KAMAZ 43255 is a truck adapted for work in urban conditions. This modern “restyled” dump truck provides cargo transportation of bulk materials weighing up to 7 tons and can be used both in the construction industry and in agriculture.
The truck is highly ergonomic and functional, and the availability of spare parts makes it one of the most popular domestic heavy trucks.
Versions of KamAZ-43255
Currently, KamAZ-43255 vehicles are actively used in both the construction and housing and communal services sectors of Russian cities. They successfully fulfill their main purpose - transporting bulk and bulk cargo on roads designed to withstand axial loads of up to ten tons.
In addition, KamAZ-43255 is also available in a universal chassis designed for the installation of municipal equipment (container trucks, garbage collection trucks), etc. various special add-ons for thematic purposes. On special configurations of the KamAZ-43255 truck, at the request of customers, the direction of the exhaust can be changed; fuel tanks of a different capacity were installed; Diesel fuel heating systems have been installed.
Option "bunker carrier"
A special safety bar is provided for installation on the rear of the truck frame, but this is not a mandatory option: at the request of customers, it may not be installed.
Modifications of KamAZ-43255
Currently, the Kama Automobile Plant produces the following version of the KamAZ-43255 dump truck: KamAZ-43255-69 (G5) (Euro-5).
Also, these trucks of the following previously produced modifications drive on the roads of our cities, in particular:
- KamAZ-43255-3010-25 (C4) (Euro-4) – with a Cummins 4ISBe4 185 (E-4) engine, a restyled cabin of a new type.
- KamAZ 43255-6010-28 (R4) (Euro-4) – with a Cummins ISB6.7e4 245 (E-4) engine), a restyled cabin of a new type.
- KamAZ 43255-010-96 (A3) – with a Cummins 6 ISBe 210 engine.
- KamAZ 43255-6010-99 (H3) – with Cummins 6 ISBe 185 engine,
and others. Initially, KamAZ-43255 was produced with a Euro-2 engine. The cars of this model did not use the classic KamAZ engine - a V-shaped "eight" - only modern, lighter ones and made in China, the joint production of which was mastered in Naberezhnye Chelny.
Characteristics of the KamAZ-740.10 engine:
Listed above are only some of the models produced at the plant in Naberezhnye Chelny. The company is constantly developing new vehicles, diesel engines and chassis in order to reduce fuel consumption of KamAZ, improve performance, reliability, and efficiency. Since 2015, cooperation has been established with Mercedes to use spare parts and technical solutions of the German auto giant in Russian production.
One of important ones. One of the parameters of any vehicle is fuel consumption . And it doesn’t matter what kind of transport you have: cars or trucks . The purpose of purchasing commercial equipment is to make a profit from its operation. When calculating the economic benefits and feasibility, it is necessary to clearly understand the costs associated with repairs and maintenance, as well as how much it will cost to fill a diesel tank to take you on a flight. After purchasing a car, Kamaz owners use fuel consumption standards to calculate the necessary financial indicators (payback period, etc.).
In large logistics organizations and shopping centers that own their own fleet of trucks, the calculation of diesel fuel consumption rates is carried out by economists. Due to the huge variety of models and modifications of Kamaz trucks, the amount of diesel fuel consumption will be individual for everyone. There are averages that you can use as a guide, but the actual value will vary depending on:
- Seasonality of operation
- Period of use of the vehicle
- General technical condition and mileage of the car
- Is the engine and its individual components in good working order? In particular, fuel filter elements.
- How high quality fuel is poured?
The specifications for any special equipment always indicate fuel consumption per 100 km. But this will be the base. The actual value always differs and, as a rule, to a greater extent. It is influenced by the model and scope of the TS activity.
The amount of fuel consumed in freight transport, in particular on Kamaz dump trucks, is always taken into account in the loaded state and depends on the load capacity. If you compare a seven-ton truck and a heavy 30-ton truck, the difference is in fuel consumption per 100 km. between them will be about 10 liters. Provided that the first one consumes an average of 28-31 liters.
KamAZ-43255 dump truck engine
Currently, KamAZ-43255 dump trucks are equipped with diesel engines of the Cummins ISBe6.7 E5 250 model. This is a six-cylinder in-line diesel engine with liquid cooling, turbocharging and intercooling of charge air. Its technical parameters are as follows:
- Working volume – 6.7 liters.
- Maximum net power - 178 kW (242 hp), at crankshaft speed: 2500 rpm.
- The maximum useful torque is 937 N.m (96 kgf.m), at a crankshaft speed of 1300 rpm.
- Compression ratio – 17.3.
Cars of earlier years of production were also equipped with Cummins models Cummins B5.9 180 CIV-0 (Euro-2). This is also a six-cylinder in-line liquid-cooled diesel engine, turbocharged, with intercooling of charge air, a displacement of 5.9 liters and a power of 131 kW (178 hp)
Cummins ISBe6.7
In addition to six-cylinder Cummins, KamAZ-43255 trucks also previously used four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engines Cummins 4 ISBe 185. These turbodiesels have a displacement of 4.5 liters and develop power of up to 178 horsepower.
The engine on the KamAZ-43255 dump truck is isolated from the cab by a special casing and modern noise-absorbing material, due to which the noise level in the cabin during vehicle operation does not go beyond the minimum values.
The KamAZ-43255 engine can be supplemented with a PZD-30 or Webasto pre-heater.
Tips for reducing fuel consumption on KamAZ
If we take model 65115 as an example, then according to the passport data the fuel consumption will be 33 l/100 km. The following points will affect the indicators:
- Driving in winter - approximately +3 l.
- Use of low-quality fuel - approximately +30%.
- Transportation of heavy cargo - approximately +40%.
Thus, under the influence of various factors, consumption at KamAZ ultimately increases by 1.5-2 times. Urban travel can burn up to 42 liters.
If we consider the modification of the KamAZ 55111 truck tractor, then its load capacity is about 30 tons. When transporting such a load, even on a flat road it will reach 39l/100km. However, a lightweight modification - KamAZ 5510, used mainly in agriculture, is capable of transporting no more than 7 tons. The fuel combustion of such a car under load is 30-31 liters per hundred kilometers.
When operating a truck on an ongoing basis, the issue of diesel fuel burnout directly affects profitability. Experienced drivers are advised to monitor the condition of the car and avoid excessive overspending. It is advisable to keep the combined cycle figure at 30l/100km.
Experienced truck technicians, as well as manufacturers, recommend following the following rules:
- Carry out technical inspections in a timely manner, check the condition of the engine and chassis.
- Change engine oil regularly (at least once every 3 months), use high-quality working fluids.
- Avoid overloading, transport only the normalized weight recommended for a specific KamAZ brand.
- Reduce engine idling time.
- Create a convenient route that allows you to move at a uniform speed.
High-quality and clean oil, poured every 3-4 months, will reduce total consumption by 1-2%. With regular use over several months, this will provide significant savings. Overload not only increases KamAZ fuel consumption, but also increases engine wear. When idling, a diesel engine burns a lot of fuel, so don’t let it waste away.
Warm up the engine for a few minutes before driving to achieve optimal performance and avoid over-running. Experienced drivers actively use modern tools to plot routes and monitor the number of traffic jams on the roads. By following simple operating rules, you can reduce consumption.
Source
Has fuel consumption increased sharply? Together we look for reasons.
Transmission KamAZ-43255
The KamAZ-43255 truck can be equipped with several options for mechanical transmissions.
Currently it is a ZF 6S700 six-speed manual gearbox. This model has the following gear ratios: 1-6,О2/ 2-З,З2/ З- 2,О7/ 4- 1,4/ 5- 1,О/ 6-О,79/ 3Х - 5, 58. The main gear ratio is 6.5Z.
Also, on cars of this model, gearboxes of the ZF 6S1000 type were previously used. This (just like the currently used model) is a six-speed gearbox. All forward gears in the main gearbox are connected by synchronizers, and the reverse gear is connected by a gear clutch. The highest gear is an overdrive. The gear ratios of this manual transmission range from 6.75 to 0.78.
Both of these modern mechanical transmissions create decent acceleration dynamics, which is very important when operating a truck in specific urban conditions.
Cars of the first years of production were also equipped with a domestic five-speed manual gearbox, the KamAZ-141 model - with a three-way switching device and synchronizers in second, third, fourth and fifth gears.
The clutch on KamAZ-43255 vehicles is single-disk, diaphragm, pull-type, with a hydraulic drive and a WABCO pneumatic hydraulic booster (PGU). The diameter of the driven disk is 362 mm. The name of the clutch models used in KamAZ-43255 is MFZ 350 and MFZ 430, from the German company SACHS.
checkpoint
On the KAMAZ 43255 chassis, 2 types of gearboxes are used:
- domestic KAMAZ-141 at 5 stages;
- German ZF 6S1000 - with 6 gears.
Both options are controlled remotely mechanically. The main gear ratio is 6.53. This chassis control system allows for optimal consumption of diesel fuel.
The chassis is coupled by a hydraulic drive with a pneumatic booster. The linings used in the unit have a diameter of 395 mm. Clutch type: pull-out, diaphragm, on one disc.
Suspension and chassis
Dump trucks and universal chassis KamAZ-43255 are based on a classic cargo platform with a 4x2 wheel arrangement and spring suspension on the front and rear axles. The robust design allows this vehicle to easily cope with heavy weight loads. The car drives quite softly when fully loaded and hard when loaded. A design feature of this model is the low center of gravity of the transported cargo. In combination with anti-roll bars and an anti-lock braking system, this ensures increased vehicle stability in all conditions.
The front suspension is made on 2 longitudinal semi-elliptical single-lug springs, hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers, with rubber travel limiting buffers, with sliding rear ends of the springs. It is equipped with a stabilizer bar, which increases the angular rigidity of the suspension, reducing the roll angle of the sprung part of the vehicle under the action of lateral (lateral) force, and increases the stability of this truck.
The rear suspension is also made on 2 longitudinal semi-elliptical single-ear springs and hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers. The ends of the springs are sliding. And also equipped with a stabilizer bar.
The wheel rim size on KamAZ-43255 can be of three types: 7.5-20, or 7.5-22.5, or 8.25-22.5. The wheels are mounted on a disc type, with pneumatic tube tires of size 10.00 R20, or 11.00 R22.5.
Brakes, wheels, electrical equipment
By the way, the fuel consumption rate for the KamAZ 6520 is set out above; let us only recall that the dump truck is economical in this regard, which attracts foreign consumers. KamAZ-65117 with CMU reduces manual labor to a minimum; reduce the number of employed people to 1 person, and the units of equipment used to one; allows you to install loads in hard-to-reach places and carry them among mounted structures; reload cargo into the back of a nearby truck or trailer.
Steering and braking control KamAZ-43255
The steering of the KamAZ-43255 dump truck is equipped with a hydraulic booster built into the steering mechanism. The working pair consists of a screw with a nut on circulating balls and a rack that engages with the toothed sector of the bipod shaft.
The vehicle's braking system includes drum mechanisms that are installed on all wheels of the KamAZ-43255 dump truck. Drum brake mechanisms are equipped with a pneumatic drive. The diameter of the brake drums is 400 millimeters, the width of the brake pads is 140 millimeters. In addition to the main brakes, KamAZ-43255 is also equipped with parking and backup brake systems.
Cars of this model can also be equipped with a four-channel anti-lock braking system (ABS), type 4S/4M (4 sensors / 4 modulators), produced by KNORR BREMZE (Germany), NP RUP EKRAN (Belarus).
The anti-lock braking system includes wheel speed sensors, brake pressure modulators, an auxiliary brake release solenoid valve, an electronic control unit, a relay, a fuse box, connecting cables, a diagnostic lamp and a diagnostic button.
Tipper loading platform
The KamAZ-43255 chassis is equipped with NefAZ (Neftekamsk Automobile Plant) dump truck platforms and a hydraulic lifting system. The body is all-metal, welded, box-shaped. It has a one-way type of unloading (rear) and an oval section of the bottom of the body. For additional cargo protection, this tipper body can be equipped with a canopy. A special protective canopy closes the gap between the cabin and the platform. The vehicle is equipped with a hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering the platform with electro-pneumatic control from the driver's cabin.
- The volume of the dump truck body is 6 cubic meters.
- The platform's elevation angle is 55 degrees.
- The time for lifting the body with a load is 30 seconds.
The subframe is a welded structure consisting of two side members, cross members and a subframe reinforcement.
The mechanism for raising and lowering the loading platform contains:
- power take-off box with oil pump for power take-off from the gearbox;
- oil pump - gear or axial piston type, high pressure;
- hydraulic cylinder – telescopic type, single-acting;
- a control unit that supplies the flow of working fluid in the hydraulic system of the tipping mechanism and consists of a block of hydraulic valves and electric pneumatic valves;
- body lift limit valve, which limits its lift when the maximum specified angle is reached;
- The oil tank is stamped and welded, equipped with filters on the filler neck and drain line, and a magnetic plug.
Lifting mechanism
A special hydraulic lifting mechanism is responsible for unloading the body, which is controlled by electro-pneumatic drives from the cabin.
This mechanism is presented:
- Power take-off;
- Gear or axial piston oil pump;
- Control unit;
- Lift limitation valve;
- Oil tank;
- Single-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinder.
This mechanism is capable of raising the cargo platform at an angle of up to 55 degrees. The body lowers under the influence of its own weight and takes no more than 30 seconds.
Technical specifications in numbers
- Overall dimensions: length – 6030 mm; width – 2500 mm; height – 2920 mm.
- Wheelbase – 3500 mm.
- Weight parameters and loads: curb weight – 6900 kg; total weight – 14800 kg; load capacity – 7750 kg.
- Axle load: with curb weight - 3450 kg on the front axle, 3450 kg on the rear axle; with total weight - 5300 kg on the front axle, 9500 kg on the rear axle.
- The weight distribution of the equipped vehicle (not a dump truck, but a universal chassis) is 3400 kg on the front axle, 2050 kg on the rear axle.
- The maximum speed determined by the manufacturer is 95 km/h.
- Acceleration time to 80 km/h for a fully loaded vehicle is 65 seconds.
- The angle of the climb to be overcome is at least 25% (14 degrees)..
- The outer overall turning radius is 7.5 meters.
- Angle of climb overcome, not less than % (deg).
- Fuel tank capacity is 210 liters of diesel fuel.
- The control consumption of diesel fuel when driving at full load and at a speed of 60 km/h is 22 liters per 100 km.
- Cruising range based on control fuel consumption is 950 km.
- The braking distance with a full load, when driving at a speed of 60 km/h, to a complete stop is 36.7 meters.
Cummins engines related to Euro-4
Main technical characteristics Value Vehicle weight with trailer 19.35 t 33.35 t Dimensions length, height, width 7615x2500x2900 cm Platform area 12.2 sq. m. Now, not only traditional KamAZ trucks, which became widespread in the USSR, are produced here, but also other equipment - buses, tractors, mini-power plants, as well as components for them.
Cabin KamAZ-43255
The first modifications of KamAZ-43255 vehicles were equipped with a classic KamAZ cab from the 70s, located above the engine, without a sleeping place, but with a high roof. The small size of this cabin and its height from ground level allow you to quickly and easily get to the cabin, several times per shift.
After restyling in 2010, the external design of the car changed greatly, and the cabin interior was radically transformed. The dashboard was designed in a completely new style and trimmed with higher quality plastic. Additional shelves and niches appeared. The panel itself was turned towards the driver.
The KamAZ-43255 cab is equipped with an efficient heater that operates almost silently. If necessary, the cabin can be raised to an angle of 55 degrees using a hydraulic mechanism.
As standard, the model's cabin is equipped with an adjustable steering column, a driver's seat with air suspension, a three-blade windshield wiper, a powerful interior heater, and an anti-glare panel. Additionally and optionally available are air conditioning, electric windows, electric heated driver's seat and a standard radio.
Braking system
For KAMAZ 43255 vehicles, the set of drum brakes operating on a pneumatic drive remains unchanged:
- drum diameter – 40 cm;
- pad width – 140 cm;
- the total area of the brake linings is 6.3 square meters. dm.
The chassis is equipped with leaf spring suspension at the front and rear.
KamAZ 43255 - rear view
Driver reviews about KamAZ-43255
Drivers speak mostly positively about KamAZ-43255 trucks - as fast, compact, maneuverable vehicles. With a full load, however, the car no longer picks up speed so quickly and has difficulty climbing steep hills. It is not intended for serious off-road travel: it can get stuck. But for transporting goods around the city, its power and capabilities are quite enough.
The cabin, although not spacious, is cozy, and the ceiling is high. The driver's seat is comfortable, with air cushion. There is practically no shaking when driving. The steering column is easy to customize. The steering wheel turns easily thanks to the hydraulic booster.
The car's spring suspension is rigid: when the body is empty, it shakes quite violently.
Price
The cost of the new KamAZ-43255 dump truck now starts at 3 million rubles. Depending on the modification and additional equipment, the price tag may increase.
A used truck on the secondary market can be purchased at a cost ranging from 1.5 million to 1.7 million rubles. As a rule, these are models released between 2012 and 2015. For early modifications, produced from 2007 to 2010, owners often ask from 850 thousand to 950 thousand rubles.
