Any craftsman can assemble a plow for a mini tractor with his own hands.
With the receipt of land ownership, many peasants organized personal subsidiary plots, some became farmers and formed large land tracts. The experience gained in working for the state now began to work for the rural workers themselves. Large equipment on small plots of land was no longer needed, and mini tractors came into fashion. Accordingly, the equipment for such equipment is also specific, and it is often cheaper to make the necessary equipment yourself. The main agricultural tool for cultivating land is the plow. It is not always possible to buy a ready-made tool, but anyone can try to assemble a plow for a mini tractor with their own hands.
How to do it?
Modern models of walk-behind tractors can be equipped with a reliable plow made by yourself. Varieties of this element: double-turn, reversible, two-body, rotary or Zykov’s product. There are quite a lot of design options. There are even options in which the body is made of a gas cylinder. It’s not difficult to make a high-quality plow for motorcycles yourself if you follow certain rules.
Rotary
The manufacturing of the structure can be divided into several main stages.
Prepare a good dump in the shape of a cylinder. This must be done exclusively in accordance with the drawing. The part is made of alloy metal
It is important to follow the drawing when making the structure yourself. They put out the ploughshare. The wedges are inserted into the iron sheet (3 mm) at an angle of 45 degrees. Connect the ploughshare to the shield on the side
Be sure to ensure that the blade of the ploughshare is located just below the shield itself (1 cm, no more). Attach the blade to the ploughshare. The working half with the ploughshare is welded to the metal tube, which serves as the base, using a welding machine. On the opposite side - fasteners for motorcycles. When the plow is ready, you can weld an axle with wheels in its lower half.
Turning
The rotating type of plow is rightfully recognized as one of the most functional and practical. This design is an excellent assistant for plowing land on a site, because it can cover a fairly large area. The plow is also good because you don’t have to waste time with it after each approach. You will only need to turn the plow and move in the opposite direction. The productivity of equipment will increase significantly. The main actions are performed in the same way as in the case of a rotary mechanism, but in this case the cutting elements must be below the skid (at least 2 cm).
Disk
It is possible to assemble a disc plow for machinery with your own hands. A similar model is assembled from the following parts:
- disks;
- fist;
- axles;
- bracket;
- scraper;
- drive beam;
- pens;
- screeds.
The disks for the device can be taken from an old “seeder”, if you have one in your arsenal. These elements are installed at an angle to increase work productivity. The hiller is hung on the equipment through the coupling bracket. The T-shaped leash from the plow is screwed to it using bolts and a stopper. At impressive speeds, the hiller may begin to slip, so you will have to work exclusively at low speeds or with twin wheels.
Dimensions
The dimensions of different types of plows may vary. You can consider the parameters of parts using the example of a rotary specimen. It is taken into account that the rotary type of such a device is assembled from the following bases:
- side vertical part of the runner;
- horizontal plane below the skid;
- front dump part.
The most productive is considered to be a plow in which the cutting edge at the bottom of the fixed share is 20 mm below the bottom of the horizontal skid. Another correctly aligned part of the plow is the matching of the cutting edge on the side of the fixed share with the cutting edge on the side of the moldboard. The share and blade should not protrude more than 10 mm beyond the boundaries of the vertical plane on the side of the skid.
There is one more important nuance - fastening the front plane of the blade share without visible cracks and gaps, and in the same plane. If we look at these parts in more detail, they should be well polished and, like a mirror, reflect any surface. There should be no protruding fasteners under any circumstances. As soon as the plow returns from earthworks, it is advisable to clean it of settled soil and foreign particles. Elements that have been polished should be poured with oil or coated with grease. Next, the mechanisms need to be rubbed using a rag. In this way, it will be possible to protect the structure from aggressive external influences, which can lead to the formation of corrosion on the surface of the plow.
As for the 4th correctly constructed structure, it includes the flat front surface of the ploughshare, which makes an angle of 20 degrees with the flat part of the plow structure. It will be equal to the angle located at the rear of the exposed share. The cutting sidewalls-edges of the plowshare and blade will also have 20-degree angles with their bases on the side of the furrow. Moreover, the edge located on the side of the blade may be slightly rounded.
Description of frame assembly work
The frame is taken as the base - the guild, the drawing can be viewed below. You can make it from a piece of metal rectangular pipe with thick walls 52x40x7 mm. A fork is made for the support wheel. To do this, two wider walls are cut off on opposite sides.
The middle of the frame is marked; this is where the cross beam will be welded. In the same place, the rack-springs are attached using welding. The drawbar will be attached to them. There is a hole left on the front of the frame, the beginning of the fork. It should be welded tightly, otherwise during operation soil and debris will get into the hole and clog it. This will make it rust quickly.
There is also a hole at the back of the frame, which is welded with a rivet. A round hole of 11 m is drilled in the rivet. An M10 nut is first welded onto the rivet.
Plow shank attachment
Next, the plow stand is attached. To do this, a hole is drilled in the wide walls at the end of the pipe on both sides. It is made rectangular and has dimensions of 31x16 mm. The plow stand is attached here. The side walls (narrow) are also drilled through to a diameter of 10.2 mm. The handles will be attached here using M10 bolts.
Handles are made separately. To do this you will need a half-inch metal pipe. You can take it from an old plumbing system. The size and bend of the handles depends on the height of the person who will work with the plow.
The handles need to be made as follows. The pipe is flattened at both ends with a hammer. 10.2 mm holes are drilled into them and attached to the frame using bolts. For convenience, a waterproofing tape or rubber strip is wound on top. This will make it easier to hold the element with your hand when working.
It is necessary to give the structure additional rigidity. To do this, take the same half-inch pipe. It is welded as a cross member.
Making a drawbar and fastening a wheel
In order to make the drawbar, they also take an iron pipe.
To do this, take a piece and cut a thread on both sides. Using hinges, the pipe is attached to the springs of the frame strut. The connection is made through a special plug on the axle with welded nuts. The fork is also made from the same rectangular pipe, but they take a small piece and cut a channel out of it. A half-inch coupling should be secured to the channel walls. A long M10 bolt is used as an axis for the hinge. A tee with a hole through ? is mounted at the end of the drawbar. The thread in the tee is ground off and a piece of pipe is inserted, which is selected according to diameter and length. The wheel can be used from an old bicycle, but it will not withstand the load, so they only take rubber from it. The disc according to the diameter of the wheel is cut from a sheet of getinax with a thickness of 25 mm. A hole is drilled in the center of the wheel where a nylon hub-bearing will be inserted. A groove is machined along the edge for the tire. For the wheel axle, a long bolt with a diameter of M10 is also used.
Most common varieties
The plow can be of different types:
- 2-hull – characterized by maneuverability and ease of use (a double-hull plow can serve for a long time and provide large volumes of work);
- disk - will provide reliability and withstand heavy loads;
- single-hull – very light, ideal for seasonal work;
- reversible - “active” plow, the parts in which rotate - a little heavy, but convenient and efficient in operation;
- horse (or equestrian) – produced for working with “human” force, that is, with horses, but it is also easy to make yourself (for example, from a bicycle frame);
- changeover plows provide not only stable operation, but also save fuel.
As you can see, the design thought does not dry out, and the variety of plows makes it possible to cover any needs of both the area and the workers. In addition, if you ask yourself how to properly adjust and how to set it up, devote some time to them, then you can get the ideal option for a particular case. Let us add that sometimes it is advisable to use a rotary option.
Various plow designs
First you need to decide on the design of the device, because there are several different types.
Cylindrical
The cylindrical type of the plow is distinguished by its excellent versatility, because it is suitable for almost any type of soil and field size. This shape allows you to cope well with crushing soil. In addition, making such a unit yourself will not be a problem.
Cylindrical
The only drawback of this design is its shallow penetration into the ground.
Half-screw
If you do not need to loosen the soil, but only need to raise layers of soil, then the semi-helical shape of the working part of the plow would be an excellent option. It penetrates deeply into the ground, but at the same time practically does not create a loosening effect. It is usually used for heavy soil.
Lemeshny
There are also plowshare plows, but they are quite difficult to make with your own hands, so they are not worth considering.
Turning
If you need a reversible plow for a mini tractor, you can make it according to the trailer principle. It is also contained on a single chain for turning. With each pass, there is no need to return to the beginning of the field, since thanks to the turn, the plow turns the furrow in the other direction, which allows you to get equal furrows after passing the mini tractor.
This model has three main parts:
- lower horizontal structural plane of the runner;
- side;
- front dump plane.
The cutting edge must be positioned 2 cm below the runner. The side edges of the blade and the share must match. The ploughshare should lean against the blade tightly, without gaps. If you manage to put together such a model, then you can safely weld the structural elements and enjoy a good result.
How to make a plow for a walk-behind tractor and a walk-behind tractor with your own hands
First, let's look at a plow for a walk-behind tractor or a mini tractor, which you can make with your own hands according to the drawings. For visual analysis of the device, we recommend it free of charge.
This plow is aggregated with agricultural machinery of traction class 0.2. These can be heavy walk-behind tractors or mini tractors:
- Belarus-082;
- Belarus-112;
- Belarus-132N;
- Belarus-08K;
- KMZ-012, T-0.2 (Uralets);
- HTZ-8 (Prykarpatets).
Brief technical characteristics of the PN-2-20 plow:
- working width – 0.4 m;
- tillage depth – up to 25cm;
- productivity – up to 0.05 ha/hour;
- weight of the structure – 67 kg.
Cultivating a large plot of land is a labor-intensive and energy-consuming process, which cannot be done without the use of technical devices. Thanks to the plow, the soil can be properly prepared for sowing, as well as processed to get rid of weeds and dead wood after harvesting.
The plow is attached to mechanized equipment, which, through high draft force, sets the unit in motion. While working with the plow, the top layer of soil is lifted by the ploughshare, and then simply turned over. This allows you not only to loosen the soil, but also to improve its aeration. Moreover, tillage with a plow destroys up to 90% of the weeds growing on the site!
How to make this useful unit, which is necessary in every household? First you need to take care of purchasing the necessary high-quality materials. For the plow blades you will need steel about 5 millimeters thick. The plowshare itself should be made removable so that it can be periodically taken out and sharpened. For the body, use hardened steel, which can be treated with anti-corrosion solutions before welding.
To make a special functional plow blade, be sure to adhere to the following recommendations:
- Cut a cylindrical working surface of the dump from a metal sheet.
- Using a sheet bender, the cut parts are bent by 22-23 degrees, while the latter are strictly adjusted to the required shape and size.
- Please note that the size of the hollow metal pipe for the dump is about 55-59 centimeters in length. The wall thickness should not exceed 5 millimeters.
- The blade blank itself must be preheated in order to then perform matrix bending.
The body for the circle itself can be made from a metal sheet with a thickness of at least 3-4 millimeters. A square with sides of 50 by 50 centimeters is cut out of it, to which you need to successively attach a ploughshare, side shields and a blade. At the same time, ensure strict adherence to the required angles between the plow components. The presence of gaps or inaccuracies during installation can have a detrimental effect on the durability of the unit. Having welded all the parts together, you need to clean the seams, and it is advisable to sand the plowshare with the blade to avoid rust.
When you have mastered all the intricacies of making a plow for walk-behind tractors and mini tractors, you can move on to more complex tasks.
Reversible plow 5 body on T-150 (PLP-5-35):
This is a 3D model of a 5-hull reversible trailed plow PLP-5-35 for the T-150 tractor or other tractors with traction class 3 and higher. Using this 3D model of a plow for production, you will not need drawings. The structure was disassembled into more than 100 parts down to the smallest detail. The project was created in 3D CAD file format *.STEP. This format is supported by many CAD editors, including the free FreeCAD.
Note. Working with the STEP format in FreeCAD is not very convenient. The program requires a lot of computer resources to load all the details of the device. Just opening a file on an average laptop takes about 10 minutes. If possible, use the paid professional AutoCAD program.
Drawings of a plow for a walk-behind tractor
Using the experience of craftsmen who made a plow for a walk-behind tractor with their own hands and left drawings, the ploughshare should be made in such a way that it can be removed, this will make it easier to sharpen it before plowing.
Alloy steel 9ХС, from which I make blades for hand saws, is considered an ideal material for the cutting part of a plow.
Suitable steel grade 45, when hardened, brought to a hardness of HRC 50-55. If you only have ordinary steel on hand, say carbon St5ps, which is not subject to heat treatment, then by beating the cutting edge on an anvil and sharpening it, it is quite suitable for cultivating the soil.
Plow blade for walk-behind tractor
The moldboard of the plow is the part that takes the earth to the side.
The first method of making a blade:
The working surface of the blade must be given a curved shape. If you have a metal bending machine or sheet bending rollers, then giving the workpiece the desired shape will not be difficult.
A metal blank with a thickness of 3-5 mm is required, the rollers are directed at an angle of 20-22 degrees, as shown in the drawing, and the desired bend is given.
Second way:
Here, prepared. A pipe with a diameter of 600-650 mm can serve (this is the diameter that will require less labor, since the bend of the pipe will maximally repeat the desired bend of the future dump) and a thickness of 3-5 mm. We make a template from cardboard and apply it to the pipe, not forgetting the angle of 20-22 degrees, as shown in the drawing below.
We outline the template with a pencil or chalk and cut it out using gas. welding, if necessary, grind the workpiece and bring it to the desired condition.
Third way:
Probably the most difficult method of making a moldboard is when the workpiece is heated and, using a matrix, given the desired shape, which can be a moldboard from another plow.
The material of the plow body is steel sheet grade St3 - St10 with a thickness of 3 mm.
Drawing of plow parts for walk-behind tractor
a — ploughshare made of alloy steel;
b — side shield of the rack, St3;
c — spacer plate, St3;
g — plow base plate, St3;
d - field board, corner 30x30 mm;
e - stand, pipe with a diameter of 42 mm
We advise you to first make the plow parts from cardboard and attach them to each other at the required angles. Thus, the values of the angle α on different parts of the plow body will be from 25° to 130°, the values of the angle γ - from 42° to 50°. If the homemade model of a cardboard plow suits you in all respects, you can move on to working with metal.
When the metal parts of the plow are ready, you need to find an additional sheet of steel 3 mm thick, 600x600 mm in size, it will be needed to assemble the plow, and a welding machine (preferably an inverter). On this sheet we retreat 40 mm from the edges and measure the angle γ0.
Plow assembly
1 - ploughshare;
2 — side shield of the rack;
3 - additional sheet 2-3 mm
Using wedges with an angle α0=25 degrees and an angle γ0=42 degrees, a ploughshare is installed on the additional sheet and tacked to the sheet by welding, pointwise on both sides.
The side shield of the rack is connected to the ploughshare vertically so that its edge extends beyond the ploughshare by 4-7 mm, while the raised shield should be higher than the blade of the ploughshare (that is, higher than the additional sheet) by 6-8 mm, so as not to interfere with the ploughshare, cut the ground. The shield is also attached to the ploughshare and to the additional sheet.
Next, the blade is attached to the ploughshare very tightly, without leaving a gap, so that their surfaces are one whole. The angle between the upper edge of the blade and the ploughshare blade is equal to (γmax − γ0) = 6-8°.
Mounting the plow share
- ploughshare;
— countersunk head screw M8;
- dump;
— base plate;
— corner 30x30x90 mm;
- M8 nut
If it is found that the corners and/or surfaces do not correspond, the blade is adjusted using a hammer. After fitting the blade to the ploughshare, it is welded from the back to the ploughshare and to the side shield. Then the side shield is welded to the spacer bar and the base plate; the thrust corners for the ploughshare are attached to the latter by welding.
Followed by. Inspect the finished plow again, and if everything is clearly welded completely. Add. the sheet is separated from the body with a chisel or LNA. All welds are ground.
Equipment manufacturing methods
A homemade unit can be made in two ways.
- In the first case, a steel pipe is used to make the dump, the diameter of which is 55-60 centimeters and the wall thickness is 0.4-0.5 centimeters. Initially, you need to make a template from thick cardboard. For this purpose, appropriate drawings are used. If you have sheet-bending rollers at hand, then the workpiece can be given the required shape as simply as possible. The blade blank is cut out using scissors. When feeding it to the rollers, an angle of 20 degrees is maintained. After bending it, modification is done using a hammer.
- The second option is a rather labor-intensive way to make the unit yourself. To make it, you need to heat the workpiece in a forge or in any other convenient way. Next, it is bent along the matrix. For this purpose, the blade from the attachments of the T 25 tractor is most often used. Sheet steel is used as a raw material for the production of the body. The next stage involves placing the template on the pipe while maintaining an angle of 20 degrees. The outline of the dump can be drawn using chalk. Next it needs to be cut off. For this purpose, gas welding is most often used. The contour is processed using sandpaper. If the need arises, the blade contour is modified using a hammer.
Manufacturing technology
Initially, the elements of the unit are manufactured from thick cardboard. For this you must also use drawings. In order to make a homemade plow as correctly as possible, it is necessary to maintain the appropriate angles. If the parameters of the unit suit you, then you need to make it out of metal.
After manufacturing the metal elements of the plow, it is necessary to use a steel sheet to assemble them, the thickness of which will be from 2 to 3 millimeters. You need to step back from the edges of the sheet and put a corner on it. In order to make a plow with your own hands, you need to install the plowshare on a metal sheet.
- Correct manufacturing of attachments for the T 25 tractor requires the use of welding to fasten the ploughshare to a metal sheet. Next, you need to place the side shield of the rack under the plowshare. This is done in such a way that it is located in a vertical position and extends beyond the edge of the ploughshare by about 7 centimeters. It also needs to be attached to the metal sheet and plowshare. Welding is most often used for this purpose.
- In order to correctly make a plow for the T 25, it is necessary to fit the moldboard to the ploughshare. It requires maximum tight joining with the canvas. The plowshare blade and the top edge must be at the correct angle. Otherwise, they will need to be finished with a hammer.
- In order to properly manufacture a homemade unit for the T 25, it is necessary to attach the spacer bar to the side shield by welding. If you don't know how to do this, you can watch the video on our website. The shield, plowshare and side sheet must be connected to each other by welding.
The work of a homemade plow
In order for the T 25 plow to independently hold the furrow, a two-wheeled block is fitted to it. The width of the furrow wheel should be 4-5 centimeters, and the diameter should be 32 centimeters. The diameter of the field wheel should be 20 centimeters. The axle for the plow wheels on the T 25 tractor is made from a pipe whose size is ¾ inches.
On one side, the pipe must be bent 90 degrees and a bushing must be welded to it, on which the furrow wheel will later be installed. The field wheel is mounted on the other side of the pipe. The wheel axle is manufactured as a composite one. The pipe itself is attached to the attachment beam by welding.
Setting up the plow
In the video you can see the plow in action (second option)
The depth of soil plowing with a tractor plow ranges from 20 to 24 centimeters. The same distance should be between the field wheel and the toe of the ploughshare. If you provide the ability to move the field wheel vertically, the plow can be adjusted according to the depth of plowing and the width of the soil during work. If you don’t know how to enable wheel movement, then you can watch a video on this on our website.
Making attachments yourself is not very easy, but it is still possible. The main thing is to choose the right material and adhere to the production technology as accurately as possible.
How to make a plow for a mini tractor with your own hands
know some nuances
Raising a layer of earth to a height of up to 30 cm, the body receives heavy loads, and its surface is subject to abrasive wear. Therefore, for the working parts of a homemade plow, it is advisable to use metal 4-6 mm thick.
It is advisable to make the ploughshare removable (it will be easier to sharpen before use). The best materials are 9xC steel (disks for circular saws are made) or 45 steel.
Considering everything described above, you can start making a dump. It is done in three ways.
- The working part of the blade is in the shape of a cylinder. If you have some kind of sheet-bending tool (for example, rollers), then it won’t take much labor to make a workpiece of the required shape. The metal blank of the dump (can be cut by gas electric welding or metal shears) is fed at an angle of 21-24° onto rollers or a sheet bender, bent and straightened according to the template.
- A pipe (wall thickness about 6 mm) with a cross-section of 50-65 cm is suitable as a dump. A template is made from cardboard, applied to the pipe, traced with chalk and cut off using gas welding. If necessary, finish it with a hammer.
- The most labor-intensive option is when the workpiece is preheated in a forge and bent along a matrix.
The plow body is made of metal sheet (Art. 3 - Art. 10) at least 4 mm thick.
Experts advise first making all the parts out of cardboard and gluing them together, maintaining the required angles. If this cardboard model meets your requirements, then you can begin making a metal plow with your own hands.
Assembly
If the angles do not match
Afterwards, a base plate is welded onto the shield (thrust corners are welded here for the ploughshare) and a spacer bar. This structure is carefully inspected and, if there are no errors, the plow is completely welded. The steel sheet on which welding and assembly was done is disconnected from the finished plow using a grinder or a chisel. Welding seams must be cleaned, the plowshare and blade are sanded with sandpaper.
To make a homemade plow self-propelled, a two-wheeled walk-behind tractor is installed on it. Having made a plow with your own hands, you can buy a strong and reliable assistant in the form of a mini-tractor for little money, for cultivating the land in a field, in a vegetable garden or on a personal plot.
Safety precautions
When operating a homemade plow, appropriate safety measures must be observed. Among them, the most important points can be highlighted.
- while the plow is moving along the furrow, it is unacceptable to adjust it in height, clear the wheel and ploughshare from the earth and other manipulations associated with human participation;
- all connection points must be securely fastened - play is unacceptable;
- it is necessary to carry out timely cleaning of mechanisms and sharpening of cutting elements;
- Perform all actions only with the plow immobilized and the tractor turned off.
To ensure labor safety, it is important to carry out work that meets the technical characteristics of a specific agricultural mechanism. Excessive loads can lead to rapid wear, damage to the unit and harm to human health.
To learn how to make a plow on a mini-tractor with your own hands, see the following video.
A plow for a mini tractor is necessary to cultivate the land before planting. The presence of the unit allows you to increase labor productivity. The stores offer a wide selection of agricultural tools, so homeowners will find equipment for their garden and vegetable garden. With its help, you can quickly cultivate large areas of land.
Mini tractors are suitable for garden work; they have attachments. By purchasing a plow, you can quickly plow the land and prepare it for planting.
