and other technical characteristics
The T-16M tractor is equipped with a cabin in the form of an awning. Due to the powerful engine, the speed increased to 24 km per hour.
The T-16MG tractor has an all-metal cabin; the designers have redesigned the transport platform. The cargo trolley was made into a tipper, and the speed of movement increased to 24 km/h.
Versatile and unpretentious
Many farmers and rural residents recognize that the T-16 tractor is the most versatile and useful of all small power tractors. Unpretentious to use, easy to repair and very reliable, the T-16 tractor has won national recognition and affectionate nicknames - “chassis”, “dasha”, “beggar”, “shaitan”, “waiter”.
At first, the machine was used for work in vegetable growing, spraying trees, and transporting small loads in difficult places. It was also used in small construction teams for transporting stones, sand, wood, winches, sawmills, welding machines, etc. Then it gained popularity in other areas: it began to be used by highways, utility companies and organizations, farmers and rural residents (in an individual household).
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Analog, prices
The chassis has several competitors. The first competitor, the SSh-2540 chassis, was produced at the tractor plant in Vladimir. The second analogue is VTZ-30SSh, which were assembled at VTZ (Vladimir) and KhTZ (Kharkov).
The T 16 has not been produced for 50 years; only used models are found on the automotive market. The cost for a more dilapidated chassis is 70 thousand rubles. A well-maintained, refurbished model can cost 200 thousand.
When purchasing such a chassis, check the functionality of each component and mechanism, and check the date of the last major overhaul. Spare parts for the T 16 tractor are still produced; there are no problems with purchasing spare parts kits.
