Combine harvester Don 1500B: technical characteristics, model modifications

Don 1500B is an optimized version of the legendary Don 1500 grain harvester, the production of which started back in Soviet times. launched production of the model in 1986. special equipment showed high performance in harvesting grain crops and began to be used throughout the Soviet Union. During its production (over 20 years), the technical parameters of the combine have remained virtually unchanged, but it remains relevant today. The main feature that distinguishes the series is the proprietary scraper conveyor, which allows harvesting and processing of grain mass without human intervention. Only in the early 2000s did Rostselmash begin to develop a replacement for the Don 1500B, and in 2006 the Vector and Acros models finally replaced this equipment.

Purpose

The machine was created for harvesting grain crops of various types by direct and separate combining methods in places with a slope of no more than 8 degrees. Additional equipment allows you to use the combine for working with cereals, legumes and small-seeded crops. Operation of DON 1500B is possible in all climatic zones, which expands the scope of application of the equipment. If there is a stacker, the machine is suitable for collecting straw and chaff from the field; if there is a chopping device, it is suitable for chopping and then scattering it across the field or loading the resulting mass into a cart.

Advantages

"Don-1500B", the technical characteristics of which make it one of the leaders in sales on the agricultural machinery market, is endowed with the following undeniable positive qualities:

• Its wheels are equipped with tires with low pressure and high lugs. This allows the unit not to sink even into very wet and viscous soil during long-term operation.
• The combine engine is very economical.
• The impressive diameter of the threshing drum allows even large, wet ears to be processed well.
• To protect the threshing mechanism from clogging, a special system for lowering the so-called concave and its high-speed release is provided.
• It is possible to mount headers of three sizes. Moreover, the design of this working body is so well thought out that it allows you to accurately copy all existing soil unevenness. Replacement of the header occurs quickly and without any difficulties for the personnel.
• Ergonomic, spacious driver's cabin, which is well protected from noise, moisture and dust. It also has an air conditioner installed to maintain a normal microclimate and provide comfortable conditions for the worker.
• Increased grain tank size. This feature makes it possible to less frequently drive vehicles to transport crops to the combine, which also leads to fuel savings during harvesting.
• The combine was specially designed for the domestic agricultural industry and therefore is often much more efficient in operation compared to foreign analogues. Spare parts for agricultural machinery of this type also have a relatively low cost.
• Simplicity and ease of repair. Many machine operators very often independently repair a machine in the field, without resorting to outside help.

Modifications and features

The first copies of Don 1500 appeared in 1986. All subsequent versions were the result of modernization of the debut model.

Harvester modifications:

• Don 1500A is the first option, considered the standard model. The special equipment was equipped with 2 large wheels in the front and 2 small ones in the rear. The design of the combine used an SMD-31A unit with a very inconvenient location, and the reaping part had the ability to copy the terrain;
• Don 1500B is a modernized version of the classic model. The previous engine was replaced here with a more powerful YaMZ-238 AK engine. Other innovations included: a wider speed range, an enlarged unloading auger, a reverse drive mechanism for the header, a deck to eliminate sticking when collecting wet grain, an enlarged crankshaft crank, a second stone catcher hatch, and an enlarged upper sieve. Another important addition was a picker, which made it possible to separate the harvested crop. Don 1500B completely replaced the debut version in 1994;
• Don 1500N – version for work in non-black earth areas;
• Don 1500R – modification for harvesting rice. The half-track combine moved confidently through weak and wet soil and had a smaller header width.

Features of Don 1500B:

• a threshing drum with one of the largest diameters in the world;
• reliability;
• ability to work with harvesters of various sizes;
• low-pressure tires with significant lugs, allowing you to work on any type of soil;
• high-speed release system to prevent clogging;
• large volume bunker;
• low cost and availability of spare parts. The combine can be repaired even in the field. In terms of maintenance and operation, the model will cost much less than its foreign counterparts;
• Ease of Management.

Disadvantages of Don 1500B:

• the engine is located too close to the operator’s cabin, so the hot air heats up the cabin too much, which affects the level of comfort;
• lower level of convenience, functionality and reliability in comparison with foreign competitors.

The history of the creation of the Don-1500B combine

Equipment is produced under the well-known brand Rostselmash, which specializes in the production of combines for harvesting grain and feed, energy-rich tractors, trailed and mounted agricultural equipment . Today, the list of products supplied to the market under this brand includes over one hundred and fifty modifications and twenty-four types of machines. The share of the Russian market occupied by the enterprise is more than 65%. Foreign market – 21%.

The company consists of thirteen companies scattered around the world. And the workforce here exceeds eleven thousand people. The first five workshops were built in three years, from 1926 to 1929. In 1930, the first Rostselmash combine, called Kolkhoz, was tested, after which combine construction became the main specialization of the enterprise. In connection with these circumstances, another workshop was built next year with an area of ​​​​four hectares and a plan to produce ten thousand units of equipment per year. The modernized equipment of the Kolkhoz in 1932, called Stalinets-1, began to be supplied abroad in 1937. And in 1940 the amount of equipment produced was fifty thousand units. During wartime in 1941, before the capture of Rostov, Rostselmash equipment was transported to the city of Tashkent. When Rostov was surrendered in 1943, the Germans left ruins on the site of the plant, although on the tenth day after that thirty-three machines were already working there. And by 1947, the workshops were practically restored, and the world became acquainted with a modernized combine harvester called Stalinets-6. At the end of the fifties, the plant mastered the production of SK-3 self-propelled vehicles, and in 1962 it was modernized into SK-4. In the seventies, the plant was re-equipped. Then he launched the production of the SK NIVA line of agricultural machinery. In 1984, the number of equipment manufactured here already amounted to two million. And two years later, the Don-1500B was put on the market.

Specifications

Dimensions:

• length (in transport position with header) – 17500 mm;
• width – 4400 mm;
• height – 3980 mm;
• ground clearance - 370 mm;
• front wheel track width – 2800 mm;
• rear wheel track width – 2900 mm

The weight of the machine without the header is 12590 kg, with the header and stacker – 13440 kg. Movement speed:

• Range 1 – up to 5 km/h;
• Range 2 – up to 10 km/h;
• transport – up to 20 km/h.

Performance characteristics:

• header working width – 6000/7000/9000 mm;
• drum diameter – 800 mm;
• drum length – 1484 mm;
• drum rotation speed – 445-900 rpm;
• coverage angle – 130 degrees;
• total area of ​​the concave – 1.38 sq.m;
• total separation area – 6.15 sq.m;
• sieve area – 4.74 sq.m;
• Hopper capacity – 6000 l;
• unloading speed – 42 l/sec;
• unloading height – 2900 mm.

Negative qualities

Fortunately, the car has very few shortcomings, or rather, there are only two of them:

• Due to the close location of the power unit to the operator's cabin, a stream of hot air hits the driver.
• Foreign combines still have a higher level of reliability and comfort, and also have a larger number of different auxiliary functions, which also affects their price.

Engine

The main difference between the Don 1500B combine and its predecessor was the new engine - a 4-stroke diesel unit YaMZ-238AK without turbocharging and liquid cooling. This motor was developed specifically for this model of combine and is currently no longer available. In this case, it is possible to replace the engine with another modification representing the 238 series of engines from the Yaroslavl plant.

The V-shaped power plant is reliable and has direct fuel injection and compression ignition. Speed ​​adjustment is performed mechanically. The model can be equipped with a power take-off mechanism.

Characteristics of the YaMZ-238AK engine:

• working volume – 14.86 l;
• rated power – 173(235) kW (hp);
• rated speed – 2000 rpm;
• maximum torque – 932 Nm;
• number of cylinders – 8;
• cylinder diameter – 130 mm;
• specific fuel consumption – 220 (162) g/kW per hour (g/hp per hour);
• fuel tank volume – 540 l;
• weight – 1250 kg.

general information

The Don-1500B, the technical characteristics of which will also not go unnoticed by us, is today an optimized machine that began rolling off the assembly line back in Soviet times, which are already far from us. During the Soviet era, this powerful unit was the most popular in the country among equipment for harvesting grain and other agricultural crops. For two decades, Rostselmash (Rostov) produced this brand of combine, until in 2006 the era of new combines began, whose names were Vector and Acros.

Design and operating features

The chassis of the DON 1500B is represented by 2 axles (drive and steered wheels). The drive wheel bridge includes a beam, final drives and a range box. The axle shafts, connected by bushings to the drive shafts of the gearboxes, transmit force from the gearbox to the final drives. Final drives are attached to the beam by means of flanges and provide increase and transmission of force from the range box to the wheels. Relative to the beam, the final drives are mounted in 2 positions, which allows the installation of wheels of different diameters while maintaining the height of the combine. The steering axle is based on a supporting beam with a tubular axle having a variable cross-section. The thresher frame is mounted on the beam using sliding bearings. The wheels are attached to the hub flange, and specialized tires with a self-cleaning tread provide high maneuverability.

A specialized speed range box with 3 modes was selected for the combine:

• for working on surfaces with a slope of 4-8 degrees;
• for working on surfaces with a slope of 0-4 degrees;
• for moving with an empty bunker.

Don 1500B, unlike the initial version, is equipped with a hydraulic gearbox. The element is installed on the drive axle beam and is used to change the speed and mode of movement. The gear is engaged using movable gears located on the shafts.

The axles are controlled using hydraulics, allowing the speed to be adjusted steplessly. The hydraulic motor is located on the shaft of the range box. The driven axle is again powered by hydraulics. The combine is equipped with a dry single-disc clutch with a diaphragm spring.

The harvester hydraulic system has 3 subsystems:

• drive for working with the chassis;
• hydraulic system of working mechanisms;
• steering drive.

For parking, the equipment has a special brake, controlled by a lever with a button that allows you to close the pawl lock. To stop the machine, pull the lever until it clicks 3-4 times. Switching off is done in reverse by pressing the button. On the final drives there are disc brakes with a separate hydraulic drive, acting on the drive shafts of the gearboxes. They are activated when you press the pedal. On hard ground, split braking is not recommended because it is used on soft and wet ground.

The electrical system operates on direct current (24 V) and is single-wire. special equipment is equipped with a rectifier and an alternating current generator. A special feature of the electrical system is the presence of a special monitoring system that provides information on 22 parameters. It notifies about deviations through sound and light alarms.

For Don 1500B, the PowerStream reaping part is used, consisting of:

• cutting mechanism (with double fingers or open type);
• drive mechanism;
• balancing mechanism;
• dividers;
• auger of increased size (590 mm).
• reel with a pair of eccentrics. The element is controlled using 2 hydraulic cylinders moving synchronously. The reel includes a drum, a concave, a transport board, a breaker beater, a cleaning system, a straw walker, augers, elevators and a post-threshing device.

At the front of the header there are shoes for following the field surface. During transportation, the header is located in a specialized cart.

again, the combine can be equipped with:

• header PSP-10;
• pick-up platform.

Other elements of the equipment include an inclined chamber with a chain-slat conveyor and a hopper with loading and unloading augers.

Don 1500 B is equipped with a spacious operator's cabin with improved sound insulation and excellent visibility. Forced ventilation is provided for the operator, and an air conditioner is functionally installed. The steering column is located in the center of the operator's cabin in front of the operator and can be adjusted in tilt (5-30 degrees) and height (range - 100 mm). The sprung seat allows adjustment in the horizontal and vertical planes and takes into account the driver’s weight. There are 2 levers next to the operator: to select the direction of movement (front, rear) and range (1-3). On the handle of the first lever there are buttons for controlling the reel and header. To the right of the operator there is a panel with control and monitoring elements, the main part of which is an automatic control system (ASC), which monitors the operating parameters of key systems (engine, auger, hopper, cleaning system, threshing device and other elements).

Distinctive features

The characteristic features of the Don-1500B combine harvester are:

• One drum.
• Straw walker equipped with five keys.
• High power engine.
• Capacious bunker for collecting and temporary storage of grain.
• The threshing scheme is a classic threshing pattern.
• The linear dimensions of the crankshaft crank have been increased, and its rotation speed has been reduced.
• The Don-1500B sieves are larger compared to similar parts of other combines.
• The drum pulley received a wider speed range.
• The header drive has become reverse.
• The presence of a special deck made it possible to eliminate sticking when working with wet grain.

It is also worth pointing out the presence of a drive axle with increased strength and a fast-working unloading mechanism. In addition, if necessary, the machine can be equipped with a stacker, hood, and chopper.

The finger eccentric mechanism has a very thoughtful mount, which is deeply recessed into the high-strength steel body of the auger. This design feature allows you to completely eliminate the winding of anything during careful harvesting. The cutting apparatus itself can operate in two versions: with open fingers and closed fingers.

Photo

Brake system

“Don-1500B” (the technical characteristics of the vehicle make it a leader in sales on the domestic market) is equipped with a special parking brake, which is controlled by a lever with a button that closes the pawl lock. In order to stop the combine, you will need to pull the lever towards you until the third (fourth) click. The brake is released by moving the lever upward while simultaneously pressing the button.

In addition, the machine is equipped with hydraulic disc brakes, which are installed on each wheel separately. The brakes are mounted on final drives and are driven by pedals, the height of which is adjusted by a brake hydraulic cylinder fork. An important nuance: it is not advisable to use separate braking on hard roads, since it is designed to work on wet, soft ground.

Chassis

The drive axle of the combine is controlled using hydraulics, and this, in turn, allows you to adjust the speed of movement steplessly, regardless of the speed range. It is this fact that ensures good maneuverability of the car. The hydraulic motor is installed on the gearbox shaft (it is mechanical, three-way, has 4 modes when moving forward and one for moving backward).

The driven axle is also hydraulically driven. The combine's clutch is dry, single-disc, with a diaphragm-type spring. The vehicle's tires are equipped with deep treads, which provide it with excellent cross-country ability and self-cleaning.

Price

O, the price of which may vary depending on its technical condition, is extremely difficult to find today, since it has been produced in a new modification for several years. If we talk about the secondary market, the cost of a used combine ranges from 10,000 to 20,000 US dollars. It is important to remember: before purchasing such a machine, it is necessary to conduct a thorough visual inspection and test it in practice, so that after the purchase you do not find an unpleasant surprise in the form of broken parts and defective components. And although spare parts for agricultural machinery of this type can be found without problems, they are also very expensive.

Model description

The new Niva “Effect” is not at all the combine we have been accustomed to for so long. Despite the fact that “Effect” is essentially a direct descendant of SK 5, they have relatively little in common.

Niva “Effect” is a modern combine harvester, manufactured in such a way as to occupy the middle link between cost and quality. “Effect” is in many ways more comfortable than its predecessor.

It is equipped with a cabin with a completely new, modern design: it includes sound insulation, an anatomically correct driver's seat, air conditioning and heating.

Air conditioning, by the way, is included in all combine configurations by default, which cannot but please future combine operators. They are also always pleased to know that the amount of noise and dust coming from outside has been reduced significantly, and they no longer affect the health of tractor drivers the way they did on old combines.

Comfortable and most importantly correct sitting will allow you to work for hours while sitting in almost the same position. Also, reducing harm to the driver is that all possible consequences of the driver not moving are compensated by the correct posture he takes during work.

Its convenience does not depend on what exactly the driver is doing at the moment, so all movements after long work do not cause discomfort, and the load on the back and its base is minimal - there will be no more numbness and swelling. Most of the combine components have undergone improvements.

Its hydraulic system now, on the new model, works much better than on older versions. All thanks to the replacement of the method of connecting small, fragile parts and the same tubes.

The old method of soldering connections has been replaced by cutting ring connections, which also makes it easier to remove and install these parts.

The system itself is now of high quality, since it is produced on high-precision and high-quality equipment from the defense and aviation industries.

Since the system has become adjustable, in order to be able to measure pressure in the main hydraulic system and the power steering system, special places have been prepared for connecting a pressure gauge.

The header control system has also become more independent. Its operation is still based on the hydraulic system, but its position can now be changed based on the working terrain and field geometry.

All places where it is necessary to make movements to perform maintenance and repair of the engine and main components of the combine are equipped with additional steps, as when moving from a ladder to a threshing machine, comfortable handrails and rubberized surfaces for a comfortable grip.

Repair

Repair work carried out on the combine should be carried out on the basis of the relevant technical documentation approved by the manufacturer. When performing routine maintenance, repairs, and even standard visual inspections, you must certainly adhere to a sequence that will not only allow you to carry out the specified types of work efficiently, but also protect repair personnel or the driver of the machine from possible injuries. The combine is also very convenient because all its parts are unified and standardized, and therefore replacing a failed unit is greatly simplified. In this case, selecting a new part will take a minimum of time.

A few words about the reaper

The header consists of:

• Cutting mechanism.
• Balancing mechanism.
• Drive mechanism.
• Dividers.
• Reel (attached using four bipods).
• Auger.

The front part of the header is equipped with shoes for precise copying of the underlying surface (soil). The header is transported on a special trolley.

As for the cutting mechanism, it can be either with open or double fingers. The reel is equipped with a pair of eccentrics and is controlled by two synchronously moving hydraulic cylinders. The tilt of the rake is adjusted automatically. The size of the auger has also been increased, measuring 590 millimeters.

How to recycle old used combines profitably

In order to sell combine harvesters profitably, you need to find out why the price of acceptance for processing depends and how much it costs to dispose of special equipment and choose the best collection point. Since there are no existing government programs for the recycling of agricultural machinery (including combine harvesters), the question of what to do with unnecessary equipment often plagues business owners and individuals.

To profitably carry out recycling in MSK and MO, you can contact VtorBaza. Here are the best prices in the region and pleasant conditions for all clients, so the transaction is quick and profitable. Here you can sell the Niva combine for scrap metal and not only that; we also accept for scrap the Don, Yenisei, SK, SKD, KSG-F combines, as well as modern models that cannot be restored. If necessary, you can recycle spare parts from combines or various components, as well as any other scrap metal.

Hydraulic system

The hydraulic drive of the combine is represented by three subsystems:

• Drive to control the chassis.
• Steering drive.
• A hydraulic system of working mechanisms, which is equipped with a minimum number of main pipelines, and also has spool-type distributors, controlled both hydraulically and mechanically. This system controls the rotation of the auger, reel, header, chopper, rotates the threshing drum, and cleans the air duct.

Other parameters of VAZ 2121 4×4:

Possible wheel weight for VAZ 2121 4×4
General view />General view of wheels	Tires /> Lots of possible tire sizes for the VAZ 2121 4×4 of different years of manufacture and modifications

Disks Weight of possible disk sizes	Wheels Weight of possible wheel sizes Table of weight of wheels VAZ 2121 4×4 by modification
Year Years of release

Tires All possible tire sizes for all brands, models and modifications VAZm (kg) Tire weight in (kg):
Weight limit of VAZ tires for products made from different compounds.

Data are expressed in kilograms (kg).

Discs All possible sizes of discs for all brands, models and modifications VAZm (kg) Disc weight in (kg):
Disk mass limit for products made from different alloys, using different methods and having different designs.

Data are expressed in kilograms (kg).

Wheels (kg) Average wheel weight (kg):
The average weight of a wheel consisting of a disk and a tire.

Data are expressed in kilograms (kg).

Caution: it should be taken into account that the data given are the average characteristics of the product during operation. Depending on the load, atmospheric conditions and the degree of inflation, wheel parameters may change. The limit values ​​are presented in the table above.

Electrical system

The electrical equipment system of the machine is single-wire and operates on direct current with a voltage of 24 Volts. There is also an alternator and built-in rectifier. A characteristic feature of the electrical circuit of the unit is the presence of an automatic monitoring system for all technological processes and the technical condition of the main components and parts, including the control of the Don-1500B chopper and its rotation speed, as well as the augers, straw filler, engine, oil temperature in the hydraulic system, water. In total, the automatic system provides detailed information on 22 parameters. The combiner will be notified of any deviations that occur using light and sound alarms.

Price

The latest generation of the Niva SK 5 combine in the stock version is offered for 1.3-1.6 million rubles.

This model is represented very widely on the secondary market, and the cost starts from 100 thousand rubles. Fresh versions (later than 2006) in good condition will cost from 500 thousand rubles. When purchasing used equipment, you should inspect the frame and other structural elements for rust. Among the mechanisms, it is necessary to check the condition of the thresher, concave, engine and drum.