Motor grader DZ-98: technical characteristics, engine, transmission

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has been working in the road construction industry for almost 20 years and has earned a reputation as a reliable manufacturer. Our customers are the largest enterprises in the gold mining and oil and gas industries.

Motor graders are supplied under government contracts, on the territory of the Russian Federation and to neighboring countries. SDM-25 has proven itself in various operating conditions, including in the Far North.

The SDM-25 grader meets the requirements of Decree No. 719 “On the origin of Russian-made products.” The company is included in the List of the largest manufacturers of self-propelled equipment of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia and participates in all government programs to support Russian manufacturers of road construction equipment. "SpetsDorMash" is accredited by almost all federal leasing companies. SDM-25 is included in the list of equipment for which subsidies are provided to leasing companies to reduce the down payment.

Video about the enterprise and the SDM-25 grader

DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE

The DZ 98 motor grader is a product of the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. The model appeared on the Russian market in 1991. DZ 98 is the most powerful product of the brand and has no competitors in the Russian market. In addition to the standard technical parameters inherent in the factory version, the model can be improved and modified without significant intervention in the design.

The DZ 98 series is used to perform various excavation and profiling operations with soil of categories I-IV. Design features make the DZ 98 most effective when performing large volumes of work in the following areas:

• pickling (loosening worn-out road surface or soil);
• major repairs or construction of gravel and dirt roads;
• clearing the territory and roads of snow;
• installation of a trough under the foundation for road construction;
• transportation of inert materials;
• planning of large areas;
• moving and leveling soil.

The most common models in the series are:

• DZ 98 – basic variation;
• DZ 98V - version with a driven front axle, the ability to adjust the steering column, a blade rotation function and an expanded range of engines.

The grader is available in 2 versions:

• standard version for work in mid-latitudes (from – 45 to +40 degrees);
• tropical version for areas with a tropical climate (dry or humid).

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Application area

The scope of use of the DZ 98 grader is quite wide. Most often it is used for excavation and profiling activities on soils of classes 1-4. It is used for:

• laying and major repairs of dirt or gravel roads;
• preparing and leveling the surface for further laying of paved roads;
• formation of slopes, roadsides, embankments;
• leveling loose soils, preparing construction site surfaces;
• reclamation works, as well as preparation for the construction of hydraulic structures;
• cleaning roads from snow, sand, and other types of pollution;
• movement of inert materials;
• dismantling old road surfaces and remains of permanent buildings.

Motor grader DZ - features, manufacturer:

A grader that has no analogues in Russia; The DZ 98 motor grader quite rightly deserved this review.

The configuration of this model allows it to be used in the road service for the construction and maintenance of roads, in the development of soils from categories 1 to 4, in the construction of railways, airfields, land reclamation and hydraulic engineering.

The features of this model of construction equipment include the performance of basic functions by a working unit, which is a blade with a knife. This unit is powered by a diesel engine; it can rise, fall, and rotate. The DZ 98 motor grader in this version is distinguished by maneuverability and can change the angle of the blade and move the blade to the side.

DZ 98 is successfully used in difficult road conditions and heavy earthworks.

If the conditions of road work are difficult, such work is carried out in difficult climatic and relief zones - the DZ-98V, equipped with a mechanical transmission and a fairly powerful engine, as well as a large set of working equipment, is the only correct solution in your choice for such work conditions.

The DZ 98 is produced in two modifications, equipped for use in certain climatic conditions:

• Standard model (average climatic latitude with temperatures from -45 +45 degrees);
• Tropical model (for work in the tropics).

The advantages include:

• Multi-disc wheel brakes operate in a special oil bath, are reliable, and do not require adjustment during long-term use.
• Front drive axle , which functionally provides high cross-country ability, greater traction on the blade, the most complete use of the vehicle's adhesion mass, and stability.
• Installation of a manual transmission , which allows you to change gears using friction clutches.
• Adjustable steering box , improving grader control;
• Partial rotation blade, when used, makes it possible to regulate the traction force;
• Possibility of using a FOPS-ROPS cabin, Konvekta air conditioning, Grammer seats.

Technical characteristics of DZ-98

Below are the main technical characteristics of the modern version of the motor grader.

Features of the model are a controlled drive axle, the ability to install a manual transmission with a gear shift function. The steering box is adjustable. The number of gears both when moving forward and in reverse is the same - six.

The minimum turning radius (the value given for cases of movement on a dry concrete surface) is 18 m. The slope of holding the motor grader with the parking brake is at least 20%.

Purpose of the equipment

The DZ-98 grader is designed to form a site profile. Can be used on soils of different densities. Features a wide range of operating temperatures: from -45 to +40°C. There is a tropical option.

The purpose of the motor grader DZ-98

Motor grader DZ-98 is used:

Motor grader DZ-98 at work

• in construction;
• in repair work;
• for the formation of embankments;
• when preparing the road base;
• for profiling areas;
• when loosening rock and old coating;
• for removing snow and debris.

About the manufacturer

The first grader DZ 98 rolled off the assembly line in 1972. Its production was mastered at the Chelyabinsk Road Machine Plant named after. Kolyushchenko, now Chelyabinsk road construction machines ChSDM. This is one of the oldest machine-building plants in the country. This year the company celebrates its 130th anniversary. During the Second World War, equipment for the front was produced and repaired here, in particular the famous BM 13 Katyusha multiple rocket launchers.

Currently, the plant is part of the United Machine-Building Company and produces front-end loaders and heavy motor graders. The restructuring and modernization of production carried out in 2022 made it possible to improve quality and reduce the defect rate. ChSDM also repairs and restores previously produced machines, helping to save money and increase the efficiency of old equipment.

ENGINE

The main ones for the DZ 98 grader are two diesel power plants: YaMZ-238ND2 and Cummins M-11C265.

The basic version is equipped with a YaMZ-238ND2 unit with turbocharging and a starting system using a starter.

Parameters of the YaMZ-238ND2 engine:

• power – 173 (240) kW (hp);
• estimated crankshaft rotation speed – 1700 rpm;
• number of cylinders – 8;
• environmental class - Euro-1.

The Cummins M-11C265 engine is more reliable and has a similar design.

Parameters of the Cummins M-11C265 unit:

• power – 202 (275) kW (hp);
• estimated crankshaft rotation speed – 1700 rpm;
• specific fuel consumption – 220 (162) g/kW per hour (g/hp per hour);
• environmental class - Euro-1.

The motor grader is equipped with a fuel tank with a capacity of 485 liters.

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Advantages and disadvantages of the DZ-98 motor grader

The heavy grader DZ 98 has been produced for 50 years. During this time, the designers made numerous improvements and eliminated shortcomings, extending the life of the road car. Thanks to this, the technology still remains in demand.

Among the large number of reviews on the motor grader, many note among the advantages of the machine:

• directional stability during operation;
• good traction on the blade;
• high reliability;
• ease of management and maintenance;
• high maintainability;
• great resource;
• possibility of operation in the Far North (with winter package);
• affordable price.

Among the shortcomings are the weak seal of the cabin, large gaps in the gear ratios of the manual transmission due to power failures, and the front axle requiring increased attention. Although the latter is more of a design feature.

Transmission

A mechanical device that transmits torque to three axles allows the cardan of the first axle to be disconnected.

The purpose and design, as well as the technical characteristics of the DZ-180 motor grader can be found in the review prepared for you.

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The drive to the middle and rear axles is carried out through intermediate cardan shafts from a single-row transfer gearbox with a belt-type parking brake device.

The gearbox, clutch mechanism, and gear units driving hydraulic pumps are combined in a single unit and have a common lubrication system.

The gearbox with a multiplier mechanism provides 6 torque settings forward and backward.

The clutch is dry with two discs and has a hydraulic release servo.

Cabin

It has a high glass area, which increases the driver-operator's visibility. Ergonomics and comfort are ensured by an adjustable steering column and a comfortable seat. The option of additional installation of an air conditioner is possible. The cab is equipped with a ROPS rollover protection system and a FOPS operator protection system. The cabin can, as a separate module, be quickly mounted or dismantled. To increase operator comfort and work productivity, additional equipment is installed. It includes: 1. An automatic terrain leveling system, which allows you to level the working area as accurately as possible. 2. A system for suppressing vibrations of the blade when it enters the ground. 3. Installation of servo control for all motor grader systems. 4. Availability of heating systems for rear-view mirrors, operator's seat, and fuel system cleaning filter. This is important when working in cold climates.

Cabin of grader DZ 98

What does it come with?

Attachments have been developed for the motor grader , which allows you to perform work of varying degrees of complexity. It is installed on the head of the main frame and includes:

• equipment for loosening soils and road surfaces;
• equipment for laying tracks;
• equipment for bulldozer work;
• equipment for snow removal;
• picker operator

Equipment for laying tracks includes a blade and two wings, which are attached to it on hinges. They are raised and lowered using hydraulic cylinders. Depending on the degree of exit of the cylinder rod, the wings are in a track-laying or bulldozer state. They can have a right or left grader position. Equipment for loosening soils includes a ripper with a suspension. The ripper has a beam shape with five teeth. A blade is used for snow removal work. Cone-shaped makes it possible to move snow to one side at low speed. When driving speed increases, the snow is thrown to the side up to 20 meters, which guarantees the absence of snow accumulations along the road. Bulldozer equipment is used to move rocks and fill ditches. It includes a blade, push frame suspension and hydraulic cylinders. To work with frozen soil and category 3-4 soils, they are loosened. The picker is used for crushing category 4 soils, destroying waste road surfaces and frozen soil.

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Attachments for motor grader ChSDM DZ-98

Side blade for motor grader DZ-98V

The side blade for the DZ-98V motor grader is an additional equipment and is installed on the traction frame of the motor grader. The side blade is designed to perform work on removing snow from roadsides, slopes and behind road fences. In summer it can be used for grading light materials including gravel, etc.

The design of the equipment allows you to work simultaneously with the side and main blades of the motor grader.

Bulldozer equipment for DZ-98

A bulldozer blade having a curved surface, placed in front of the front wheels and intended for raking and pushing soil in a forward direction, creating a trough in the soil bed under the base of the road.

Track-laying equipment for DZ-98

Track-laying equipment is a structure placed in front of the front wheels of a motor grader and designed to move soil and snow laterally through plowing action.

Ripping equipment for DZ-98

Ripping equipment is additional equipment consisting of a frame connected by means of mounting brackets to the rear part of the motor grader (A-120), or in front of the front wheels (DZ-98) and designed for introducing and loosening to a shallow depth such materials as soil, asphalt, gravel and similar road surfaces.

Snow removal equipment for DZ-98

A snow plow installed in front and designed to clear roads and areas from snow drifts.

Ease of operation and maintenance

The design of the DZ 98 motor grader provides easy access to the main service points. Under the hood there is an engine compartment, a muffler and a fuel filter. The one-piece hinged hood eliminates the appearance of a large amount of noise and vibration during operation.

The front axle can be connected and disconnected, which guarantees economy in various operating conditions.

The main indicators of the car include:

Maintenance of the DZ 98 motor grader is carried out in accordance with the intervals established in the passport.

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General characteristics

The DZ-98 motor grader is a self-propelled machine with all-wheel drive. The manufacturer specifies the wheel arrangement for the axles - 1x3x3, which means one steering and three drive ones out of three installed. However, most people are more familiar with the car designation. According to it, the wheel formula of the DZ 98 will be 6x6.

The technical characteristics of the DZ 98 motor grader differ depending on the configuration. In addition, they can change over time. Therefore, we note the main parameters.

YaMZ 236 HE2 diesel engines with a power of 230 hp can be used as a power plant. with hydromechanical transmission or YaMZ 238 ND3 with 235 hp. paired with a manual transmission. Depending on the configuration, the maximum speed is forward – from 35.4 to 41 km/h, reverse – from 24.5 to 48.5 km/h, respectively. Upon request, you can install a Cummins engine.

As standard, the equipment is equipped with two blades - front and middle. The grader (middle) blade can be fully rotating, i.e. rotate along two axes - vertical and horizontal. In addition, it can extend to the right or left of the central axis. All this allows you to work not only on flat areas, but also to level roadsides and slopes.

Some models can be equipped with a front pick instead of a blade. In addition, a rear trident ripper is an option on all machines.

Frame features, dimensions

The supporting frame of the grader is a welded frame consisting of two different parts. The rear one is a platform of two side members on which the operator’s cabin is installed, axles are attached, the engine and hydraulic system are installed.

The front frame is an external curved pipe on which the rotary and front blades and steering axle are located. It is the outer part of the grader frame that bears the main loads during operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is reinforced for bending and twisting.

Overall dimensions of the machine:

• length – 9.8 m;
• width (along the sidewalls of the wheels) – 3.2 m;
• height - 4 m;
• turning radius – 18 m;
• minimum clearance under the middle blade - 350 mm

Exactly how much the DZ 98 grader weighs depends on the modification and attachments. The operating weight with manual transmission ranges from 19.6 to 24.3 tons, the version with GST is 600 kg lighter.

Gearbox and chassis

DZ 98 graders are equipped with two types of gearboxes - mechanical and hydromechanical with six forward gears. Reverse gears are 6 and 3 respectively. GTS providing better distribution of traction force and smooth operation.

The drive is permanent all-wheel drive, with the possibility of forced disengagement of the front axle. The clutch is double-disc dry, with hydraulic release. Bridge gearboxes are single-stage, cylindrical.

For the rear and middle axles, a counterbalanced reaction suspension is used, due to which the mobility of the unit in the vertical plane is achieved. For the front axle, a hinged version of the suspension is used, thanks to which it can move in the transverse plane.

Cabin

The all-metal, hexagonal-shaped cabin of the motor grader has good visibility and provides comfortable working conditions at temperatures from – 15 C to + 30 C. If necessary, an air conditioner or winter package can be installed. Hood configuration technology, which facilitates access to the engine compartment and transmission.

Compared to previous models, the DZ 98V has improved not only the frame, but also the ergonomics of the driver's seat. Options include:

• Rear View Camera;
• radio;
• heated mirrors and seats;
• driver's seat air suspension;
• additional flashing beacons and four-way lighting for work at night and in difficult weather conditions.

Power unit

The machine is equipped with four-stroke diesel engines, V-shaped, eight-cylinder YaMZ-8482, YaMZ-238NDZ, YaMZ-238ND2 and twelve-cylinder YaMZ-240G.

Some models are equipped with a single-row six-cylinder unit U1D6-TK-S5 from the Ural Motor Plant or a Cummins M-11C265 engine produced by the company of the same name from the USA.

Photo: U1D6-TK-S5 engine

Free access to the engine and systems is provided by the hood casing. The air cleaning device and exhaust muffling system are located in the space under the hood.

The basic configuration is equipped with a YaMZ-238ND2 diesel engine with direct fuel injection and equipped with a turbocharging system. The power unit uses 0.15 kg of fuel to process a cubic meter of rock with a grader.

Application

Thanks to its high power and performance, the machine can work both in road and municipal construction, in irrigation and land reclamation systems. The equipment allows you to use the grader for loosening and developing soils from the first to fourth classes. The equipment is actively used in the construction of airfields and for carrying out laborious work of the highest complexity.

Advantages:

• Selecting a gearbox with a friction clutch operating mode.
• Optional installation of transmission hydromechanical units is possible.
• All-wheel drive axles ensures the use of the machine on soft ground, high traction on the moldboard, and preservation of direction when forming road ditches.
• The part-rotating blade allows adjustment of the unit's traction force, adjusting the amount of material capture across the width without changing the vertical cutting parameter. Due to this, the number of passes is reduced, and the quality indicators of surface profiling increase.
• Multi-disc wheel brakes do not require adjustment, are durable and reliable.
• The steering column and operator's seat are adjustable, increasing driving comfort.

Supplies

The geography of supplies of the SDM-25 grader covers the whole of Russia and neighboring countries. Delivery is carried out by rail or by road transport of the SpetsDorMash company, which reduces the delivery time and saves the Customer’s money.

The production capacity of the enterprise currently allows the production of three cars per month. The full assembly cycle of one machine is 1 month. As a rule, the delivery time does not exceed one month. Loading is carried out into a regular 13-meter semi-trailer under a curtain in overall dimensions.

Control

The motor grader is controlled from an all-metal cabin. Control devices are located on a panel under the roof. The sprung seat and steering column are adjustable to suit the operator's height.

The cabin is equipped with ventilation and heating devices. All-round glazing and lighting fixtures provide sufficient visibility of the grading area.

The gearbox is switched by a lever, the front wheels and actuators are controlled by hydraulics, and the wheel brakes are controlled by pneumatics.

Chassis

A DZ 98 motor grader gearbox with 6 stages in both directions is installed as standard, which allows you to quickly and efficiently cope with the assigned tasks. When working in difficult conditions, the manufacturer recommends using a mechanical transmission, which allows you to create a power reserve and increase efficiency. The car can move forward at a speed of 41 km/h, backward – 47 km/h. The gearbox is equipped with all-wheel drive or only on the rear axle.

The transmission includes:

• intermediate cardan speeds on the axes;
• “handbrake” tape;
• transfer gearbox for driving two axles with a handbrake;
• dry 2-disc closed-type clutch with hydraulic servo drive and brake mechanism;
• 1-row gearbox for driving hydraulic pumps with an elastic coupling.

The chassis of the DZ 98 motor grader with a 1x3x3 drive is installed on three drive axles. The front axle is controlled by the steering wheel. The main gear is represented by a conical 1-stage unit. The chassis does not include differentials, and the axle shafts are mounted in an unloaded type. The brake units are multi-disc, they operate in oil, and are made of metal and ceramics. To increase efficiency and traction characteristics, the use of cylindrical 1-stage side gearboxes is provided.

The suspensions of a pair of axles are made with balancers in the form of rods, and the counterweight is a hinge on the front axle. They are designed to pump in different directions. The “handbrake” is capable of holding the car on a base slope of up to 15 degrees.

The gearbox of the DZ 98 motor grader allows you to develop quite a high speed, and to completely stop it will take 15 m if you are moving at 30 km/h.

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Motor grader control process

Systems and mechanisms are controlled by:

Gearbox control mechanism DZ-98

• mechanically - gearbox, parking brake, front axle, reverse, multiplier;
• mechanically with hydroserving - clutch;
• hydraulically - by turning the front wheels, using attachments;
• pneumatically - with wheel brakes.

Hydraulic system

Control of attachments, clutch, as well as maneuvering and movement of the grader is carried out using an advanced hydraulic system with a total capacity of 120 liters (as standard). Hydraulic cylinders are responsible for moving the frame elements in a vertical plane, and with the help of a hydraulic motor (can be installed optionally) the rotating mechanism of the blade operates.

Powerful hydraulic cylinders with a rod diameter of 100-160 mm are used to control all the main components of the heavyweight. The cylinders used here are:

• power steering;
• side blade;
• movement of the blade in the vertical plane;
• movement of the blade in the horizontal plane;
• front blade control;
• frame extension, etc.

Different modifications of the DZ-98 can use excellent components for the hydraulic system. Since some parts are no longer produced in domestic factories, they are delivered from China.

Working and replacement equipment

The set of actuators includes:

• rotary bulldozer blade;
• grader blade, side;
• loosening device;
• pick device;
• devices for working with snow;
• track laying mechanisms.

The technical characteristics of the attachments are as follows:

Dimensions DZ-98

Application benefits

• Selecting a gearbox with a friction clutch operating mode.
• Optional installation of transmission hydromechanical units is possible.
• All-wheel drive axles ensures the use of the machine on soft ground, high traction on the moldboard, and preservation of direction when forming road ditches.
• The part-rotating blade allows adjustment of the unit's traction force, adjusting the amount of material capture across the width without changing the vertical cutting parameter. Due to this, the number of passes is reduced, and the quality indicators of surface profiling increase.
• Multi-disc wheel brakes do not require adjustment, are durable and reliable.
• The steering column and operator's seat are adjustable, increasing driving comfort.