KAMAZ-44 108 is a model of a truck tractor, distinguished by its universal purpose and related to all-wheel drive vehicles. The main purpose is to transport goods of different categories when forming road trains.
The technical characteristics of KAMAZ-44108 allow this vehicle to be widely used for civil and military transport. The reasons for this are the low overall weight and the increased cross-country ability of the vehicle. This truck is actively used in the oil and gas industries.
The model was created on the basis of the previous model KAMAZ-44118 - an onboard truck based on a universal chassis, created on the basis of an order from the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. A relatively simple design was inherited from the previous model, along with significant strength and great reliability.
The high unification of the two specified vehicles made it possible to easily get rid of problems that arise during their use thanks to the use of parts that are easily interchangeable.
Features and scope of application
KamAZ truck tractors are traditionally very popular and very common in the CIS. Because they can be used as a base for working with a huge number of semi-trailers (flatbed, awning, tank semi-trailers, etc.) and work as part of a road train.
In addition, the price, more acceptable than that of imported analogues, and the optimal characteristics that these cars have are suitable for most consumers. The range of tractors produced by the Kama Automobile Plant is very wide, as is the range of industries in which they are used.
"KAMAZ-44108" with an old-style cab carries trailers.
As a rule, truck tractors, which are used to transport heavy and bulky cargo, themselves have a fairly significant dead weight, which significantly reduces their cross-country ability. "KAMAZ-44108" differs in its class in that with a total vehicle weight of 19 tons, it can be used to tow semi-trailers with a total weight of up to 23 tons and be operated as part of a road train with a total weight of 32 tons.
The load capacity and cross-country ability of the KamAZ-44108 truck tractor turned out to be as balanced as possible. Which often becomes the decisive factor in favor of choosing this model in many cases.
The all-terrain KamAZ-44108 6x6 works as a multi-purpose tractor, replacing conventional tractors where necessary. Those that are designed for paved roads and cannot overcome difficult sections of the route. That is why it is especially actively used by enterprises in the oil and gas and mining industries, as well as in the armed forces and the Ministry of Emergency Situations (along with its progenitor, the all-wheel drive KamAZ-44118).
And on this fuel truck based on KamAZ-44108, a new cabin has already been installed, after restyling.
With appropriate equipment, KamAZ-44108 is also used for transporting flammable goods. To achieve this, the fuel tank is protected and flashing lights are installed.
The all-terrain vehicle-tractor "KAMAZ-44108" turns out to be simply irreplaceable when it is necessary to move heavy loads in particularly difficult road conditions. For example, the need for transportation to construction sites, to which there are no access roads at all, or they are completely destroyed by heavy special equipment; to places where new drilling rigs, power lines, and pipelines are being built. Off-road tractors also become indispensable when performing work in the northern regions, Siberia and the Far East - they are not afraid of even the most severe weather conditions.
The basic chassis of this model can be supplemented with a number of useful add-ons. The KamAZ 44108-24 with manipulators of various lifting capacities has become widespread. At the same time, there are completely different manufacturers of CMUs - “Kanglim”, “Susan”, “Unic”, “Palfinger”, “Hiab”, “Inman”, “Fassi”, etc. “KAMAZ-44108” with flatbed semi-trailers or dump bodies are also quite in demand in those regions where there are vast expanses without paved roads.
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"KAMAZ-44108" after restyling 2009-2010: the same, but like new
The first modified KamAZ off-road tractors with updated cabs were presented to the general public in 2009, and a year later their mass production was launched. This version attracted increased attention and was perceived by many operators as a completely new car model. Considering the narrow specialization of the KamAZ-44108 application, such vehicles are rarely seen on the roads of the European part of Russia. And the total volume of mass production of this model is generally small.
Despite significant, clearly visible visual changes, the power frame of the KamAZ-44108 cab remained the same. First of all, attention is drawn to the new radiator grille and integrated side fairings, which protect the door handles and rear-view mirrors from flying dirt.
"KAMAZ-44108" to...
The restyled KamAZ-44108 is distinguished by an aerodynamically shaped molded plastic bumper, painted in the color of the cab. It came to replace the simple, old-style steel bumper, which is already well known to more than one generation of drivers. The modified version of the tractor also received completely new optics. In the new version of KamAZ-44108, headlights, turn signals and side lights are assembled in a single block headlight, which is integrated into the bumper.
...and after 2010
Serious modifications were also made to the rear-view mirrors. The design of the brackets was changed, additional spherical mirrors were mounted on both sides, and a curb mirror appeared on the starboard side, for the installation of which an additional bracket was used. A solid truck windshield after 2010 is effectively cleaned with a three-blade, rather than two-blade, electric windshield wiper.
This solution contributed to a noticeable improvement in visibility due to an increase in the total glass cleaning area. Other changes include a higher and more spacious interior space of the cabin with a sleeping compartment, additional suspended steps for easier access to the cabin interior, single-pitch tires, and additional fuel tanks of a different shape suspended on both sides of the truck tractor.
The updated design with four-point air suspension has significantly reduced vibration and swaying of the cabin and increased the smoothness of the ride. Even when the vehicle is fully loaded, air springs maintain the cabin at a certain height level.
Modifications
KamAZ is produced in the following modifications:
- KamAZ-44108-010-10, which has a hydraulic lift for the cab and inter-wheel locking, this version is also equipped with a driver’s seat that follows the contours of his body, and finally it has two fuel tanks at once;
- KamAZ-44108-910-10 is also equipped with an improved exhaust system, and it also has a protective casing;
- Finally, KamAZ-44108-91910-10 is a premium option; the modification, among other things, has additional control systems.
Design and main characteristics of the KamAZ-44108 tractor
Overall dimensions before and after the restyled version
The length of the wheelbase of the updated KamAZ-44108 remained the same - 3,690 m. But the overall length of the tractor after restyling decreased from 7,525 m to 7,220 m. Largely due to the reduction in the front overhang, which after 2010 in KamAZ-44108 » accounts for only 1360 mm. The distance between the axles of the rear bogie was not affected during the modernization: it is still 1320 mm.
The seat height of the updated tractor, as in the original version, is 1,540 m - with curb weight, or 1,510 m - with full weight. The overall height has also not changed - 3250 mm. The width of the car excluding mirrors is 2500 mm. Ground clearance at the lowest point is 385 mm. The track width is 2,050 meters. The outer overall turning radius is 11,500 m.
Weight parameters of "KAMAZ-44108"
- Curb weight of the vehicle – 9 tons;
- Front axle load – 5.6 tons;
- Rear bogie load – 13,550 tons;
- The load on the fifth wheel coupling is 10 tons;
- Gross vehicle weight – 19,150 tons;
- The total weight of the semi-trailer is 23 tons;
- The total weight of the road train is 32,150 tons.
Engines "KAMAZ-44108"
There are two options for equipping with a diesel engine - a domestic one, a version of the traditional KamAZ 740 engine, and an imported Cummins - a modification of the Cummins L325, manufactured at the company’s Chinese or Brazilian plant. The most widely used modifications are those with the domestic KamAZ-740.51-300 diesel engine, which corresponds to the Euro-2 environmental class. This diesel unit has eight V-shaped cylinders, a turbocharging system and intercooling of charge air. Characteristics of the KamAZ-740.51-300 engine:
- Working volume – 10.85 liters.
- Rated power - 191 kilowatts, or 260 horsepower.
- Maximum net power is 180 kilowatts, or 245 horsepower, at a crankshaft speed of 2200 rpm.
Cummins L325 engine parameters:
- Environmental standard - Euro-3.
- Working volume – 9 liters.
- Rated power – 325 horsepower.
- Maximum torque – 1200 Nm.
- The maximum useful torque is 1060 Nm (108 kg.cm), at a crankshaft speed of 1200...1400 rpm.
- Cylinder diameter/piston stroke – 120/120 mm.
- Compression ratio - 16.5.
The peculiarity of this modification of the Cummins diesel engine is that, unlike other similar and similar Cummins engines, this engine does not have an electronic injection pump control system, and the fuel supply control is completely mechanized. This ensures greater ease of maintenance and repair, and also reduces the requirements for diesel fuel quality.
"KAMAZ-44108" with CMU.
After modernization, 12-liter KamAZ - 740.55 -300 engines with a capacity of 300 horsepower began to be installed on KamAZ off-road truck tractors. This 8-cylinder diesel engine, equipped with a turbocharger and intercooler, meets the Euro-3 environmental standard. When reaching 1400 rpm, the torque indicator is 1177 N.m.
This figure cannot be called outstanding, but it is quite acceptable for an all-wheel drive tractor. The engine demonstrates excellent traction at low speeds, and already at 1300-1400 revolutions the torque reaches its peak. "KAMAZ-44108" is capable of reaching a maximum speed of up to 80 kilometers per hour.
The fuel consumption indicators of the KamAZ-44108 cannot be called economical: depending on specific conditions, they range from 42...43 liters of diesel fuel per 100 kilometers. However, you have to pay for the “pleasure” of carrying heavy loads in completely off-road conditions. In addition, for cars of this class this indicator is acceptable.
The KamAZ-44108 tractor is equipped with two fuel tanks: the main tank is designed for 350 liters, and the additional tank is designed for 210 liters of diesel fuel. The truck tractor is also equipped with a pre-start heater “PZD 15.8106-01”, which facilitates starting the engine in frosty weather.
Transmission "KAMAZ-44108"
The engine is paired with a KamAZ-154 ten-speed manual gearbox. The final drive ratio is 6.53. Clutch - diaphragm, single or double disc, model No. 17. Drive – hydraulic, with pneumatic booster. The transfer case is of a mechanical, two-stage type, with a locking center differential and pneumatic control. Gear ratios: first gear (low) – 1.692; second gear (highest) – 0.917.
The engine is paired with a nine-speed manual transmission "FastGear", which is produced under license from the well-known, and a two-speed transfer gearbox with a locking center differential. Also, the KamAZ-44108 tractor can be equipped with a modern nine-speed gearbox from.
The most laudatory reviews from owners and drivers are heard about the ZF mechanical 9-mortar brand ZF 9S 131 OTO 12. It functions almost flawlessly. All gears are engaged smoothly, do not require effort on the lever, and the rocker stroke is small. Some complaints can only be caused by the outdated location of the gear shift lever. To which you have to reach with your hand, whereas on most modern trucks the lever handle simply “fits into the palm”, and “spoiled users” easily got used to this comfort.
The gear ratios of the KamAZ-44108 gearboxes, of course, do not allow us to talk about fast dynamics, which is quite reasonable for such a car. Start and acceleration speeds do not matter at all for a tractor; traction characteristics are much more important. And with them, “KAMAZ-44108” is completely fine. All of these units provide the SUV tractor with excellent traction and speed characteristics; high cross-country ability in off-road conditions and confident movement uphill. The ascent angle that the KamAZ-44108 tractor can overcome is 28 degrees. The maximum speed that a loaded car is capable of reaches eighty kilometers per hour.
Features of brake control and chassis equipment
The brake system is equipped with a pneumatic drive. High braking efficiency is ensured by four autonomous braking systems, which are equipped with all modern trucks from Naberezhnye Chelny. Despite the fact that these brake systems are interconnected and have a number of common elements, in general their operation is independent of each other.
The tractor is equipped with a pneumatic braking system with drum brakes on all wheels, and vehicles of later years are also equipped with an ABS anti-lock brake system.
"KAMAZ-44108" is intended for operation in difficult, even extreme, climatic conditions, therefore it is equipped with tube tires of the standard size "425/85 R21" ("1260 × 425-533P"). Each of the disc wheels is equipped with an air pumping system.
Cars with Cummins engines (Euro-3)
Among the flatbed trucks, only one model was equipped with this power unit - KAMAZ-65117. Its fuel consumption rate is 38 liters.
Also one model represents the category of chassis vehicles. It received the index 43118. KAMAZ fuel consumption per 100 km in this case is 41.5 liters.
Dump trucks with Cummins engines consume 40.5-53.0 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers. Truck tractors for a road of such a distance will require from 51.8 to 80 liters, depending on the model of the vehicle itself.
Cabin of the KamAZ-44108 truck tractor
The all-metal cab of the KamAZ-44108, arranged above the engine, is quite comfortable for this class of truck, and is characterized by decent working and rest conditions for drivers. This is especially true for the restyled (after 2010) version of the cabin with a high roof. The cabin interior has one berth. The hydraulic cab lift option greatly simplifies access to engine repair and maintenance.
The footrests are comfortable and equipped with an anti-slip coating. The cabin is equipped with a berth located behind the main row of seats. Inside, the cabin, which received a more aerodynamic profile after the modernization of the 2010 model, acquired a higher roof.
The interior of the cabin is a traditional KamAZ, and after modernization it has remained virtually unchanged. However, now more modern and high-quality materials are used in interior decoration. It is noticeable that the plastic has become much softer and more pleasant to the touch.
In the new cabin of the KamAZ-44108 truck tractor.
All owners of KamAZ-44108 of recent years of production hope that after a couple of years of operation, the driver of the tractor will not have to listen to the constant rattling of plastic parts of the cabin interior, the first “crickets” in which “started” already in the second year of operation.
In the newest KamAZ-44108 truck tractors, the familiar KamAZ dashboard of three sections, with autonomous tachometer and speedometer scales, was replaced by a new single instrument panel, equipped with glass with anti-reflective coating.
The driver's seat in the KamAZ-44108 cab is very good, a modern Grammer one. It is found on this car in both spring and pneumatic suspension versions. The sleeping place is the same in both the original and the modified version of the KamAZ-44108 cab. However, there is a small but pleasant improvement: these tractor units come with a soft mattress as standard.
In terms of heat, dust, noise and vibration insulation, the new cabin has become significantly better than the previous one. The adjusted air duct system, in combination with a powerful heater, ensures fast, complete and powerful heating of the cabin interior even at the lowest temperatures. The old design of the cab frame did not allow us to abandon the high engine tunnel and the gearbox lever located directly on the power unit, which is already a rather outdated design.
Interior
The internal equipment that the KamAZ-44108 truck received has remained virtually unchanged compared to its predecessors. It is worth noting that the finishing uses higher quality and softer plastic. The instrument panel consists of three sections with autonomous measuring instrument scales.
Safety and comfort for the driver are guaranteed (Grammer). They are equipped with spring and air suspension. The attachment of the cab to the frame has also been modernized. The newly designed air suspension has significantly reduced vibration and improved ride comfort. The parameters of noise and thermal insulation have also increased, thanks to the use of improved cladding materials. A powerful heater and a well-thought-out air duct system make it possible to quickly warm up the cabin even in severe frosts. The sleeping compartment remains the same, except for the fact that a soft mattress comes standard.
Reviews about the KamAZ-44108 model
Nowadays, when any company or organization needs to purchase a multi-purpose all-terrain vehicle, as a rule, the choice is between KamAZ or Ural. There is also no doubt about the latter’s all-terrain capabilities. And the Ural truck tractor costs less.
However, KamAZ-44108 has many winning advantages. Among them, owners and drivers name: greater load capacity than the Ural; interwheel locking; comfortable and warm cabin, pneumatic brakes.
The KamAZ-44108 has no problems with cross-country ability. This is truly an all-terrain vehicle: it moves confidently in the snow, and also in mud and muddy roads. It is noted that the restyled version of the KamAZ-44108 finally acquired a cabin with air suspension.
It vibrates much less and does not sway as much while moving. And the updated tractor looks better than the old 44108. Although, of course, appearance for a car of this class is far from the most important thing. Let it look whatever you like, the main thing is that it works flawlessly and does not break down often.
KamAZ-44108 copes successfully with such specific tasks as, for example, transporting iron and concrete supports for the construction of power lines in hard-to-reach northern regions.
Cost of new and used KamAZ-44108
The KamAZ-44108 truck tractor, in addition to excellent performance characteristics, always had a fairly affordable price for a vehicle of this class. There are no longer any new vehicles of this brand on the market: in the model range of KamAZ PJSC they have now been replaced by other 6x6 truck tractors: KamAZ -53504-46 and KamAZ -65221-43.
On the secondary car market in the regions of the Far North, Siberia, and the Far East, many cars of this brand are offered for sale. The price depends on the year of manufacture and the specific technical condition; degree of production of the working resource. For cars produced at the turn of the 80s/90s they ask for about a million - from 850 thousand to 1,100,000 rubles. "KAMAZ-44108" from the late 90s / early 2000s, with an old-style cab, before 2010, are offered at prices from 1,200,000 to 1,800,000 rubles. For relatively new truck tractors, produced after modernization in 2010, they ask from 2 to 3.3 million rubles.
Flaws
For heavy-duty BelAZ dump trucks, the additional diesel fuel consumption rate for each trip with a load is set at up to 1 liter. 2 KAMAZ-55111 27 30 KAMAZ-65111 30 33 KAMAZ-65115 27 30 KAMAZ-6520 30 32 KAMAZ-65201 37 41 KAMAZ-6540 34 38 KAMAZ-6522 35 40 Brands of Truck Tractors Kamaz KA MAZ-65116 24 26 KAMAZ-6460 25 28 KAMAZ-6450 40 44 KAMAZ-5460 23 25 KAMAZ-54115 24 26 KAMAZ-44108 30 34 Brands KamAZ chassis KAMAZ-4308 17 19 KAMAZ-43118 32 35 KAMAZ-4326 26 28 KAMAZ-53228 28 31 KAMAZ-6426 31 34 KAMAZ- 65115 26 29 KAMAZ-6520 25 28 KAMAZ-6540 31 34 Brands of Flatbed KamAZ KAMAZ-4308 19 21 KAMAZ-43114 31 34 KAMAZ-43118 33 36 KAMAZ-43253 22 25 KAMAZ-4326 27 30 KAMAZ-53215 25 27 KAMAZ-53605 24 26 KAMAZ-65117 26 29.
