Products made in China are usually associated with inexpensive and mediocre quality goods. But it is not always the case. One of the exceptions is the Shakman truck (dump truck). Technical characteristics allow it to be used in various industries, construction, transportation of large cargo and other areas. For quite a long time this car has been popular and in demand on the Russian market. The equipment fully complies with modern requirements and standards.
A few words about the manufacturer
Shakman dump trucks are manufactured at SHAANXI HEAVY DUTY AUTOMOBILE Co., which is located in the Shaanxi province of China. In addition to him, the company owns other concerns. They are engaged in the production of individual components and assemblies (axles, radiators, etc.), which are used to assemble trucks from different manufacturers. In total it includes 10 enterprises.
The name “Shakman” appeared thanks to the long-term cooperation between “Chansi” and the German auto company. As a result, not only the name was born. Shakman dump trucks have appeared on sale, which include German design, comfort and Chinese low cost.
Endless repair
At the agreed time, all four dump trucks arrived at the site. And here again there were some adventures with Russian cars: KAMAZ refused to engage reverse gear. Apparently, KAMAZ and MAZ always have a problem with gear shifting, and neither the manufacturer nor the dealer centers plan to do anything about it. In addition, none of the Russian dump trucks had any tools or jacks. And in the Shakhman there was a box with all the necessary tools. But there was also a problem with the Chinese dump truck . It was necessary to check the pressure in the inner wheels of the rear axles, but they did not find a connection for pumping. Another problem was that the plastic cap of the fuel tank was jammed. I had to pick at it with a pry bar, which resulted in it being broken. To cover the fuel tank, they tied a rag and a bag.
Interior description
Shakman dump trucks are assembled with an eye on the German Man truck. The cabin was taken from them, which is equipped with everything necessary to create comfortable conditions. Due to the double layer of insulation (outside and inside), the cabin is warm at any time of the year.
The seat is equipped with a headrest that can change its position. Thanks to this, the driver will be comfortable even during long work. For the same purpose, the position of the steering column can also be changed. There are as many as four cup holders. They will be enough for both the driver and the passenger.
There are compartments on the doors in which you can put personal items (clothes, etc.). There are also small compartments under the seat, above the windshield and on the dashboard.
There is a separate box for tools. It is located below, next to the side door. This arrangement makes it easy to get the necessary items. Immediately above the box there is a sleeping place.
The instrument panel is very convenient. All buttons and switches are located in such a way that it is convenient for the driver to use them. A radio tape recorder is installed on the panel. The cabin has climate control and ventilation systems. There are curtains on the windshield to protect from sunlight.
Body and its types
Trucks of this brand are equipped with bodies that are heated by exhaust gases. Metal with a thickness of 8 to 10 millimeters is used as the bottom. To make the sides, metal with a thickness of 4 to 6 millimeters is used.
The body volume of the Shakman dump truck is 19.3 or 24.3 cubic meters for three-axle and four-axle models, respectively. These parameters can be increased due to additional sections that extend the sides. But in such situations, there is a high probability of the car being overloaded.
The board is available in three versions:
- oblique;
- checkers;
- U-shaped.
The manufacturer states that the maximum permissible weight of the machine is 25 or 35 tons, depending on the number of axles.
Trucks with a 6x4 wheelbase
Manufacturers have provided three modifications in which the Shakman vehicle (dump truck) is assembled. The technical characteristics of each of them, naturally, have their own characteristics.
The carrying capacity of models in this category is 25 tons. Body volume is 19 cubic meters. The truck weighs 14.3 tons. Its total weight reaches 39.3 tons.
The cabin can accommodate two people. But only one can sleep. There is only one berth in the cabin.
The power unit is represented by a diesel engine with a volume of 9.7 or 10.8 liters. It is characterized by six cylinders, liquid cooling, direct injection intercooler and turbocharging. The engine produces 336 or 345 horsepower. The power unit belongs to the Euro-4 class. The engine is complemented by a gearbox that has 12 + 2 gears.
Shakman dump trucks can accelerate to 85 or 92 kilometers per hour. The maximum incline angle the truck can overcome is 30 degrees. The minimum turning radius does not exceed 25 meters.
SHACMAN. How to choose the right 6x4 dump truck
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Visual inspection
Make sure there are no strange hieroglyphs on the cockpit or spoiler. The SHACMAN inscription on the hood means that the car is assembled for export.
Engine
The car must be equipped with a WP10.336N engine with a power of 336 hp. Currently, it represents the highest achievement of the WEICHAI POWER engine-building corporation. Any deviation in the engine marking means that they are trying to sell you some unfinished engine (WP10.340 E32, etc.) at the price of a real one. Suppliers of smuggled Euro-2 class cars are especially trying here. I would like to tell you about this that I once drove a VAZ-2109 and still remember the location of the 2 adjusting screws in its carburetor. I had a culture shock when I moved to a VW Golf5. I assure you that the difference in the performance properties of Euro-2 and Euro-3 engines is similar: only the fuel economy when moving from Euro-2 to Euro-3 reaches 30%!
Euro-4 class cars are a special topic and the situation with them requires special consideration.
checkpoint
The dump truck gearbox must be marked 12JS160TA. The nameplate with markings is located on the top front of the gearbox. There are boxes 10JS... - they are not synchronized, 12JSD... - these are boxes from the domestic market, they differ in configuration from those that are common in our country. For example, I suggest using a caliper to measure the distances between the bolts securing the PTO to the gearbox. And finally, there are 12JS160T (without the letter A at the end) - these are “slow” gearboxes; they do not allow the dump truck to accelerate beyond 75 km/h. The reason is a direct top gear with a gear ratio of 1, versus 0.78 for the 12JS160TA. It is these gearboxes that make up the basic equipment of the F3000 series dump trucks. The cost of “overclocking” the 12JS160T gearbox to 12JS160TA is about 60,000 rubles. in 2012 prices (at a standard hour cost of 1,300 rubles): gearbox removal/installation - 12 standard hours, gearbox assembly/disassembly - 25 standard hours, components, 18 liters of gear oil, maintenance of work. Details of the event in the educational film about assembling the EATON FULLER Fast Gear gearbox:
I would like to point out another great opportunity - installing an automatic transmission of the ALLISON 4500 model. Despite the high cost of the event (at least 500,000 rubles), it makes economic sense. A dump truck with an automatic transmission can be driven by a female driver (for example, from a nearby taxi depot or trolleybus depot - you just need to adjust the categories). There are no drivers who are more disciplined, responsible and careful in handling equipment.
Bridge
Until 2013, the “correct” configuration included 13-ton axles with a gear ratio of 5.73. The marking plate is located on the bridge “stocking” on the right in the direction of travel from above. Since 2013, Shaanxi dump trucks have been supplied with 16-ton axles. I note that the 13-ton and 16-ton balancing trolleys are clearly distinguishable by eye: in the first case, the springs are fastened with 2 stepladders, in the second - with 4.
The new Shaanxi 16-ton axles are marked DH7131200102 and undoubtedly represent one of the major achievements of SHAANXI Factories. They originate from 16-ton axles that were equipped with 40-ton MAN TGA dump trucks (type H57). It can be assumed that the German side considered it possible to transfer the relevant technologies, because other axles are already installed on MAN vehicles of the latest TGS series (type 58).
During the “localization” process, Chinese specialists significantly improved the design. So, if the center differential crosspiece (81.35608.0025), its satellites (81.35609.0009), gaskets (81.90701.0721 and 81.91710.0445) and bushings (81.93021.0219) still have MAN markings (starting with the prefix “81.”) , then the middle axle gearbox assembled with the differential has already “lost” the original designation 81.35600-6374, but received the Shaanxi marking DH7131200102.
By the way, the gearbox assembly, differential and other axle parts are replaced with components for 16-ton FAW axles. See FAW Catalog CA3252 and FAW Directive No. TSB 20G 2012 dated 24 October 2012.
Details
There are a lot of details, because... You need to compare SHACMAN cars with a strictly regulated configuration - on the one hand, and some random sets of components (sometimes used), which end up on our roads in incomprehensible (smuggling) ways - on the other.
The SHACMAN configuration involves the use of 2 rechargeable batteries with a capacity of 180 Ah. In China, it’s not uncommon to see dump trucks equipped with a pair of 135 Ah batteries; normal batteries simply won’t fit into the battery box provided for them! Accordingly, pleasant SHACMAN things: electric heating of the fuel intake in the tank, heating of the fuel coarse filter, etc. (see the “Cold start” section in the Operating Instructions) turn out to be impossible. The generator and starter of such a “car” are designed for lower current, so in winter you will have to experience their unpleasant features during operation. And try to find a replacement for them in case of malfunction!
There is no insulation in the cabin trim of some particularly cheap cars.
Important. When receiving the car, make sure that it has undergone technical maintenance of the scope TO-2 (see Service Book) in the Russian Federation, in particular, that Chinese-made lubricants in the main components and assemblies have been replaced with domestic ones. Receive from the Seller:
- Service book (with a mark on completion of Pre-sale preparation and maintenance);
- Vehicle operating instructions (with explanation about the Shatsman button);
- Electrical diagram of the car;
- Instructions for maintenance and repair of the engine (Be sure to read the Instructions before you decide to disassemble your engine yourself: at least you will be able to understand the resistance classes of the sealant-retainers used during assembly. Please note: WEICHAI POWER specialists recommend the use of sealants from the world's leading manufacturer LOCTITE);
- Spare parts packing list.
Particularly important here is the Service Book with marks on the completion of maintenance, because
The Federal Law “On Technical Inspection of Vehicles...” currently being discussed actually equates it to a technical inspection ticket. For engines, two Instructions have been published in Russian:
- Diesel engine WP-10. Ecological class EURO-III. Maintenance and repair manual;
- Operation and maintenance manual for automobile diesel engines WP10 of Euro-IV environmental class.
They have a number of significant differences. Make sure that the materials provided to you correspond to the equipment of the vehicle you are purchasing.
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6x6 models
There are three truck models in this category.
One of them (SX3256DR385) has the following dimensions: 5600 mm in length, 2300 mm in width and 1500 mm in height. The body volume is 19 cubic meters. The car can turn around at 18 meters. The truck is driven by a diesel engine with a volume of 9.7 liters and a power of 336 horsepower. The engine is complemented by a 9-speed gearbox.
The same dimensions, but a more powerful motor, are also typical for the second model (SX3256DT385) “Shakman”. The dump truck, whose engine has a volume of 11.6 liters, produces up to 375 horsepower.
And the last model is SX3256DV385, which is the most powerful. It has a six-cylinder power unit. It is equipped with turbocharging, liquid cooling and an intercooler. Its power is 400 horsepower.
8x4 vehicles
Shakman dump trucks with an 8x4 wheel arrangement are presented in two models. The power unit of the first model has a volume of 9.7 liters and a power of 336 horsepower. The second version has a more powerful engine. Its volume has been increased to 10.8 liters. Power reaches 385 horsepower.
Both models have the same dimensions. The length of the body is 7600 millimeters, width – 2300 millimeters, height – 1500 millimeters. Body volume reaches 266 cubic meters. The curb weight of each vehicle is 17.3 tons. In this case, the total weight is 48.3 tons. The car has a lift angle of up to 50 degrees.
The Shakman dump truck, whose fuel consumption is 38 liters per hundred kilometers, can accelerate to 85 kilometers per hour. To turn around, he needs only 18 meters.
The basic equipment of the models includes air conditioning, heated body, electric windows, electric heated side mirrors, and a fluid coupling.
Shacman dump truck. Variations and technical features
Despite the fact that the steel Atlas - Shacman comes from the Middle Kingdom, its exterior can be seen to belong to the German avant-garde.
Three models of Shacman dump trucks combine the best practices of the German-Chinese partnership in metal.
Three images of Shacman dump trucks
Under the auspices of the Chinese brand, they produce models of tipper trucks: SX3256DR384, SX3256DR385, SX3316DT366.
And although in general the designs of the dump trucks correspond to the authentic style of Asian engineers, the appearance of the cabs carries the design ideas of old MAN models.
And this is justified, because all versions of Shacman dump trucks correspond to the prototypes of the cabins of German trucks of the F2000 and F3000 model series, which were produced before 1998.
All are equipped with separate driver comfort options in the form of air conditioning, heater and car radio.
Basic cabins are characterized by an all-metal design with insulation. Their design provides for one berth and installation on four hydraulic shock absorbers.
However, the trio of Chinese dump trucks not only has different configurations, but also has the potential to install a variety of options.
Shacman dump truck modifications
The manufacturer offers 18 modifications, which, figuratively speaking, divide the line into groups not only depending on the type of cabin and engine model, but also on the basis of the gearbox and wheel formula used.
The Shacman 384 version dump truck is equipped with a manual transmission model 12js160t(a), which has 12 forward and 2 reverse gears. The chassis of the unit is represented by a 6x4 wheel arrangement in a 3-axle design.
The gross vehicle weight is 25,000 kg. Moreover, these parameters are typical for all tipper trucks of this version, which includes six vehicles.
For the Shacman 385 version of the dump truck, engineers also used a manual transmission, but of a different model - 9js150t-b with a zqc2000 transfer case.
According to the technical specifications, this gearbox has 8 forward and one reverse gears.
In addition, the line of these dump trucks consists of four vehicles, the chassis of which also comes in a 3-axle version, but with a 6x6 wheel arrangement. The total weight of the dump truck is also 25,000 kg.
The most extensive range of dump truck units is version 366. It includes eight vehicles in a 4-axle design with an 8x4 wheel arrangement.
Any of the dump trucks in this line has a total weight of 31,000 kg and is equipped with a manual transmission model 12js160ta. Accordingly, there are 12 forward gears and 2 reverse gears.
Features of the Shacman technical package
Among the features of the Shacman dump truck model range, there is ranking by cab type. Thus, for versions 384 and 366, the F2000 and F3000 configurations are provided, while for version 385 the manufacturer installs an F3000 cab.
Along with this, all dump trucks can be divided into equipment with one type of engine or another.
Shacman dump trucks in extended configuration are equipped with a power unit of the Chinese version of Cummins, either ISM11E4 345 or ISM11E4 385.
At the same time, the letter “C” is automatically added to the main abbreviation of the dump truck brand, which indicates the presence of a Cummins engine under the hood.
This is a 4-stroke in-line six-cylinder diesel engine, which has both a turbocharger and an intercooler, and also uses a direct injection system and liquid cooling.
In addition, the muffler uses a built-in neutralizer and a selective catalytic cleaning system. Along with this, engineers use Bosch injectors and injection pumps in this model, and an HX50/Wuxi Holset turbocharger.
The power unit itself has a power of 345/385 hp. With. at 1900 rpm and a working volume of 10.8 liters. With a curb weight of 940 kg, the engine measures 1335 mm x 825 mm x 1159 mm.
In addition, the compression ratio is 16.2:1, and the maximum torque is within 1678/1825 N•m.
In the basic version for Russia, Shacman dump trucks are equipped with a 6-cylinder in-line diesel steel heart of the Weichai WP10 or WP12 brand of Euro-4 standard, which is capable of delivering 336/375 hp. With. at 1900 rpm.
For example, a WP10.336E40 motor weighs 875 kg. It is equipped with cylinders with a displacement of 9.7 liters and turbocharging. At the same time, the compression ratio is 17:1, and the torque reaches 1500 N•m.
According to technical data, the engine has dimensions of 1525 mm x 730 mm x 1063 mm and is capable of accelerating the car to 90 km/h.
In this version, the power unit is also cooled using liquid, and fuel is supplied under pressure.
General concept of components and mechanisms
However, the Shacman family of dump trucks has not only a number of differences, but also similar technical features. For example, absolutely the entire line is characterized by the presence of the following mechanisms:
- The transmission uses a double spaced main gear Shaanxi Han De Axle;
- the pneumatic braking system is represented by a dual-circuit drive, divided into circuits for the front axle and the rear bogie, where a brake force regulator is introduced and ABS is used;
- dependent front suspension is used on longitudinal semi-elliptical springs, as well as telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers;
- rear bogie - balanced on semi-elliptic springs with anti-roll bar or dependent, on 4 pneumatic elements;
- a dry single-plate clutch with a hydraulic drive and pneumatic booster is used;
- An aluminum fuel tank is installed, for which, like the filter, heating is provided.
By the way, the manufacturer does not limit customers in choosing the most suitable equipment configuration, therefore, as additional options, it offers to equip any Shacman dump truck with a Webasto ST90 pre-heater, a 2000 ST air heater, as well as an automatic or manual transmission of the Fast Gear, Allison or Eaton brands.
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Advantages of Shakman trucks
Dump trucks from China of this brand have a number of advantages that make these models stand out among their analogues:
- Convenient and comfortable cabin. The motor is placed low, allowing the driver to easily move around the cabin. Low noise level is achieved due to a double layer of insulation.
- Good thermal insulation of the cabin, which allows the dump truck to be used in any climatic conditions.
- On-board instruments are ergonomically combined and installed on the panel.
- The driver's seat is equipped with air suspension. The steering column is adjustable. Thanks to this, the driver of a car of any configuration will be comfortable behind the wheel.
- A comfortable sleeping place, complemented by a headboard, the position of which can be changed.
- High performance characteristics. For example, you can measure the oil level without raising the cab.
- Large load capacity.
- “Shakman” is a dump truck that is equipped with inter-axle and inter-wheel locks, which greatly facilitate movement on difficult sections of the road.
- Three mirrors provide a good view of the rear view. Curb and sliding mirrors are installed, which serve as additional assistance in monitoring the situation on the road.
Since 2013, all models exported belong to class 4 in terms of environmental friendliness (“Euro-4”).
Reviews from car owners
Reviews of Shakman dump trucks left by drivers who are familiar with this truck first-hand are impressive. Most of them are positive. Most of the details are well thought out by the manufacturer. The power units are quite powerful. They are durable, repairable, and easy to care for. Spare parts are available for sale. They can always be replaced with similar ones. Thanks to this, there are no difficulties with repairs.
There are some negative aspects regarding cars of this brand. Most often, car owners report strong swaying while driving. This is due to the large dimensions of the dump truck. Some drivers complain about the quality of the wiring. It often gets damaged and fails.
You can find so-called gray cars on the market. Their technical characteristics are very similar to those of real models. And a simple amateur does not always manage to find the differences. The most striking landmark to determine the origin of a car is color. The automaker paints its models only yellow.
Chinese Shakman dump trucks are a good option for those who value practicality and functionality, power and affordability. Thanks to its high technical characteristics, a car of this brand is able to satisfy the needs of even the most demanding driver. Plus, the affordable cost of a car (even a new one) further expands the range of buyers.
conclusions
Our test drive is coming to an end and now is the time to draw conclusions. First of all, let's look at the fuel consumption of trucks. MAZ spent 53.2 liters per “hundred”, KAMAZ - 54.8 liters, and Shacman surprised everyone - only 40 liters per 100 km.
The efficiency of the Shacman dump truck put an end to the competition. Victory remained with him, and MAZ and KAMAZ were defeated. The Shacman isn't the best truck out there, but it's superior to our trucks in almost every way. In terms of cost, it is in second place: KAMAZ turned out to be more expensive.
You can buy a Chinese Shacman dump truck in the “Equipment and Components” section.
