"Belarus" MTZ-1021: characteristics, features, nuances of operation

The universal tractor model MTZ-1021 is designed to carry out various types of agricultural and municipal work using mounted, semi-mounted and trailed equipment. The design uses a reinforced rear axle from version 1221 and a beam-type front axle. There are tractors on the market manufactured in Minsk, as well as at assembly plants in Russia (Saransk, Elabuga, Smolensk).

Purpose

The original design of the chassis allows the high-torque vehicle to confidently handle any soil, except wetlands.

The following was installed on the universal tractor:

• powerful engine;
• enlarged wheels;
• four-wheel drive.

The rowing machine is used:

• when cultivating farmland soil;
• when sowing crops;
• when mowing grass.

In addition to the agricultural sector, self-propelled equipment is used:

• when laying roads;
• in construction;
• in public utilities.

Design

Minsk machine builders remained true to their traditions and created the tractor according to the standard layout inherent in all models assembled at the Minsk Tractor Plant.

The main components of the car are the engine and transmission. MTZ-1021 also received:

• more durable power transmission;
• a reliable gearbox capable of transmitting increased torque from the internal combustion engine to the wheels.

Placement of nodes, appearance

• The power unit is located in the front of the tractor.
• This is followed by the coupling, gearbox, and main gear.
• The engine is covered by a hood, which is dominated by strict, straight shapes. The shelter opens forward on hinges, providing access to the motor and peripheral equipment.
• The operator's cabin was installed directly above the transmission.

In this series, the working space for the operator has been somewhat expanded.

Support mechanisms

Models produced for operation in severe frost conditions are equipped with a starting aid system. It provides for the injection of a flammable liquid into the intake tract.

For the convenience of the operator, a heater and air conditioner were installed in the cab. The design has a removable roof to improve air circulation in the cabin.

At the customer's request, the tractor is equipped with additional mechanisms:

• creeper;
• rear wheel weights;
• two-line pneumatic drive of trailer brakes;
• front wheel weights.

The 1021 series tractor has one of the shortest payback periods among its peers.

Technical characteristics of MTZ-1021

The Belarus 1021 tractor belongs to the 2 t traction class and has overall dimensions:

• length - 4105 mm;
• width - 2250 mm;
• height - 2840 mm.

For the tractor, it is possible to use a long or short front wheel beam. Both options allow you to stepwise adjust the track within:

• 1415-2000 mm (short beam);
• 1535-2120 mm (long beam).

The adjustment is performed by changing the relative position of the wheel rim and the support.

It is possible to adjust the rear wheel track, which is done by smoothly moving the hubs along the guide elements on the axle shafts. Depending on the type of tire, the track is adjustable from 1450 to 2440 mm. To improve cross-country ability, the factory recommends installing dual wheels.

Design

To stop the tractor, several types of working brake mechanisms are used:

• standard - dry circuits, equipped with 3 disks;
• on request - consist of 8 discs installed in a crankcase with oil.

The brakes act on the rear wheels and are operated by the pedal. The pedal is connected to a servo drive, which controls the brake pads using rods. The front wheels are not equipped with brake mechanisms. When stopping, the parking brake is applied to the rear wheels. The standard brake has a dry design with a single disc. Upon request, the tractor is equipped with a wet-type parking brake (4 discs in an oil bath).

When using a trailer equipped with an air brake circuit, the standard air system is used. The source of compressed air is a compressor mounted on the engine crankcase and receivers on the frame. The compressor has 1 cylinder and is cooled by an air flow from a fan on the radiator.

To drive the mechanisms for raising and lowering attachments, a mounted hydraulic system with a spool valve is used. The pressure is generated by a gear oil pump located on the engine.

Layout and ergonomics

The tractor uses a classic layout - the engine located at the front is connected to a massive gearbox housing. The design has increased rigidity and acts as the power frame of the machine. At the back of the box there are output shafts on which large diameter wheels are mounted. A closed single-seat operator's cabin is installed above the wheels. The cabin is equipped with ventilation and heating systems for forced air, as well as an instrument cluster with indicators for emergency operation of components.

The tractor is equipped with hydrostatic steering with an actuator cylinder installed in the steering linkage. The working pressure in the hydraulic system is 14 atmospheres and is created by a separate gear pump. The steering column is equipped with stepwise adjustment for tilt and smooth adjustment for length.

The range of settings is sufficient for comfortable control by operators of any height and weight.

A separate subframe is installed under the engine, which houses the front axle and allows the installation of front attachments and hydraulic cylinders. The engine and attachments are covered with a removable hood with rectangular shapes. The shape of the lining has been changed compared to previous models, which has improved the visibility of the front working area of ​​the tractor.

Engine and transmission

The model 1021 tractor is equipped with a four-cylinder 105-horsepower diesel engine with a D-245 turbocharger. At the customer's request, a diesel model 245C is used, equipped with a fuel pump of a different model. The engine develops a power of 107 hp. With. and meets Stage I emission standards. Both types of diesel engines have the same cylinder volume of 4.75 liters and are equipped with a liquid cooling system with forced refrigerant supply by a pump.

The tractor uses a manual transmission with manual control. The box has 7 forward gears and 2 reverse gears. The same crankcase with the gearbox houses a multiplier with 2 gears - direct and accelerating. Due to the joint operation of the components, 14 forward speeds and 4 reverse speeds are provided.

On request, the box is equipped with a low gear (speed reducer) with a mechanical or hydraulic drive. Speed ​​reducers allow you to perform a stepless change in speed from a standing start to 4 km/h.

The front drive axle beam of the tractor has increased rigidity. Improved performance was achieved by introducing cast bridge stockings. The wheel hubs contain planetary gearboxes with additional spur gears. The front axle is equipped with a self-locking differential. To drive the axle, a transfer case and a pair of cardan shafts with additional support are used. The axle activation is controlled by the operator using a lever installed in the cab.

The rear axle is equipped with similar gearboxes, as well as axle shafts and a crankcase with increased strength. The bridge design has a locking differential. The locking is controlled using a friction clutch mechanism. The mechanism is controlled electrohydraulically; a forced blocking mode is possible.

Device parameters

• MTZ-1021 is equipped with hydrostatic steering.
• The executive body is a hydraulic cylinder mounted in the steering linkage.
• The pressure in the oil line is maintained by a gear pump within 1.4 MPa.

For the convenience of the operator, the steering column was made adjustable:

• in the vertical plane it moves discretely;
• Reach is adjusted smoothly.

Table No. 1. Technical characteristics of MTZ-1021

Power unit

The tractor is equipped with an in-line four-cylinder engine MMZ-245 with a volume of 4.75 liters. Its design includes:

• electronic Common Rail fuel injection control system;
• turbocharging;
• intermediate cooling of the blown air;
• catalytic neutralization.

The electronically controlled turbocharged engine complies with Stage 0 emission standards.

Upon special order, the model will be equipped with the MMZ-245S diesel engine:

• a fuel pump of a different design is installed on it;
• The engine itself meets the more stringent Stage 1 environmental requirements.

Fuel consumption

• According to the operating manual, the standard MMZ-245 diesel engine has a fuel consumption of 236-239 grams of fuel for each kWh of operation.
• The upgraded MMZ-245S motor consumes slightly more - 244-249 g/kWh.

These figures are quite modest for this class of power units. Manufacturers have achieved cost reduction:

• through the use of a turbine;
• intermediate air cooling.

Transmission

As standard, the device is equipped with a mechanical synchronized gearbox with manual control, which has:

• 7 forward speeds;
• 2 - back.

The gearbox housing contains a multiplier that doubles the number of gears. Working together, the nodes produce 14 and 4 speeds, respectively.

Upon special request, the tractor can be equipped with a mechanical or hydromechanical creeper, designed to achieve low operating speeds.

Torque from the engine is transmitted to the input shaft of the gearbox through a dry single-plate clutch.

The rear axle is equipped with a differential locking mechanism and has several gears:

• the main one is a pair of bevel gears with a circular tooth;
• side - cylindrical gears;
• the final ones are planetary.

The front drive axle has gears similar to the rear one. It receives rotation from a transfer case operating in three modes:

• turned off;
• included;
• auto.

The nature of the drive operation is selected by the operator by switching the appropriate lever.

Peculiarities

— designed for work on unstable soils; - wider dimensions; — maximum track on the rear wheels is 2400 mm; — front drive axle with planetary spur gearboxes, increased load-bearing capacity;

— reinforced ZLL; — synchronized gearbox;

• Specifications
• Execution options

Engine:

Transmission:

Dimensions and weight:

Hydraulic suspension system:

Universal, separate-modular with a hydraulic lift providing power, position, mixed and height control.

Brakes:

Working and parking disc, dry. The trailer brake drive is pneumatic, interlocked with the tractor brake control.

Steering:

Hydrovolumetric. Hydraulic cylinder in the steering linkage (pump - dispenser)

Front drive axle:

Portal type, with planetary-helical gearboxes, with a self-locking differential, with three operating modes: on, forced on, switched on automatically when the rear wheels slip.

Electrical equipment:

1150 W generator with rectified voltage 14 V, starting system with 24 V starter.

Cabin:

Comfortable, with filtered air supplied by fans, with a heating system, with opening side windows, rear window and sunroof, with electric windshield wipers and front window washer

Equipment:

Working lights. Three pairs of hydraulic system leads. Height-adjustable fork (TSU-3) for trailers. Spare parts

By order:

Air conditioning (SPLIT system with underhood condenser, SPLIT system with roof condenser unit KB-3). Front and rear ballast weights. Twinning kit (spacers and wheels). Engine preheater. Hitch SA-1 (Angle)

Advantages and disadvantages

"Belarus" 1021 is noticeable against the background of devices belonging to the 100-110 hp class of equipment. It combines:

• reasonable price;
• operating parameters;
• efficiency.

Machine operators consider the following parameters to be the main advantages of the tractor.

1. Unification of MTZ-1021 with other models. Interchangeability and availability of spare parts speed up the repair or replacement of a faulty unit.
2. Thoughtful design. The developers took into account the shortcomings of previous models, as well as the wishes and comments of people working with this technology.
3. Additional equipment. When ordering equipment, the buyer will be offered not only a basic platform, but also a number of options that make it easier to operate the machine or expand its capabilities.

However, it is impossible to make an ideal car, and Belarus still has disadvantages.

1. The engine malfunctions when refueling with low-quality fuel.
2. High pressure hoses quickly lose their tightness.
3. Low disc clutch life.
4. Unpressurized cabin.

Analogs

A close analogue of the 1021 model is the Minsk plant MTZ-1025 tractor, equipped with a more powerful engine (110 hp). A good alternative option would be the Belarus 82 model (equipped with a gearbox without synchronizers).

Imported equipment is equipped with efficient electronically controlled hydraulics, a microclimate system and a more comfortable cabin. But the cost of such cars is almost 2 times higher than Belarusian ones.

Analogs, price

MTZ-1021 is intended for use in farms and municipal enterprises that are ready to pay 1.6-2 million rubles for a new tractor.

The amount will depend:

• from the dealer;
• additional options;
• set of attachments.

The device will cost the buyer about half as much. An analogue of the MTZ-1021 can be the MTZ-1025 with increased engine power - up to 110 hp.

Foreign models of this class will be more expensive and also more difficult to operate and repair. Minsk machine builders tried to make a practical tractor for working in the field or on a construction site.

The device has won respect from owners and machine operators.

Advantages and disadvantages of the model

Equipment owners note the positive aspects of the tractor:

• the interchangeability of a number of parts with previous MTZ models has been preserved;
• the ability to perform independent repairs, including in the field;
• the layout provides easy access to the engine and transmission units;
• the presence of a pneumatic system allows the tractor to be used to work with trailed machines with air circuits;
• it is possible to install dual wheels on the front and rear axles;
• the safety margin of transmission units allows you to work with overload;
• the ability to increase the degree of boost and engine power to 120-122 horsepower.

The MTZ-1021 tractor has a number of disadvantages:

• diesel with a turbocharger is sensitive to low quality fuel;
• low service life and violation of the tightness of the hoses at the joints of the rubber part and the mounting fitting;
• early releases used a single-plate MTZ clutch, which rarely lasts more than one season;
• The cabin lets dust in and there is no air conditioning system.