Engine heater for trucks PZD 14TS 10. What is it?

Purpose of heaters

Today, almost no truck in Russia can do without an engine preheating device. The harsh climatic conditions of our country require a comprehensive solution to the issue of engine pre-start preparation. One of such solutions is the Teplostar 14TS-10 diesel heater, supplied to the main conveyor of many large car assembly plants. This multifunctional device provides:

• Pre-start preparation of the engine in the cold season;
• Maintaining the thermal state of a truck engine for a long time (reheater mode);
• Defrosting car cabin windows.

Decoding error codes for KamAZ railways - table

The following malfunctions of the pre-heater are relevant for all generations and modifications of KAMAZ, starting with Euro-2, with a factory modification of the type:

• 4308;
• 43118;
• 65115.

Below is a table with a breakdown of all the indicator instructions.

Operating principle of 14TS-10

After switching on, the pre-heater unit tests and monitors the performance of all elements of the device; if no faults are found, then the process of igniting diesel fuel in the combustion chamber is carried out. Then, turning on the electric pump (pump) ensures forced circulation of coolant between the vehicle engine and the autonomous heater. The coolant (antifreeze, antifreeze) is heated by receiving thermal energy from the heat exchange system of the heater, subsequently this energy is transferred to the engine, gradually increasing its temperature. The standard operating cycles are 3 or 8 hours, depending on the position of the switch on the control panel. At any point in the cycle, the Teplostar engine heater can be turned off manually by simply pressing the switch. In this case, the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber is stopped and it is purged to remove gases and combustion products.

Heaters operate on 12V and 24V voltage.

Principle of operation

The main task of the 14TS-10 pre-start diesel heater is to prepare the engine, that is, to warm up the liquid cooling system before leaving . When the fuel burns, heat is released in the chamber, which passes through the walls of the heat exchanger. At this moment, the coolant mixture heats up and circulates through the vehicle’s cooling system.

The device can operate in two modes: economical (cycle duration is 8 hours) or pre-start (3 hours). It should be noted that the power consumption in the second case is much higher. According to this plan, purging of the combustion chamber begins. The glow plug reaches the desired temperature, and only then fuel and air begin to flow into the chamber. This is how combustion occurs. The flame indicator controls this process, and the control unit is designed to control the operation of the entire vehicle 14.

In this video you will learn the specifics of the engine preheater:

What is included in the 14TS-10 kit

The delivery package of the autonomous heater includes everything necessary for standard installation on a car:

• Heater with control unit;
• Fuel pump for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber;
• Remote Control;
• An electric circulation pump (pump) used to forcibly pump the working fluid of the cooling system;
• Electrical wiring (power harness, fuel pump harness, pump harness, main harness);
• Fuel tank 13 liters;
• Exhaust corrugation;
• Installation kits: hardware, mounting brackets, clamps, polyamide fuel line, etc.;
• Documentation: Instructions, manufacturer's warranty card.

Device modes

The control unit is designed to regulate the temperature of the mixture, which cools the combustion process. Temperature values ​​influence the choice of device mode. The following modes exist:

• small (4 kW) - the liquid intended for cooling warms up to +80°C;
• medium (9 kW) - the coolant heating rate is +75°C;
• full (15 kW) - with the economical program the mixture is heated to +55°C, with the pre-start program - up to +70°C.

When the temperature of this liquid begins to exceed +80°C, the cooling mode is automatically activated and combustion stops.

Despite this, the pump continues to work, so heating the vehicle does not stop. If the temperature drops below +55°C, the “Full” mode for the pre-start program or “Medium” for the economical program starts.

Heater control

The standard equipment includes a mechanical control panel PU4MR. With its help, the user can turn on/off the pre-starter, select an operating cycle of 3 or 8 hours, and control the standard cabin fan.

If necessary, optionally, you can replace the mechanical remote control with an electronic remote timer, which allows you to set the automatic switching on of the Teplostar 14TS-10 engine heater according to a preset timer.

Control unit and control panel

The block performs three options: performs primary diagnostics and checks errors during operation; starts the heater and operates it in economy or pre-start mode; turns off the device due to inoperability of the components or some parameter that has exceeded its limit, as well as due to flame failure.

Using the remote control, you can control the autonomy - turn it on and off manually, set the heating time and control the ventilation system in the cabin. Instruction 14TS-10 is not complicated, but you need to study it. All actions are performed using the panel .

It has 2 switches, an LED and a thermostat knob.

The remote control will help you with control

Applicability

The Teplostar diesel preheater is reliable, easy to operate and has low maintenance and repair costs. The lion's share of consumption of these autonomous vehicles falls on primary buyers - large automobile manufacturers: factories for the production of MAZ, PAZ trucks, tractor factories, special equipment factories and others.

Teplostar 14TS-10 are also mounted on trucks from European and American manufacturers, when repairing an imported heater is not cost-effective or long-term due to the lack of spare parts.

It is worth noting that the use of this heater does not end with trucks. Very often they can be found in the configurations of mobile diesel stations and diesel generators operating in cold conditions.

There are often cases when the Teplostar “pre-starter” is even used for heating a room, for example, it is connected to a heating system that has radiators with a circulating coolant (antifreeze, water).

Errors and their elimination

When the Teplostar does not start or some part in it has failed, the first thing you need to do is inspect the connectors and contacts. Their characteristics are presented in the table:

Many faults are displayed as error codes.

Each of them has its own decoding. Thanks to such signals, you can fix the problem yourself. Error codes PZD 14TS-10 and their interpretation by the number of blinks from 1 to 10:

1. Overheating has occurred in the heat exchanger. The system, using a semiconductor temperature and overheating sensor (SSD), shows +120°C. In this case, it is worth checking the operation of the pump and the functionality of the fluid circuit. If the difference is more than 20°, then change the sensor if necessary.
2. All attempts to start have been exhausted, but the boiler does not want to start. In this case, you need to check how much fuel is in the system and how it is supplied. You also need to check the system in which the fuel burns and the pipeline that discharges exhaust gases.
3. Flame interruption. The error indicates that you need to check the presence of fuel and its supply system. It is also worth inspecting the air supply system for fuel combustion. When the heating system turns on, you need to check the operation of the flame indicator and, if necessary, replace it. The filter installed on the fuel may be clogged.
4. This error code 14TC-10 indicates that there are problems with the glow plug. Perhaps a fault in the motor is to blame. The supercharger wiring and spark plug operation should be checked. If necessary, components must be replaced.
5. Flame indicator problem. The wiring needs to be inspected. It is worth checking the resistance of the indicator contacts: if the reading is more than 90 Ohms, an open is detected, less than 10 Ohms - a short circuit.
6. The temperature and/or overheating sensor has become unusable. It's worth checking the wires. Most likely, you will have to replace the sensors.
7. Failures in the circulation pump. If there is a break in the electrical circuits, then they need to be replaced. The short circuit must be repaired. If there are problems with the relay, it should be replaced with a new one.
8. There is no connection between the remote control and the control unit. You need to carefully inspect the connectors and wiring.
9. High/low voltage, the device has switched off. The battery, wiring, or voltage regulator must be repaired.
10. The time allotted for ventilation has expired. The battery has not completely cooled down over a certain period of time. It is necessary to recheck the system supplying air to the fuel combustion chamber, and also replace the flame indicator.

Opinions about Teplostar are mostly positive. If you want to purchase it, then you should read the reviews and make sure that it is really necessary. The model range consists of the 11TS heater and 16 modifications of the 14TS. The manufacturer provides a guarantee for each device, but if instructions for proper operation are ignored, claims regarding malfunctions will not be considered.