What is a hand grab and what is it used for? Sooner or later, all well owners are faced with a problem such as contamination. This does not depend on operating conditions, it’s just that over time, silt accumulates and settles at the bottom of the well, and therefore it has to be cleaned periodically. Indeed, unlike a well, which takes water from underground sources, water in a well seeps through the ground. It is also worth noting that there is no specific period after which it is worth cleaning. Most likely, you will determine that your well is clogged when there is less than 1.5 meters of water in it, or the water is not completely clean.
You can also conduct a water analysis every few months in order to know the quality of the water in your well and promptly clean it with your own hands if necessary.
Why and how often should you clean your well?
A reliable well house, of course, significantly limits the entry of debris into the well, but even it cannot completely protect the water from contamination. Fallen leaves and branches, not to mention dead animals and birds, cause significant deterioration in water quality as a result of the decomposition process. The rate of siltation also depends on the characteristics of the aquifer. In soft clay soil, silt forms noticeably faster than in hard rock. This slows down the flow of water and, accordingly, reduces the flow rate of the source.
Experts recommend clearing the bottom of silt at least once every five years. However, in some cases, cleaning the well using a grab or other device may be necessary earlier, which is facilitated by the following symptoms:
- significant turbidity of the water as a result of a violation of the tightness of the seams or poor performance of the filter layer;
- the appearance of clay deposits at the bottom due to the ingress of surface runoff;
- significant reduction in source flow;
- a noticeable increase in the bottom level;
- deterioration in the taste characteristics of water.
If any of these symptoms have been noticed, or cleaning measures have not been carried out for more than five years, then it is better not to put off cleaning for a long time and carry it out as soon as possible. Especially if you regularly use water from a well for drinking and cooking.
Signs that your well needs cleaning
The well must be cleaned if the water characteristics have deteriorated and the following has appeared:
- Turbidity. Often occurs due to a violation of the tightness of joints in the walls or a clogged bottom filter.
- Unpleasant taste - sweetish, metallic or earthy, moldy.
- Color or shade. Black is a sign of decomposition of organic matter, green is a sign of algae, yellowish-red is the presence of a large amount of iron.
Other signs indicating source contamination:
- there is debris floating on the surface, flakes or an oily film has appeared;
- clay deposits on the walls of the mine;
- damage to the joints of the rings is visible;
- The water level has dropped significantly.
If the well neck is not closed securely, leaves, dirt, and small animals (frogs, slugs, etc.) will fall into it. Fine sand is carried by underground streams from the depths, and if the source is located on quicksand, the level of sand reaches the level of quicksand.
Rigid suspension loaders
Such units are used for scooping material in large volumes. Used for unloading the holds of ships and wagons.
This grab is installed on a hook cage with a single-drum winch. The design of the unit has an upper head (a drive is installed in it) and jaws secured with hinges. The drive can be of different types:
- Lever.
- Hydraulic.
The mechanism for closing the jaws in such units is built into the design of the grab and is installed on a traverse or lever-screw system. An electrical cable is required to power the drive mechanism. In some models, the closing drive is located on the upper crossbar. With such grabs, the center of gravity is shifted slightly upward. Among the advantages of using loaders with rigid suspension, it is worth noting the compact design, as well as the lifting height. Among the disadvantages is the instability of the grab when scooping material from a slope. In this case, the center of gravity of the device shifts significantly.
We also note that multi-jaw grab loaders are also used in production. They have four to eight load gripping devices. Typically, such devices are used for difficult-to-scoop material. The loader's jaws are crescent-shaped and are attached to the lower cylindrical crossbar by means of hinges. The working angle of the paws ranges from 45 to 120 degrees. By the way, multi-jaw grabs are also used for loading timber. However, to prevent the paws from damaging the tree trunk, they have a flatter shape.
Buy a grab in Rostov-on-Don at the best price
More details about this category of equipment can be found in the catalog section. The store's consultants will introduce you to the features of the models and help you make a choice.
At the company's service centers, customers will be offered professional installation of the grab on special equipment. High-quality installation is the key to reliable and durable service of the canopy. The work performed will also be covered by a guarantee.
Contact our managers to find out the specifics of cooperation, current prices of grabs and other issues related to the purchase of this hydraulic equipment.
Video instructions for making a grab
How to make a grab from an old gas cylinder and use it to clean a well?
You can use an old gas cylinder to make a grab. It is this design that is presented in detail and with a list of advantages in this video.
Before you start cutting the cylinder, do not forget to make sure that all the gas has come out of it. You should not make cuts along the seams of the cylinder or near them, because it is in these places that the metal of the product is significantly reinforced. By cutting in this place, you will lose much more time and effort.
How to clean a well using a hand grab?
The video shows the process of cleaning a well using a simple hand grab. Since it is problematic to carry out surveys at the bottom of a well, the soil capture operation is shown on the surface of the earth. The process of removing a grab from a well and cleaning it from bottom sediments is clearly presented.
There are different ways to clean a well. Tools that will help you with your work include cold water pumps, grabs, or even simple scoops. You can make some of these devices yourself by adopting the recommendations that we have collected for you in this article.
Do you have personal experience in cleaning a well? Do you want to share effective methods or ask questions on the topic? Please leave comments - the feedback form is located below.
How does the grab work?
In order to make such a grab for cleaning wells with your own hands, as in the video, you can use a drawing that more than clearly shows the structure of such a bucket:
- Two parts of the bucket itself, and they do not necessarily have to be curved, like an excavator. They can be made square, and it is much simpler from a technological point of view;
- Linking levers. One end of such a lever is attached to the bucket, and the other to the axle. A total of four such spare parts will be required;
- Axis. It can be simply made from an ordinary pipe. The main thing is to be able to secure the levers at both ends of the tube;
- A chain or cable that is attached to both sides of an axle. It is worth noting that if you use a cable, it must be strong enough so that the bucket does not break. As we can see in the video, the grapple digs into the soil, and when you start to pull it out, a strong load is created on the chain;
- A cable that is wound around a winch;
- And, of course, to make it easier to throw dirt out of the bucket, you can connect its halves with a rope, with which you will open the grab.
Now you have all the information to make such a device with your own hands at your dacha.
How to make a water well with your own hands?
Operating rules
On the side chains, a hand grab is lowered into the well to the very bottom. At the same time, his “jaws” are opened to the maximum. When it reaches the bottom (this can be felt by the weakening of the chain tension), it is lifted by the central chain or cable, and the bowls automatically close under their own weight, scooping up the silt.
To pull the structure out, significant force is required. After being lifted, it is emptied and lowered into the well again - until the bitter end.
Related video: How to make a grab with your own hands
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Features of operation
It is very easy to work with such a grab. The central chain is wound onto the hoist drum. The rest are controlled manually. Next, we simply lower the grab into the well, but just before the water, the descent must be continued on the side chains. This is necessary for the grab to open. After it has completely sunk to the bottom, it rises up behind the central chain. Then it is simply pulled out and cleaned of silt.
After use, it is best to dry the grab and store it in a dry place, as bare steel can be severely damaged due to corrosion. The video shows the process of cleaning a well with a hand grab:
Deepening a borehole with a drill
Wells are divided into tube wells and shaft wells; the latter can be dug with a shovel with your own hands.
In this case, you will have to dig a hole with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 m, but the depth of the mine well will depend on how close to the surface the aquifer lies.
Therefore, many summer residents prefer an easier method of extracting water, by drilling a well with a diameter of 50 to 300 mm.
The deepening of a tube well is carried out using a drill and special pipes.
The lower part of the pipe of a water intake installation placed in an aquifer must have many holes through which water will flow into the pipe.
When deepening a well, a drill is used to loosen and feed soil upward, which may cause its walls to crumble.
To prevent the recess from becoming clogged, the well is equipped with a casing pipe with a diameter that can easily accept the drill.
If, when digging a simple well with a shovel, reinforced concrete rings are lowered along the walls to the bottom, then in this case, while the drill is working, a casing pipe is lowered into the recess, which is extended as the well is drilled using a threaded connection.
The drilled tube well has a vertical structure, so during operation the drill must also be in a strictly vertical position.
The device is rotated using a lever, due to which the drilling element can go deep into the ground to the full height of the tool.
After complete deepening, the tool is removed from the well casing, cleared of soil and returned to its original position.
Using this technology, drilling is carried out until the aquifer is reached.
The following video material will allow you to supplement the topic and examine in detail the work of the drill.
Video:
Description
Bridge loader with a double-jaw rope grab The device is a device consisting of a large iron scoop attached to a load-lifting crane and used to grab and unload the material lifted by the crane - sand, earth, rocks, scrap metals.
Grabs are also working equipment for mechanical and hydraulic excavators and are used in the development of soils below and above the parking level, as well as some other types of work - digging deep pits, cleaning ponds and canals.
Options
The value of the crane's lifting capacity (denoted by " Q
"), equipped with a grab, the masses of the cargo and the grab are included. The scooping ability of the grab depends on the ratio of these masses. In this regard, bulk cargo handled by a grab is divided according to bulk density into the following groups:
| Group | Bulk density (p), / | Description of goods | Grab weight |
| Very light | 0,4 — 0,63 | fluff lime, coal dust | 0.37Q |
| Lungs | 0,8 — 1 | dry powdered alumina and chalk, dry slag, fine and medium crushed stone, coal of all grades | 0.4Q |
| Average | 1,25 — 2 | small-piece gypsum, alabaster, dry small-piece clay, gravel, medium-piece limestone, broken brick, cement, coarse crushed stone | 0.42Q |
| Heavy | 2,5 — 3,2 | hard rocks | 0.45Q |
The lifting capacity of a grab is determined by weighing the material after a test scooping performed by the owner of the grab before using it for handling cargo of a given type (brand, grade). Test scooping is carried out from the horizontal surface of freshly poured soil. The grab ropes must be protected from chafing by the material grabbed by the grab.
The grab blocks are positioned and constructed in such a way as to prevent spontaneous opening and loss of ropes from the groove of the block.
Source
Grab bucket
| A grab mechanism with rectilinearly moving jaws. |
The grab bucket is suspended from the crane cross-beam, which consists of a parallelogram hinge mechanism, and can be rotated 180 around its axis using a special hydraulic cylinder. This design of the bucket suspension makes it possible to relieve it from lateral forces from the crane boom.
The grab bucket in these cranes is suspended from a trolley that moves along the lower chord of the bridge truss.
A grab bucket usually consists of two doors, the cutting edges of which are reinforced with strips of high-strength steel. The bucket is dropped onto the ground vertically in the open state, while the sharpened cutting edges of the bucket cut into the ground. When the closing cable is pulled, the jaws come together and the bucket is filled with soil. After this, the bucket is lifted up by a lifting rope. By rotating the upper platform of the excavator, the bucket is positioned above the unloading area; When the closing cable is loosened, the bucket opens and unloads.
| Scheme of trenching using the IKOS-Federa method - drilling a leading well. b – development of a trench with a grab. c – concreting the trench. d – development of the gap between concreted elements with a chisel with sliding edges. 1 – chisel. 2 – pump. 3 – vibrating sieve. 4 – be. tonite solution. 5 – formwork pipe. 6 – chisel with sliding edges. 7 - concrete. 8 – leading wells. The direction of movement of materials (bentonite mortar, concrete) is shown by arrows. |
Grab buckets are elongated and heavy.
A conventional grab bucket consists of two doors, the cutting edges of which are reinforced with strips of high-strength steel.
Using a grab bucket, the waste is reloaded into a feeder hopper, which has a bottom in the form of an endless belt with metal plates 2040 mm wide. Next, the waste is sent to an inclined conveyor, where large inclusions are selected. An SE-1 suspended belt magnetic separator is installed above the conveyor belt to extract ferrous metal, which is sent to a hydraulic baling press. The resulting bags measuring 100X400X300 mm are sent for recycling. Pressing time for one package is 2 minutes.
| Loader operating diagram. |
The connection between the grab bucket and the handle can be non-rotating, part-rotating and full-rotating.
The operation of a self-cleaning grab bucket does not differ from an industrial one and when the jaws are turned to the upper position, the scrapers 5, remaining motionless, clean the front and side walls of adhered material.
When using a grab bucket, the latter is lowered with its jaws onto the surface of the stack and is filled with the jaws gradually closing and the bucket turning towards itself. After lifting and moving the bucket to the body of the vehicle, the jaws open or tilt forward in a closed state, the material is unloaded.
Excavators with a clamshell bucket (Fig. 40, d) have a lattice boom and a jaw bucket suspended on a lifting steel rope. With the help of a system of blocks, when the traction rope is tensioned, the jaws of the bucket converge and grab the soil. They are used to develop deep trenches, pits and shafts.
The accumulated sediment is unloaded with a grab bucket mounted on a gantry crane. Observations have established that the duration of operation of the filter layer between overloads is 3–8 months. This is a disadvantage of the sump, as it complicates its operation.
When working with a clamshell bucket, you should expect different optimal ratios between the width and depth of immersion, since the influence of the bottom is affected.
Drive grab
Grab cranes use motor-driven grabs mounted on a hook cage with a single-drum winch. Motorized grabs can be used on a crane of the appropriate lifting capacity, but they have a greater mass than double-rope grabs. Controlling such a grab during unloading is simpler than using a single-rope grab. The design of the drive grab contains only support ropes.
Device
The grab has an upper head in which the drive is mounted, and hinged jaws.
The drives are available in different versions:
- electric hoist with chain hoist.
- lever devices.
- hydraulic cylinders.
In these grabs, the closing mechanism is built into the design of the grab and is a rope winch installed on one of the traverses, or a lever-screw or hydraulic system that tightens the traverses. To power the drive, a cable current supply is required.
The drive of the closing mechanism can also be performed on the upper traverse. The center of gravity of a grab of this design is shifted upward.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Advantages: compact design and preservation of the crane’s lifting height.
- The disadvantage of grabs with a locking mechanism on the upper traverse is the deterioration of the stability of the grab when scooping from a slope due to a shift in the center of gravity.
Cleaning with a grab
Using a grab, the bottom can be cleaned in 1-2 hours. The device must be located at the bottom so that there is free space around it, so it is selected in accordance with the size of the shaft.
If the diameter of the well rings is 80 cm, a grab of the following size is suitable:
- length (opened) 54-60 cm;
- height 54-60 cm;
- width 28-30 cm;
- weighing 12-15 kg.
The volume of such a device is 15-18 liters, it can capture 8-12 liters of soil.
Design Features
The grab is a bucket consisting of 2-4 interlocking moving parts (jaws), the design of which allows you to work in depth without expanding the boundaries of the processed area. It goes deep into the muddy bottom and when the valves join, it captures sediment.
The design for scooping in a well has the following features:
- The central part of the buckets is connected by an oblong hinge, which brings them together;
- the device is suspended on a chain or cable;
- For better capture of deposits, the jaws are equipped with teeth with a height and pitch of 20-25 mm.
The grab is made of metal. Filled with debris, it is difficult to lift it with your hands; it is better to use a lifting mechanism, which consists of 2 metal supports to which the drum is attached. The central chain is welded or laid on it. The grab is not made too bulky: the heavier it is, the more powerful the lifting device is required. But too little weight of the bucket will not provide downforce to grip the soil.
Materials and tools required for manufacturing
To clean the well, it is better to make a device of 2 parts - it is easier to use and manufacture.
You need drawings and the following materials and tools:
- sheet steel 2 mm thick;
- a chain or cable, the length of which is 2 times the height of the well with the addition of 2-3 m;
- bolts No. 8 - 6 pcs.;
- roller pin;
- spring mechanism;
- latch rod;
- retaining ring;
- cable roller;
- welding machine;
- cutter.
The main elements of the grab, which are made independently:
- buckets;
- craving;
- traverse;
- eyelets for the rope and for connecting rods and traverses.
Rope blocks, rollers and articulated joints can be made on rolling or sliding bearings. The bearing assemblies are provided with seals that do not require further maintenance. The sharper the grab teeth are, the more dirt they scoop up.
Rules for its use
To clean the well, single- and double-rope grabs are used, the rules for their use differ.
Features of working with single-rope devices:
- lifting and connecting the jaws is carried out with one rope;
- each leaf is hingedly connected to the lower and upper supporting bases (traverses), when they approach, the jaws close, and when they move away, they open;
- when unloading, the bucket lock opens after it is completely lowered to the surface, and if the design includes an unloading cable, the lock is forcibly removed in any position of the device and at the moment of opening the head hits the upper crossbar hard.
In a two-rope design, one rope supports the device, the second controls the closing of the valves, it happens like this:
- at the moment of lowering the grab, the second cable is weakened;
- when it comes into contact with the bottom, the supporting rope stops, and the second one is pulled up to ensure that the ground is captured and the valves are closed;
- After connecting the halves, the control rope continues to move upward, and to reduce the load on it and speed up the process, the supporting rope is also included in the work.
A grab of any type is lowered into the shaft with the doors open. After work, it is washed and dried. Store in a dry place.
Instructions for cleaning a well with a grab
Clean the well like this:
- Pump out the water and lower the grab.
- Immediately after it lands on the ground, they begin to rise.
- Separate the doors and allow the water to drain.
- Clean off the sand using a small spatula.
- The seals of bearings and other parts of the device must prevent lubricants from entering the source during operation.
- If necessary, remove the old bottom filter, wash it and install it back or replace it with a new one.
During operation, water from the well must be periodically pumped out, then the buckets will go deeper into the ground. It is better to throw the lifted load into a special container installed slightly to the side so that it does not interfere with movement near the well.
Materials for creating a manual excavator
You should make a homemade grader according to the instructions. First you need to take a metal sheet and cut out a plate 22 mm wide and 550 mm long from it yourself. The plate is cut in half along a zigzag pattern to create a kind of teeth. Each tooth should be no more than 15 mm in length.
To create a cleaning device, you will need drawings and the following materials:
- Steel sheets 2 mm thick.
- Two tubes with different cross-sections, one of which must fit neatly into the other.
- A reliable chain (it’s easy to calculate its length for wells: take the depth of the hole and multiply it by 3, since it is recommended to fold the cable into 3 layers for strength).
- Cutter.
- Welding equipment.
Next you need to make the sides. We cut them out so that there is an angle of 15ᵒ between the surface of the soil and them. Their height is 80 mm. At one end of the previously made plate, you need to weld the edge of the side, and do the same with the second element. The result of the work will be 2 scoops, which are connected to each other by teeth. In the first scoop for cleaning, you need to make a hole for the pipe, then it needs to be inserted and welded. In this case, the end of the pipe should not extend beyond the edges of the plate. You need to do the same with the other pipe and the second bucket; it is inserted into the first pipe in advance. Next, a 5 kg load for ballast is independently welded at the ends of each bucket.
To make it comfortable to remove the device from the well with your hands, you need to weld handrails onto it where it is most convenient.
To make the grab, strong metal should be used
. Finally, one chain is welded to each end of the pipe in the center. Their length should be approximately 1 m. They are fastened together and attached to the main chain. After this, the device can be used freely.
Classifications of grabs by jaw type
As mentioned above, the gripping elements of the grab are called jaws
.
Their number varies from two to eight. The shape of the jaws largely determines what loads the gripper can handle. Bucket grabs
are often used for digging and mining.
In order to improve scooping characteristics, the cutting edges of the bucket are supplemented with pointed teeth. Pincer grips
are convenient for loading round timber, pipes and other cylindrical objects of oblong shape.
Fork grabs
are used as agricultural equipment.
They are indispensable for high-performance loading of hay, straw, silage and other fibrous materials, both in roll and loose form.
Bulk, small-piece and prone to spillage (leakage) cargo are reloaded using closed
or
semi-closed
grab bucket.
Other types of cargo are handled by open grabs
, the blades of which do not form a continuous surface when closed.
Separately, it is worth paying attention to the trajectory of movement of the jaw grip. In digging devices, the jaws close along a “digging” trajectory, thereby allowing them to penetrate deeper into the excavated soil. Blades moving along a raking path, on the contrary, should not crash into the material
Their main task is to rake up bulk and small-piece cargo lying layer by layer on the surface. Hence their purpose is completely different - loading
Blades moving along a raking path, on the contrary, should not crash into the material. Their main task is to rake up bulk and small-piece cargo lying layer by layer on the surface. Hence their purpose is completely different - loading.
When carrying out work in a confined space, for example, when digging a well or a borehole, such a parameter as the maximum span of the grab jaws is important. The smaller the overall span width, the better. Ideally, the sweep width should match the digging width. Today, there are grab models with a fixed span width.
, ensured thanks to the kinematic pattern of movement of the jaws along fixed guides.
When digging and loading rocks of heterogeneous hardness, grabs with independent jaw closure
. The classic option, when the design of the drive involves the simultaneous uniform closing of all jaws, fails in this case. If one of the jaws encounters resistance on its way during closure and stops, then this blocks the work of the others. Independent (alternate) jaw alignment solves the problem. This is realized by integrating spring mechanisms into the thrust of each jaw, leading to the redistribution of forces on the grab elements in order to grasp the load more tightly.
There are grab grips with individual drive
each jaw. A separate actuator for each “claw” allows you to significantly increase its power. Moreover, this solves the problem of uneven closure described above.
The rotation of the grab around its axis is carried out due to a rotary installation
. Equipping the lifting and loading mechanism with a rotator allows you to grab loads from any position, which is especially important when lifting containers and containers that have strictly defined gripping points.
Well prevention
Prevention is carried out in the spring and includes the following work:
- inspection of the shaft and the outer part of the well;
- disinfection.
After winter, cracks, displacement of rings and other damage can be found in the trunk. In this case, repair work is planned.
Disinfection is necessary if:
- the well was flooded by flood waters and spring rains;
- corpses of small animals were found in the water;
- the mine smells of rot;
- the source was not used in winter.
The simplest method of preventive disinfection is using potassium permanganate:
- 1 tbsp. dissolve potassium permanganate powder in 1 bucket of water, pour into a well and mix by lifting and pouring water from the bucket, or in another way.
- Close the well and leave for 5-8 hours.
- Pump out the water.
To ensure that the well and the water in it remain clean for as long as possible, the following preventive work is carried out:
- with irregular use, they pump water well;
- build a clay castle and repair it in a timely manner;
- do not leave the source open to avoid the ingress of leaves, branches, and debris;
- build a shed (house);
- install complex filters.
Ultraviolet lamps effectively purify water and allow for less frequent preventive disinfection using chemical reagents.
A grab is a device that is designed for extracting and loading bulk cargo (bulk, dusty, lumpy). The grab is also designed for piece goods and cleaning wells. Speaking about the grab unit, there are 2 varieties that are fundamentally different in purpose. The first type includes grab buckets for digging soil. The second includes the devices that are needed for loading and unloading.
What is a well cleaning grab?
The full cycle of operation of a 1-rope device (excavator) takes place in stages. The first stage is lowering: the winch of the lifting device functions for lowering. The excavator with its jaws fully open is lowered onto the working surface until it stops.
You can either make a grab yourself or buy a ready-made one
The next stage is the capture: the lock snaps into place, the winch rises, which leads to a neat closure of the jaws, and the load is grabbed. Lifting - when the jaws are finally closed, the lifting winch drum continues to wind the cable, which leads to the separation of the grab bucket from the surface and its subsequent lifting to the required height.
Unloading occurs according to the following algorithm:
- The bucket sent to the unloading site is lowered to the surface.
- This leads to the opening of the locking mechanism.
- A further rise provokes its opening.
- The bucket is emptied, and you can continue working - loading and unloading material.
The main disadvantage inherent in the 1-rope device is that the locking mechanism is unlocked after the bucket is completely lowered when it touches the surface. This reduces the efficiency of the cleaning process. A special unloading cable helps to avoid this, which forcibly removes the locking mechanism block, regardless of the height at which the bucket is located. This technical solution speeds up the unloading procedure significantly, but leads to a very loud impact of the head on the top of the traverse at the moment the gripper opens. In order to prevent loosening of the grab, stabilizer cables are used.
What equipment is used for cleaning
The presence of a well on a property does not mean that it will always delight the owner with clean and fresh water. When the task of cleaning a well inevitably arises, you have to use a clamshell bucket - a device for a strictly limited range of tasks. In terms of external design, a well cleaning bucket looks like huge jaws, endowed with powerful tearing and gripping forces. By closing, these jaws are capable of lifting bottom sediments, freeing the well’s capacity from everything unnecessary. The grab equipment then empties the bowl on the surface, for example, into a pre-prepared loader. The design of this equipment includes:
- jaw;
- cable;
- roller for fixing the cable;
- connecting bolts;
- fixing ring for grab;
- spring mechanism;
- latch rod.
Cleaning work requires preliminary pumping of water from the well. To do this, you can use a mechanical pump or some other method. Then the ladle is plunged down with the halves separated. At the moment the equipment comes into contact with the bottom, the jaws close. Silty deposits, accumulated debris and all the excess that ends up in the well are captured. All this rises to the top, where the bucket is released. Often homestead owners make a bucket for cleaning a well on their own, but professional equipment will cope with the task at a higher level.
Procedure for cleaning a well with a pump
Cleaning a drinking well from silt, sand, organic deposits and putting the filter in order does not require frequency:
- if the well is constantly used, it is enough to carry out the entire range of work once every two years,
- when using the source periodically at large intervals, the mine will have to be emptied once a year.
At the same time, it is important to carry out all work carefully and carefully, observing all the rules and requirements, so that until the next period of planned cleaning, the well source of drinking water functions without serious violations. The procedure for cleaning a well shaft from dirt and silt:
The procedure for cleaning a well shaft from dirt and silt:
- Pumping out water is a very important preparatory operation. You must first remove leaves and other large debris from the surface of the water if it gets there.
- Lower two pumps into the shaft at the same time: a drainage pump, also known as a mud pump, and a vibration pump. The first device will lift silt and sand from the bottom. The second installation is necessary for pumping dirty water to the surface. The drainage pump is suspended at a height of 40-50 cm from the bottom and securely fixed in this position. The vibration pump must be periodically raised to the surface to clean the filters.
- The initial stage of pumping can be carried out with a pump for clean water, especially if it is already installed to supply liquid to the home water supply and for irrigation. You must first ensure that the liquid is drained into watering tanks or a drainage ditch, and also check whether the established settings of the pumping equipment will not interfere with the task.
- Cleaning the walls of the shaft is carried out after the column is drained or as the water decreases. For these purposes, hard and soft brushes are used, which are convenient for removing silty deposits. After this treatment, the walls must be washed to make a thorough inspection easier.
- Next, you will need a cement mortar or sealant. It is necessary to carefully inspect the surfaces and carefully seal all the cracks and cracks that inevitably appear due to soil displacements. Well-done sealing of the walls will protect drinking water from the ingress of clay or sand.
- Then you need to fasten the concrete rings of the shaft together with special brackets to minimize the possibility of them shifting in the future.
- This is followed by bottom cleaning, which involves removing dirt, silt deposits, and organic sediment from the bottom of the well. To do this, you can use an ordinary bucket on a rope or use a convenient and productive grab.
- The next step is to remove, wash or replace the bottom filter, if any.
- Lastly, the bottom is washed, as well as the mine and water are disinfected.
How to clean clay without going down into it?
A special self-priming pump is used. Difficulties may arise when performing work, as layers of gravel, sand, and crushed stone form at the bottom. If the well is not cleaned in a timely manner, these layers will become compacted among themselves. A high-power pump is required that can quickly pump out liquid.
The work begins with the following:
- Lower the pump to the bottom for cleaning.
- It dives to a distance from the bottom to one meter, maybe half a meter.
- Then the pump turns on and the dirt is pumped out.
- Afterwards, the liquid from the pump should be directed back into the shaft. The jet will break up all sediments at the bottom.
It is extremely important to lift the device to the surface from time to time in order to clean the filters. The process is repeated until clear liquid comes out or until no large inclusions remain
Before disinfecting water in a well, you can take it to the laboratory for testing.
Features of using a grab bucket
A grab is a structure consisting of two buckets. In the center they are connected by oblong-shaped hinge levers. A chain or cable is attached to the edges of the buckets, which will pull to close the grab bucket. It will be good if it is light in weight.
Using a grab bucket completely eliminates the need to go down into the mine yourself. Its use will allow you to lift silt, sand and other dirt from the bottom of the source. The work can be done virtually alone, but it will be easier with assistants.
Before using it, the liquid must be completely pumped out. Then the work is carried out in the following sequence:
- The grab bucket is suspended by a cable.
- During descent, silt is captured (due to its falling under its own weight).
- Then pull the cable and the buckets will close. A locking ring is installed to prevent them from opening when lifted.
- Next, the grab is lifted by a cable to the surface.
- The buckets open. All trapped silt, sand and the like are removed from them.
This tool is considered optimal for cleaning the bottom of a well.
How to clean a well?
In fact, cleaning a well is a fairly simple process, for which it is not necessary to hire specialists - after all, everything can be done with your own hands. There are several cleaning methods. The most popular of them is directly descending to the bottom of the well and removing excess soil. To do this, you will need another person who will pull out buckets of sludge.
And the second popular way is to use a special bucket, the so-called manual grab. At the same time, it is not necessary to buy it in a store - such a device can be made with your own hands using a special drawing. If you don’t understand the drawings, you can always watch the video and repeat everything yourself:
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It is worth noting that in order to make such a ladle, it is not necessary to have serious knowledge - straight hands are enough. In addition, it is not necessary to repeat the homemade grab presented in this video; you can always make a bucket of the dimensions you need.
The essence of how this device works is that you lower it to the bottom on a rope. Due to the weight, it sinks to the bottom and crashes into it a little. At the same time, while you lower the bucket, it remains open, and when it touches the ground, you close it, thereby scooping up the sludge like an excavator. After this simple manipulation, you lift the structure up, pour out the silt and repeat the whole process again and again until you clean the bottom. To understand how such a bucket works, you can watch the following video, which clearly demonstrates its capabilities:
Grab drawing
A homemade grab is a device that is structurally similar to a large mechanized grab. It differs from the latter only in its small size and the absence of a machine drive.
The purpose of a hand grab is to clean wells from deposits of silt and bottom debris. It is unsuitable for digging soil due to the low force on the closing buckets.
Rules for using a hand grab
To conveniently work with a homemade device, it is recommended to follow a number of simple rules:
- When descending, the main chain can be wound around the lifting mechanism, the short chains are controlled manually.
- The grab is lowered into the well with the buckets open. Using a winch, the device is lowered to the bottom of the structure.
- After reaching the bottom, the device is raised using the central chain. In this position, the buckets close, capturing part of the soil with silty deposits and bottom mud.
- After lifting, the device is thoroughly cleaned of dirt. The lowering/ascent working cycle is carried out until the hydraulic structure is completely cleaned of contaminants.
- After completion of work, the grab is cleaned and dried. To avoid corrosion on steel elements, it is better to store the device in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Even a novice and inexperienced master can construct a grab for a well. All that is required for this is a great desire, free time and the ability to work with welding equipment.
Use Cases
The lifting device is used not only for cleaning wells. This is a multi-functional bucket that is often suitable for many excavation jobs. Its purpose remains the same: lifting any bulk materials to the surface. There are manual grabs on the market that perform the same function, but on a much smaller scale. Classification of equipment by jaw model Well buckets are always equipped with a lifting mechanism that can be hung on:
- crane;
- excavator;
- other special equipment.
This mechanism is especially appropriate when underwater work is underway. For example, it is impossible to raise minerals mined from the bottom of a reservoir in any other way. For this purpose, special vessels are used, which act as the basic equipment for the grab. The loading grab always has a reinforced structure. After all, bulk materials in quarrying can weigh quite a lot. In addition, this equipment is capable of moving pipes and logs for further transportation. According to their structure, well buckets are divided into two types: motor and rope. In quarrying and mining, motorized models are used because they are more powerful. Of the entire line of these products, hydraulic graders, which are designed with hydraulic cylinders and supply hoses, are particularly productive.
How to make a grab for cleaning wells with your own hands?
What is a hand grab and what is it used for? Sooner or later, all well owners are faced with a problem such as contamination. This does not depend on operating conditions, it’s just that over time, silt accumulates and settles at the bottom of the well, and therefore it has to be cleaned periodically. Indeed, unlike a well, which takes water from underground sources, water in a well seeps through the ground. It is also worth noting that there is no specific period after which it is worth cleaning. Most likely, you will determine that your well is clogged when there is less than 1.5 meters of water in it, or the water is not completely clean.
You can also conduct a water analysis every few months in order to know the quality of the water in your well and promptly clean it with your own hands if necessary.
What else do you need to know?
If you want to clean the well yourself, then first of all you need to pump out the water from the well as it was done in the video:
It's very simple, you just need to have a pump, a hose and a carrying case, if suddenly the well is located far from the outlet. If you do not pump out the water, you will not be able to carry out high-quality cleaning, because, firstly, you will not be able to see anything because of the water - it will simply become cloudy. Secondly, every time you will pull out a couple of liters of water, why should you waste extra effort? Therefore, if you clean the well yourself, pumping out the water is mandatory.
Also, after cleaning the bottom, do not forget to clean the walls of the well from the inside. To do this, you can take a hose and simply wash the walls with water pressure. The latter, by the way, will have to be prepared in advance, or can be taken from a well, if available.
If the dirt dries and cannot be washed off, you can clean it off with a long mop-brush. It is also worth adding that it is best to clean the well in dry weather - then it will fill with water more slowly, and you will not have to pump it out often. Despite the fact that in the video the water is pumped out in winter, the author does not clean the well, as this would be wrong.
Don’t forget to stock up on water in advance, because after cleaning the well, the water in it will be cloudy for at least a day. In such a case, it is advisable to have a well in the yard, but if there is none, you can always fill the barrels.
That's all the basic tips that can be shared on this topic. We hope that the information presented will help you clean it yourself without spending extra money.
Cleaning the well with your own hands
The quality of water depends directly on the cleanliness of the well, which must be cleaned two or even three times a year. There are two methods, performing sequential actions of which you can get rid of sediment, plaque and microorganisms without the involvement of equipment and various services.
First option: do it yourself
Self-cleaning a well consists of several successive steps. We should not forget that with any option, the seams should be completely examined. If necessary, then make them completely sealed
This is pretty important
Pumping out water using a pump
So:
- Initially, it is necessary to pump out the water. Only 0.3-0.5 meters is enough to free part of the ring for cleaning. A bucket for cleaning wells is not suitable. You should use a compressor, it is freely available and its price is not high;
- You can use a large-pored sponge to clean the wall, but it will quickly wear off. A metal brush would be better. It will easily clean the surface of the rings.
- We lower the pump into the well and pump out the water from the first ring;
- Using safety equipment, we lower ourselves and clean the ring as described above;
- After cleaning the first area, you need to pump out the same volume of water again and continue cleaning until you feel the bottom. Then the water must be completely removed so that you can begin cleaning the bottom;
- This work is done using the grab that was mentioned earlier. If you have not purchased it, then we carry out the work using the old fashioned method, using a ladle we fill a bucket and lift everything up;
Cleaning the bottom with a bucket
Cleaned walls are restored using a special solution. Its manufacture requires cement in combination with liquid glass. This solution serves as an insulation that prevents surface water from entering the well;
Checking and sealing seams
- After sealing all seams and cracks, disinfection is carried out with a bleach solution. For this, a 10% solution is prepared. After treating the walls, the residues are poured to the bottom, and in order to avoid evaporation of the active substance, the well is covered with a lid and a tarpaulin to completely seal and block all pores.
- The bleach is allowed to sit for at least two days, after which the water must be pumped out twice without leaving any residual traces of the chemical. Such manipulations should be carried out up to three times a year to keep the water clean. In order to ensure the good quality of the water, you can submit a sample for water analysis.
The second method is with a drain pump
This type of cleaning can only be carried out if there is a sufficiently powerful pump, otherwise circulation may not occur or the device may fail altogether. A weak pump will only make the situation worse by lifting sludge from the bottom and leaving a suspension in the well. This will lead to unnecessary financial costs. It is worth thoroughly preparing for drainage cleaning. So:
- The joints must be treated with sealant, and damage to the integrity of the wall must be eliminated. After this, the natural well filter is cleaned, which consists of layers of gravel, sand and crushed stone. During the operation of the well, the filter may become clogged with silt, and as a result the water becomes cloudy.
- The drainage pump, corresponding to the depth of the well, is immersed to a depth of 50-100 cm from the bottom. From the moment of launch, there is a powerful pressure of water directed to the bottom, which rinses out silt and sediment. All dirt passes through the filter, and purified water again enters the well under pressure.
- In this way, drainage occurs, resulting in sludge remaining on the filter. It needs to be cleaned periodically, and work should stop when the filter stops becoming clogged.
- Cleaning the well must be done, because health depends on the purity of the water and its quality. You can choose any method, the main thing is that the work is done correctly and to the end. A clean well will delight you with tasty and fresh water.
As can be seen from the above, all the work is not so difficult
It is not important to have great qualifications here. The main thing is to do everything on time and then you will not have problems with water
How to clean a well yourself
It is recommended to clean wells and manholes:
- for prevention - once a year if there is no bottom filter and once every 2 years if a filter is installed;
- capital - every 3-5 years.
You can clean a well up to 15 m deep with your own hands; if it is deeper, you should contact a specialist.
Manual method
The work is carried out like this:
- Water is gradually pumped out of the well, and 1 person is lowered into the shaft on a safety rope. Using top-to-bottom movements, he uses scrapers and sponges to remove dirt from the wall.
- The bottom of the well is cleaned with a shovel with a shortened handle. Using a bucket, garbage, silt, and then bottom filter material (coarse sand, gravel, crushed stone) are lifted to the surface. In this case, the water from the bottom must be constantly pumped out, otherwise more liquid will get into the bucket than sand.
Rubbish rises from the bottom of the well in a bucket.
Using Pumps
To operate, you need 2 pumps and 2 containers, which are installed near the well. One of them is filled with water from the mine, then it is pumped back down. In the other is the end of a hose connected to a drainage pump, which pumps out sludge from the bottom. The supplied jet lifts and agitates the sludge.
The drainage pump is fixed at a distance of 50-100 cm from the bottom. Periodically take it out and wash the filter. In 3 hours you can remove a layer 15 cm thick. The well is considered cleaned when the filter stops clogging.
Pumping mud out of a well.
Using the grab
Sludge is captured when the buckets hit the ground. When cleaning the bottom with a grab, you do not need to go down into the shaft; the work can be done by 1 person.
The grab can be operated by one person.
Signs that your well needs cleaning
Regardless of what elements the shaft is constructed from, well walls inevitably accumulate silt and organic deposits, which contribute to the destruction of the walls and the appearance of an unpleasant odor. If the mine depth is greater than 25 m, it is necessary to seek help from specialists with special equipment. If the well is not very deep, then you can clean it with your own hands or using special simple units.
There are a number of external signs indicating that it is time to clean a well or borehole:
- Turbidity. If the water has become noticeably cloudy, then soil particles have most likely entered the source of drinking water as a result of a violation of the tightness of the joints in the walls of the mine.
- Color. High-quality water is always clear; if it has a color or tint, this is a very bad sign. If the liquid smells green, this means that microscopic algae have begun to grow and actively reproduce in the well. Black color is a sign of decomposition of organic matter. Yellow shades indicate an increased content of iron compounds; it is necessary not only to clean the well, but also to install a special filter.
- Taste. Harmless water has neither taste nor smell. If it has a taste, this indicates a high content of metals, and a sweetish taste indicates a high nitrogen content.
The need to clean a well source may also be indicated by a significant decrease in the water level, the presence of foreign objects in the well, the presence of an unpleasant odor that intensifies when the liquid is heated, as well as noticeable damage to the walls of the shaft.
When is cleaning needed?
The fact that the well needs cleaning is indicated by a decrease in the water level in it. If the bottom has become silty, then the supplied water is no longer clean and transparent. Its low quality can be explained by depressurization of seams and penetration of building materials inside. Over time, some of them settle to the bottom or partially dissolve. Often a well needs to be cleaned due to the presence of foreign materials at the bottom. Special and most dangerous cases include the color of the water. If it has a pronounced greenish color, then we can conclude that there are microscopic algae in it. This means that such water is not suitable for food, it cannot even be given to animals. Reproducing bacteria can become a source of many infections, so such a well must be cleaned immediately. Decaying organic matter saturates the water with excess iron, so the water may also acquire a yellowish tint. Sanitation is especially important in the spring, after the snow melts. Atmospheric precipitation poses a hidden threat. They can turn water into a toxic mixture, corroding the walls and poisoning the contents. We offer to buy well buckets at an affordable price from the best suppliers. They are used not only for cleaning, but also for digging wells. The principle of operation in this case is the same: grabbing the soil and lifting it up.
