The KamAZ 4310 truck is a workhorse and a good racer

Domestic off-road tractors differ from many Western analogues in driving characteristics, power and capabilities, but at the same time they are inferior in terms of comfort. KamAZ 4310 remained a priority model for the Kama Automobile Plant for a long time. Note that the vehicle was initially produced for the needs of the army, after which it began to be distributed among construction, manufacturing and trading companies throughout the CIS. The KamAZ model 4310 tractor first appeared in 1981, when the first truck rolled off the plant’s assembly line.

KamAZ-4310: universal army truck

Immediately after the start of car production at the Kama plant, the Ministry of Defense began to show special interest in its products.
Several requirements were put forward for army trucks: ease of maintenance and operation, high reliability and maneuverability. KamAZ-4310 was initially developed to meet these requirements; the first batch of cargo all-terrain vehicles rolled off the plant’s assembly line in 1981, serial production of the base model continued until 1992, some modifications of the all-terrain vehicle were produced until 2010. In the basic configuration, the truck was equipped with a body with folding sides, a rigid frame, an awning and was intended for transporting personnel; in addition, such bodies were equipped with wooden flooring. However, soon the truck began to be used as a log carrier, a dump truck with residential modules installed on its base, and various manipulators mounted. It should be noted that the KamAZ-4310 was used for some time as a truck tractor - it was on such vehicles that a sleeping bag was installed. It is impossible not to mention the sports version of the KamAZ-S4310, which was created specifically for rally racing; the car participated several times in the Paris-Dakar rally. For some time, a modification called “Typhoon” was produced in small-scale batches. The vehicle is distinguished by the presence of an armored module and is intended for transporting special forces personnel.

Structurally, the KamAZ-4310 is a frame truck with a front-mounted cabover all-metal cab and a 6*6 wheel arrangement. Most military vehicles were equipped with a mechanical drum-type winch, the force to which was transmitted from the power take-off.

The KamAZ-4310 cab looks standard for trucks from the Kama plant produced in the 1980s and 1990s. The cabin is equipped with three air-suspended seats (the driver's seat is adjustable for back angle, weight and distance to the steering column), a berth is available only as an option. The dashboard is made of metal; it has a laconic style and limited functionality. The cabin has good noise and thermal insulation and is equipped with an autonomous heater. It should also be noted that the designers provided for the presence of hydraulic power steering (power steering), which greatly facilitates the driver’s work. For some time, the plant produced KamAZ-4310 all-terrain vehicles in tropical configuration, operated in southern latitudes.

The last KamAZ-4310 left the production line a long time ago, so purchasing a new car is not possible. However, for those who want to purchase this truck, a good solution would be to buy a vehicle with military equipment. The cost of such a car starts at 1.4 million rubles. A model produced in 1992-1995 in the basic configuration can be purchased for 450 - 550 thousand rubles.

Cabin

The vehicle has the following dimensions: 7650×2500×2590 mm. Despite its size, the car is quite maneuverable on the road. However, the speed should not exceed 60 km/h. It holds up well on weak or waterlogged ground.

The vehicle has a 6x6 wheel arrangement. On the KamAZ-4310 truck, the manufacturer installed a durable platform on which an awning can be raised. Also, it seems possible to re-equip this part, placing the sides on a platform with folding benches for passengers. If necessary, it is possible to retrofit the equipment with various equipment that is necessary to perform certain tasks.

The body is made of durable material, which is characterized by high density. The cabin has excellent thermal insulation, it is comfortable for the driver to be in it, and comfortable control of all equipment is noted. There is a bed for the driver to rest in the cabin. The cabin can recline. The driver's seat is ergonomic. To improve visibility, lighting fixtures are installed on the body.

Armored version of the truck

The cabin of an armored military truck is significantly different from other modifications. It is equipped with reliable class 6 armor protection. All windows in the cab have strong metal frames, which for reliability are bolted directly to the body of the truck cab. The cabin is designed for 3 people and has high-quality thermal and noise insulation. It has a special shield for attaching personal small arms to the crew. The cabin floor is additionally protected by special panels.

The military modification has a special armored module for transporting personnel, which, like the cabin, has class 6 protection. The most popular military armored version is called the "Bear". Inside the module there are row seats located along the side walls. There are loopholes in the walls for firing. For emergency evacuation, hatches are provided on the roof of the module.

Car device

If we take the technical condition, then for the 80s this KamAZ all-terrain vehicle was the most excellent cargo SUV, which could overcome large obstacles, and was not afraid of steep ascents and descents, it could almost “swim” fords, the depth of which reached 1.5 meters. Serial production of this model began in January 1981, just before the 26th Congress of the Communist Party.

The name itself shows that the truck was produced at the facilities of KamAZ (Naberezhnye Chelny). But few people know that, in fact, the KamAZ-4310 has Moscow roots and was developed by the design staff of the ZIL association. The engineering staff accepted the order to develop an off-road vehicle back in 1960.

A year later, the technical components were settled, and 10 years were allocated for production. Over the entire period of work on the order, ZIL enterprises assembled about 12 prototypes of a possible KamAZ vehicle. It is interesting that during development, a considerable number of original technical implementations were found, which provided more than 50 copyright certificates for the ZIL engineering staff.

The standard equipment of the truck received a completely new principle of operation of the drive axles. The model was equipped with a permanent drive with 4 cardan shafts. The standard configuration came with a body, which consisted of a metal base, which also included an awning and a frame. The truck was used to transport passengers and various cargo of increased tonnage.

Cabin interior

The cabin turned out to be 3-seater and has thermal insulation, which, together with noise insulation, allows you to feel more comfortable. They also didn’t forget to introduce an independent hot-air heater. The cab can be tilted forward using a hydraulic lift.

The basic configuration does not have a bed, but it can be installed as a separate option. The driver's seat is sprung and can be adjusted in length, weight and backrest angle. On top of that, the manufacturer provides tropical seat configurations.

It is clear that the interior of the KamAZ-4310 is still very far from its European analogues, but at that time of production the cabin was quite cozy and made it possible not to get so tired during long work. The seats themselves are quite simple. The instrument panel looks spartan, but everything you need is located on the dashboard.

Do not forget that many copies were adopted by the army, where comfort is not so important, but preference is given to maneuverability, reliability and functionality. It is possible to lower the visor on a bright sunny day for both the driver and the passenger.

Malfunctions

Despite the fact that the body is resistant to damage. With active use of the car, corrosion will appear on the surface of the paintwork. It is advisable to check the pistons of the wheel cylinders if poor brake release of the wheels on a KamAZ truck begins to occur.

The ground clearance of the car is 365 mm. When it is reduced, it is worth diagnosing the chassis and its components. The integrity of spring bushings and shock absorbers should be checked periodically. The efficiency of controlling the entire machine directly depends on their condition. As a rule, if these elements are damaged, the driver may encounter a problem such as body sway

In this case, it is worth paying attention to the condition of the liquid filled into the shock absorber. Any worn components in the KamAZ-4310 automotive system must be replaced with new similar auto parts

The steering needs a professional check if it has become difficult to rotate the steering wheel and characteristic knocking noises have appeared. Among the reasons for these manifestations are:

• Wear of rack parts;
• Loosening of fastenings (they need to be tightened);
• The presence of corrosion on mechanisms related to the steering system;
• Deformation of individual rack parts.

The brake elements cope well with the loads placed on them. Corrosion should not be allowed to form on their surface; it is worth periodically checking the lubricant level. If the brake pedal moves too hard or, on the contrary, is too soft, this is evidence that there is a malfunction in the car system.

In order to prevent premature failure of the engine, KamAZ should be promptly sent for maintenance, where spark plugs and filters are replaced, and fuel is also changed.

Successful chassis

The KamAZ 63501 chassis is equipped with various superstructures: crane installations, fire fighting equipment and geological exploration equipment. It finds application in various climatic zones with traffic on difficult routes; towing device of a road train - hook-and-loop.

The car is equipped with an engine of 360 horsepower with a displacement of 11.76 liters. The eight-cylinder overhead valve four-stroke engine with turbocharging and intercooling of charge air complies with the Euro-2 standard. New modifications are equipped with a Euro-3 standard engine.

The technical characteristics of the KamAZ 63501 chassis allow it to transport 16 tons of cargo, or a loaded superstructure not exceeding this weight. At the same time, the mass of a full road train reaches 37900 kg, the maximum speed of a road train is 80 km/h.

The chassis is equipped with two fuel tanks with a volume of 350 and 210 liters, fuel consumption per 100 km is 42 liters. The gearbox is a 16-speed manual gearbox made in Germany with mechanical remote control.

The clutch is single-disk, diaphragm, the hydraulic drive is equipped with a pneumatic booster. The two-stage transfer case provides not only inter-axle, but also inter-wheel locking.

The road train based on the KamAZ-63501 chassis is equipped with four autonomous braking systems: a working system controlled by a pedal on the front panel of the truck cab, a spare system (connected to the parking one) and an auxiliary one. This type of braking system has been successfully tested and has proven itself on other models. The vehicle is equipped with ABC.

The KamAZ-63501 chassis and modifications based on this vehicle, in order to increase the vehicle's maneuverability and good traction on the plane of movement, are equipped with 425/85 R21 single-pitch tires of a special all-terrain type with lugs and pneumatic air pumping, depending on the degree of loading of the superstructure. Model 63501 can be bought at dealerships, the price varies from 3,000,000 to 3,600,000 rubles, mileage cars from 180,000 rubles.

On the chassis of this model, the plant produces the KamAZ-63501-996 flatbed truck with a carrying capacity of 14 tons. For the truck, the trailer weight has been reduced to 11,000 kg; the total weight of the road train should not exceed 26,900 kg. Axle load: 11,100 kg on the front and 15,800 kg on the rear. Just like the base model, the truck is equipped with an all-metal comfortable three-seater cab, which is mounted on top of the engine. At the request of the buyer, the three-seater cabin can be in two versions: with or without a berth.

The driving characteristics of KamAZ-63501-996 do not differ from the base model. The car is designed for off-road use, overcomes a climb angle of 31%, turning radius of 14 meters, maximum speed when loaded is 90 km/h. The truck platform with folding sides can be equipped with a frame and an awning. In dealer centers the price of KamAZ 63501-996 is from 3 to 3.5 million rubles.

Suspension

KAMAZ-55102 does not have a smooth ride; the car shakes violently, which negatively affects ride comfort and cargo safety.

You can improve the quality of movement in the following ways:

1. Increasing the length of the front suspension. This will increase the vehicle's maneuverability and reduce its sagging under load. The standard springs are removed and larger analogues are installed. The springs are duplicated by long shock absorbers. Preliminary calculations should be carried out so as not to reduce the stability of the vehicle. A suspension that is too high puts additional pressure on the axle.
2. Strengthening the rear suspension. An additional sheet is installed or parts are completely replaced. You can raise the rear of the car even more with the help of plastic inserts, giving an additional 3-5 cm.

Crane installation

Although crane installations are manufactured on various chassis brands of trucks, a military vehicle equipped with a crane requires a base that meets the following requirements:

• High off-road capability of the model on which the crane installation will be installed;
• The reliability of the vehicle itself and the ability to work in the most difficult conditions;
• Reliability of the crane installation itself.

The crane installation has an additional brake. This requirement was mandatory, since a military truck crane often has to load/unload explosives. The operation of the truck crane is assumed to use 2 people, the driver and the crane operator. Communication between them must be carried out using special intercoms.

Vehicles are equipped with various crane options. It depends on the type of troops for which this special vehicle is intended.

Advantages and disadvantages

Kamaz model 4310 is a productive truck tractor with a lot of advantages. However, there are also disadvantages.

Let's start with the positive qualities of the car:

• Improved visibility due to the absence of a hood
• Excellent maneuverability
• High ground clearance
• Works in different climate zones
• Does not lose function in off-road conditions
• Turning radius is small
• Four-wheel drive
• Various modifications available
• Power of power plants
• Superior performance and load capacity

The disadvantages of the model and its “brothers” include high fuel consumption, minimal level of comfort in the cabin, and outdated appearance. Disadvantages also include dynamic performance and simple seats.

Cost of a used KamAZ-4326 truck

On electronic bulletin boards you can find many offers for the sale of cars of this model (especially in those regions where there are no good roads and are not expected). The price range is quite large, directly depending not only on the year of manufacture of the car, but also on the special add-ons that are installed on its chassis. For example, for a rotation bus manufactured in 2011 in Kogalym they are asking 1,200,000 rubles. The AGP-22M telescopic hydraulic lift based on the KamAZ-4326 manufactured in 2013 in Blagoveshchensk is valued at 1,650,000 rubles. For a pit drill - a drilling rig based on PSKBM-1 - they are asking 2,200,000 rubles in the Yaroslavl region.

A special topic is shift vehicles and kungs, converted into “homes on wheels”, which have a high degree of autonomy and are intended for long hunting and (or) fishing trips. Thus, an unassuming and spartan crew bus converted for hunting on a KamAZ-4326 chassis manufactured in 2000 is sold for 1,000,000 rubles. A more or less comfortable “home on wheels”: with a gas stove and equipment, a water tank with the possibility of heating it, a metal sink and a compact shower, sleeping places and a dining table, etc., also manufactured in 2000 costs 2 200,000 rubles. An almost “luxury” version of a home-made comfortable kung, based on the KamAZ-4326 produced in 2009, is also offered, for which they are asking 3 million rubles.

Salon

The interior decoration of the KamAZ-5490 can be carried out to the extent that the driver needs to feel comfortable inside the cabin. The moral and physical condition of the driver during the trip depends on the comfort of being in the car.

You can perform tuning with your own hands in the following areas:

1. Finishing of the internal surface with special materials that absorb noise and vibration, creating an effective thermal insulation layer. It is better to upholster (upholster) the interior with fabric that is easy to clean and does not absorb dust.
2. Installation of a new comfortable chair with air suspension, settings and armrests. For upholstery, it is better to use natural materials (leather, suede, tarpaulin) or their synthetic analogues (Alcantara, denim). With such a change it will be convenient even in the KamAZ “Selkhoznik”, which has a minimum set of amenities.
3. Making an extra bed. This option is necessary for model 6520 and similar ones, when there is a need to rest directly in the car. The shelf is removable or folding with double folding.
4. Installation of an upper shelf for personal belongings, spare parts and documentation. Considering the height of the KamAZ-53212 cab, the shelf can be made high, with several partitions, doors or sides. After installation, the shelf is upholstered to match the interior decoration or made in a contrasting color.
5. Replacing the steering block. A part is installed with the ability to adjust the length and tilt of the column. The wheel is covered with smooth or textured material. A useful addition is the installation of a unit with an airbag.

The lighting system plays an important role during travel and relaxation. Using LED lamps of various wattages, bright, outdoor and emergency lighting is created.

KamAZ-53605: a modern multi-purpose vehicle

The development of a new vehicle for city utilities began in the late 90s, and in 2005 the first batch of KamAZ-53605 rolled off the production line of the enterprise. The vehicle is available in two modifications: a truck and a chassis, on which various superstructures are subsequently mounted. One of the features of KamAZ-53605 is the original frame design and the presence of rear and side guards. Also noteworthy is the modernized rear axle, which is designed for increased lateral loads. It should be noted that it was on the basis of this chassis that the KamAZ Storm vehicle was created - intended to disperse demonstrations and combat riots.

KamAZ-53605 dump truck

According to its design features, KamAZ-53605 belongs to the frame trucks, with a 4*2 wheel arrangement, with a front-mounted engine and a cabover tilting cab. At first, the car was equipped with a standard Kamaz cab, which was not very comfortable and caused a lot of complaints from the owners. In 2012, a restyled version of the KamAZ-53605 appeared, featuring a more modern interior and exterior. Today, two cabin modifications are available: with a low and a high roof.

However, in both versions there is no sleeping place, since the main purpose of the truck is to work in urban conditions. The restyled model received a more informative and ergonomic dashboard with anti-reflective coating. Both seats (as a rule, a driver and one passenger are installed) are placed on air suspension and have a large number of different adjustments. In general, the car has become much friendlier towards the driver.

Prices for the new KamAZ-53605 chassis start at 2.3 million rubles; specialized vehicles with add-ons can cost significantly more. There are many used cars on the used market, the price of which depends on the year of manufacture, mileage, overall condition and add-ons. For example, KamAZ-53605mkm with a truck crane, 2012 - 2013 can be purchased for 2,500,000 rubles.

Do-it-yourself tuning of KAMAZ 55111 photo

How do you like it? We take an ancient KamAZ truck, install a “new” ancient Maxi cab, and attach a mask from the Chinese Foton Auman ETX tractor to it. We also find mirror brackets from Japanese trucks and install them in mirrors. Profit! At the end we get this symbiosis from Primorye

Not bad, isn't it? By the way, tractor owner, attention! I made solid side windows without windows. What the plant has not been able to do for more than 40 years.

Normals. But there IS a cabin from the inside.

If it is also brought to mind from the inside, then GREEN IS ADVANTAGED BY THE HANDS.

Where did you get this expression from? Have you seen the TV series Everybody Hates Chris?

This is how Kamaz and long-distance trucks should be.

Hmm, maybe you're right

Inside there is one dick - ay-nane-nane, dear KAMAZ.

many people cut and bend the lever to fit themselves, but this is clearly overkill))

Reply from Dagestan.

yeexf

So, what is next? I don't see any on the roads

Added at 11:23 Bigboss35

Yes

well, in vain

KamAZ at work!

Here's a comparison of the 5308 with the new and old cabin. The cabin has not been stolen from anyone - a new development for KAMAZ

TS, haven’t you driven something like this before?))

who wanted a sleeping bag more...)))

Who asked for tinted? here's a glamorous one

Lisssnn

Did the hat give you a hint?

Added at 15:33 Whoy

Air conditioning is a handy thing. And the windows give a dead thing in the mirrors, blocking them.

but the sound inside is native!

Added at 15:52

motor

actually, it’s a bayan, if not on YP, then definitely on car forums, the Chinese do this in the Far East, along the way they can install an engine with a gearbox, a copy of the Doyts or Kamins, it’s like they drive into China with an old engine and leave with a new one, about two years ago the price with installation was two hundred rubles, there were topics about both

Specifications

Power unit

The KamAZ-4310 was equipped with a KamAZ-740.10 power unit, the power of which was 210 horses. A better modified KamAZ-740.20 was also envisaged, the power of which was already 220 horsepower. Later, 430-horsepower 8-cylinder power units began to be installed on the cars.

Transmission

It was presented with a 5-speed manual gearbox, which has synchronizers at 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th speeds. The transfer case comes with a two-stage gearbox and a cylindrical locking center differential of the planetary variety, which distributes torque between the permanently connected axle installed in front and the rear axles in a 1:2 ratio.

The transfer case is controlled remotely using an electro-pneumatic speed shift drive. The drive of the differential lock device is represented by a pneumatic method with remote control.

Suspension

It is independent, where at the front it sits on semi-elliptical leaf springs with shock absorbers and rear sliding spring ends. The suspension installed at the rear is balanced and also rests on semi-elliptical springs with reaction bars, where the end parts of the springs are sliding.

Brake system

It has drum devices and a double-circuit pneumatic drive. There is a parking brake, spare and auxiliary. The drums have a diameter of 400 mm, the width of the linings is 140 mm, and the release is cam type.

Steering

It is represented by the presence of a mechanism with a screw, a ball nut and a piston-rack, which engages the gear sector of the bipod shaft. A hydraulic power steering wheel helps to steer such a large machine. With such enhancements, the car drives well even off-road.

Electrical equipment

The voltage is 24V. There are 2 batteries themselves. There is a generator and voltage regulator. The KamAZ 4310 electrical circuit is presented below.

Winch

The designers even provided for the use of a drum-type winch, which has a worm gearbox and a band brake. The cable can stretch up to 83 meters.

Load capacity varies from 5,000 to 6,000 kg. Curb weight – 8,410 kg. The total weight of the truck is 15,000 kg. The speed limit is 80 km/h. Fuel consumption per 100 kilometers at a speed limit of up to 40 kilometers per hour will be 31 liters.

This consumption may vary depending on the technical condition of the machine and operating conditions.
The maximum climbable height is 31 degrees. The car will be able to overcome a ford, the depth of which is 1.5 meters. The smallest turning radius will be 10.8 m. The ground clearance is 365 mm, which is very good. Basic performance characteristics of serial KAMAZ-4310

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