The Ukrainian auto industry is alive: Etalon Corporation showed a new bus

Intercity bus A08116. Photo BAZ

Buses of their own design and production are sold by a large number of enterprises from different countries. European buses are of particular interest to potential buyers and high customer demand. The leading enterprises in Ukraine are the Bogdan Corporation and the Boryspil Automobile Plant. This article is dedicated to the plant from the Boryspil region and the line of equipment of the Etalon trademark.

About the manufacturer, country – Ukraine and not only

Suburban bus Prolisok A079.52-30. Photo BAZ

Boryspil Automobile Plant (abbreviated as BAZ) is an enterprise located in the urban village of Proliski, Boryspil district, Kyiv region. Created in 2002 on the basis of a previously existing enterprise, it initially specialized in the assembly of GAZ cars and trucks. In the same year, cooperation began with the Indian company Tata Motors . The company's production facilities have been repurposed for the assembly of TATA trucks for the Ukrainian market.

In the spring of 2002, the first factory-assembled bus, BAZ A079, developed on a TATA chassis, was presented. During assembly, components of Ukrainian and Indian production were used . By the end of the year, serial production of buses was launched. Gradually, production volumes increased, new models of various types, special and general purposes, appeared in the line of equipment. Thus, as of the summer of 2022, the company’s website provides information on a wide range of passenger equipment.

Reviews, pros and cons

As positive characteristics of Etalon buses, which are noted by various categories of customers, it is possible to list:

• affordable price;
• roomy, spacious and comfortable interior;
• lowered floor position, allowing for the transportation of passengers with disabilities;
• expressive modern design;
• compliance with current environmental standards;
• comfortable passenger seats;
• efficient ventilation and heating systems;
• ergonomic driver's workplace, high level of visibility, informative and clear instrument panel, convenient access to
• governing bodies;
• variety of modifications.

On the Internet it is possible to find a fairly significant number of negative reviews about buses of the Ukrainian manufacturer, but most of the opinions are characteristic of models of previous years, which are no longer produced.

A 079.14

A-079 “Etalon” bus is produced in several versions - city, suburban, intercity, tourist.

The high performance properties of the A079 bus are ensured by the use of a monoblock body with a spacious interior, comfortable seats and soft suspension. Optimal overall dimensions and excellent visibility for the driver give the bus high maneuverability and guarantee safety for passengers. Thanks to a 130-horsepower diesel engine, the bus reaches speeds of up to 100 km/h when fully loaded.

At the request of customers, various configuration options for the Etalon bus are possible in terms of placement and type of seats, doors, upholstery, and other accessories.

Technical characteristics of the city bus A079.14

Bus type : city

Body type - frame, with front engine placement

Chassis – TATA LP-613/38 BUS

Passenger capacity : three-row interior layout: - total - 40 - incl. seating positions - 19 four-row interior layout: - total - 38 - incl. seating – 22

Overall dimensions , mm: - length - 7150 - width - 2260 - height - 2888

Wheelbase , mm: 3800

Wheel track , mm: - front - 1660 - rear - 1577

Tires - 215/75 R17.5

Weight of the equipped bus , kg: — 4750

Total design weight , kg: - 7730

Maximum axle loads , kg: - front axle: 2690 - rear axle group: 7230

Engine : model, type - diesel, TATA 697 TC55L EURO II number and arrangement of cylinders - 6-row displacement, l - 5.675 maximum power, kW (hp) - 101.5 (138) maximum torque, Nm - 416 cooling system - liquid

Fuel consumption at a speed of 60 km/h - 15.0 at a speed of 80 km/h - 18.0

Gearbox - manual, 5-speed

Suspension : front: dependent, spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs with double-acting telescopic shock absorbers and anti-roll bar; rear: dependent, spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs and anti-roll bar. supporting axle: dependent, pneumatic with 2-way telescopic shock absorbers

Steering - with hydraulic booster

Brake system : working - pneumatic, dual-circuit, with ABS parking - with spring energy accumulators

Passenger doors - single-leaf with pneumatic drive

Heating system - autonomous from Webasto liquid heater

Maximum speed , km/h - 90

The lineup

, an extensive list of passenger vehicles was produced under the Etalon brand , differing in purpose, capacity, overall dimensions, and other characteristics. The company provided various modifications of the popular model Etalon A079, some of which are still sold to this day through the manufacturer’s website. But now they have different names, although the inscription “Standard” is present on the bumper.

Tourist bus Malva A079.53. Photo BAZ

Model A079, as well as a bus for transporting schoolchildren 08116Ш, are presented in detail in the second half of the article. Therefore, more modern Etalon models that meet the Euro-5 standard are considered below. There are only three of these in the line: city buses powered by diesel and methane, intercity model 08116. In addition, the plant provides other types of equipment. Popular models of other bus lines are discussed in a separate publication.

Purpose

At different times, the manufacturer’s model range included vehicles for various purposes: urban, suburban, intercity, tourist, special, in particular, school. As of the summer of 2022, the website of a Ukrainian enterprise provides information only about Etalon urban models. These buses fully comply with all European standards and provide a good level of comfort. The lowered floor level facilitates convenient and efficient boarding/disembarking of passengers.

Weight

By “weight” we mean the curb and gross weight of the model. The average figure for buses currently produced is 6800-6900 when equipped, the total structural weight is 11000 kg.

City diesel bus STANDARD A08128. Photo BAZ

Fuel consumption

Fuel efficiency is an important advantage of equipment , which is highly valued by owners of any category. Diesel and gas consumption in modern models is not indicated by the manufacturer. Fuel consumption of the popular A079 model varied from 15 to 22 liters per 100 km.

Dimensions: length and others

Urban models operating on diesel and gas belong to the middle class equipment, the intercity version - to the small class. Their length does not exceed 10,000 and 8,000 mm. respectively and is 9440 and 8000. The width is 2342 or 2345 mm. The height of a city gas bus differs to a greater extent due to the compartment for methane cylinders located on the roof; it is 3300 and 2900 mm. The height of the vehicle body for intercity routes is 2940 mm.

Gearboxes and other units

Etalon models are equipped with mechanical five- or six-speed gearboxes, engines made in India by Ashok Leyland , meeting the Euro-5 environmental standard, pneumatic dual-circuit braking systems with anti-lock function, power steering, dependent pneumatic front and rear suspensions. Electrical diagrams are not widely available.

City bus ETALON A08129 CNG. Photo BAZ

BAZ buses from Boryspil

The year 2003 was the year of birth of a new bus brand. A whole range of small class buses was rolled out to the public by the Boryspil Bus Plant (Ukraine). As befits an automobile plant located on the territory of the former USSR, the manufacturer’s designation in the bus index is “at AZ”, i.e. BAZ. True, this was once the name of the Bryansk Automobile Plant, but after its renaming to the Bryansk Wheel Tractor Plant (BZKT), the three-letter abbreviation turned out to be free. And since a holy place is never empty, a new BAZ bus was revealed to the world.

If you look thoroughly, the plant is located not in Boryspil itself, but in the urban-type village of Proliski (Podsnezhniki) in the Boryspil district. However, there is already a PAZ on the market, which is why it turned out to be. There have already been such precedents in history, just remember the Riga RAF bus plant, located in Jelgava near Riga. In real life, the abbreviation BAZ in relation to Ukrainian buses is hardly known to a wide range of people.

Each BAZ bus model has its own name, which is much easier to remember and easier to pronounce. So, get acquainted: Boryspil buses. The plant produces six basic models of buses: A 079 “Etalon”, BAZ-2215 “Dolphin”, BAZ-3201 and BAZ-3202 “Snowdrop”, BAZ-3203 “Edelweiss” and BAZ-3240 “Mustang”.

The design of the “Etalon” is most common for small-class buses operated in Russia. The TATA 697 diesel engine, produced under license from Mercedes-Benz, is located at the front, with the drive wheels at the rear. Transmission – 5-speed manual. The suspension of both axles is dependent, on semi-elliptic springs with shock absorbers. The braking system is pneumatic, dual-circuit, with a brake force regulator and spring energy accumulators.

Entrance to the carriage body is through two doors located in the base and rear overhang. The commuter version does not have a rear door. The doors are single-leaf, pivoting, with one transverse handrail installed at an angle. To enter the salon you have to climb two steps, so the door handrail comes in handy. There is an additional vertical handrail on the left side of the doorway.

Depending on the configuration, soft, semi-rigid with fabric upholstery or semi-rigid anti-vandal seats can be installed in the cabin. The number of seats in the cabin can also vary; a maximum of 29 people can travel sitting. The total capacity of the Etalon is 46 passengers. The interior layout is three-row, with dual seats on the left. The small dimensions of the cabin determined the installation of two longitudinal upper handrails and the absence of additional vertical handrails; however, the handrails on the seats are equally comfortable for both seated and standing passengers.

The BAZ-3240 Mustang bus is equipped with an IVECO 8140.27 turbodiesel. The chassis layout is classic, with a front engine and a rear drive axle. The front axle suspension is torsion bar with shock absorbers, the rear axle is spring. Anti-roll bars are installed on both axles. Unlike the “Etalon”, the body of the “Mustang” has a half-hood layout. The location and number of doors have not changed, but entering the bus has become more convenient: you only need to climb one step. The design of the doors has also changed: the Mustang has folding double doors, while the handrail at the entrance is installed only in the front door. The interior layout and the type of seats installed are the same as those of the Etalon, only the capacity is different: the Mustang has 13 seats, and it can carry a maximum of 30 people.

The chassis of the BAZ-3201 and BAZ-3202 “Snowdrop” and BAZ-3203 “Edelweiss” buses is identical, they differ only in the wheelbase. The engine, gearbox and axles are similar to those installed on the Etalon. But the suspension of both axles is pneumatic, dependent with double-acting telescopic shock absorbers and a body lowering system at stops. The brakes are pneumatic, dual-circuit with a brake force regulator.

All three vehicles have a carriage-type monocoque body. Buses BAZ-3201 and BAZ-3202 are designed to operate on city routes. Both have pneumatically operated pivot doors located in the base. The BAZ-3201 buses have one double-leaf door, the BAZ-3202 buses have two single-leaf doors. The height of the floor above the road in the “Snowdrops” is similar to the height of the floor in the “Mustang” and is 500 mm; accordingly, there is only one step in the doorway.

Double seats are installed in the cabin on the left, single seats on the right, and only in the rear part of the body, behind the door. Naturally, like any rear-engine bus, along the rear wall above the engine compartment there is a row of seats across the entire width of the cabin. Two steps to access the rear of the cabin - a price for the lower floor level in the central part of the car. In addition to additional steps, the Snezhnikov salons have storage areas. For BAZ-3201 buses it is located in front of the door, for BAZ-3202 between the doors. The design of the handrails has been changed accordingly. There is an upper horizontal handrail on the left above the seats, and vertical ones on the right.

The BAZ-3203 “Edelweiss” bus, identical in chassis to the “Snowdrops”, is quite different in purpose. This is a small luxury bus, which is impossible to imagine on city routes. The main purpose of such machines abroad is to service hotels and airports. As a specialized “minibus taxi” with increased comfort, “Edelweiss” looks quite decent.

The entrance to the salon is through the front door, located in the base immediately behind the front axle. This door is sliding, like on large tourist buses. Despite the same body as the Snowdrop, the floor in the Edelweiss is raised higher (accordingly, a second step appeared at the entrance to the salon). This solution made it possible to equip a fairly large luggage compartment in the base of the car under the floor of the cabin. The comfort of the Edelweiss interior corresponds to that of a tourist bus.

Soft airplane-type seats with reclining backrests and armrests are installed in 3 rows: two on the left, one on the right. Luggage nets and folding ashtrays are located in the rear panels of the seats. Theoretically, folding tables can also be mounted on them (the stamping on the plastic casing of the backrest is clearly designed for this). The absence of folding footrests in small class buses is not fatal, but when traveling long distances they would not be superfluous.

The air conditioning and lighting system on the Edelweiss is the same as on its larger tourist counterparts. Above each row of seats there is a block with individual lighting lamps and rotating grilles for the air conditioning system. Additional luggage racks are located above the consoles of the individual lighting units. The air conditioner is installed on the roof of the bus at the rear. Upon request, the car can be equipped with a coffee maker and an audio system.

The smallest bus in the Boryspilsky series. The smallest, but the most interesting, at least for the Russian market. The fact is that it was created on the components and assemblies of the Gazelle, i.e., while retaining the Nizhny Novgorod chassis and “muzzle,” the Dolphin has a completely original body.

This bus is intended primarily to operate as a route taxi. There is also a “Schoolboy” option, from the name of which it is clear what it is intended for. If we compare the convenience of the body of the Dolphin and the Gazelle from the point of view of a minibus passenger, then the advantage is clearly on the side of the former.

Entrance to the bus interior is through a folding double-leaf door with an electric drive, which is controlled either by the driver or the conductor (down with the “Please do not slam the door” signs). The presence in the bus cabin of a special place for the conductor (and the presence of it) frees the driver from the nerve-wracking collection of money for travel (“this is not BeeLine, all incoming passengers are paid!”) and from the heart-rending screams of the passengers sitting behind “stop at the traffic light!!!” (down with another handwritten warning “the louder you say, the closer you will come out”).

The interior of the Dolphin is much more spacious than that of the Gazelle: with three rows of seats, two people can easily separate in the aisle between them.
The height of the ceiling in the cabin is such that it is difficult to reach it even with your hand, and you can only hit your head when jumping. In general, the ability to stand and walk without bending your head in a Gazelle class bus should be appreciated by minibus passengers. Of course, provided that the price of the Dolphin compared to the price of the Gazelle will not kill the operators outright. And the point here is not so much in the ambitions of the manufacturer, but in customs policy: the bus is Ukrainian... Brief characteristics of Boryspil BAZ buses

Model	A 079 “Etalon”	BAZ-2215 "Dolphin"	BAZ-3201 "Snowdrop"	BAZ-3202 "Snowdrop"	BAZ-3203 "Edelweiss"	BAZ-3240 "Mustang"
Engine	TATA 697	Andoria 4CT90	TATA 697	TATA 697	TATA 697	IVECO 8140.27
Power, kW (hp)	95,7 (130)	66 (90)	95,7 (130)	95,7 (130)	95,7 (130)	75,7 (103)
Number of seats:
– for sitting	29	15	15	15	18	13
– general	46	15	35	35	18	30
Curb weight, kg	4 750	2 520	4 630	4 840	5 300	3 220
Total weight, kg	7 730	3 850	7 200	7 500	7 200	5 620
Fuel consumption, l/100 km, at speed, km/h:
– 60	16	12,5	13	13,5	12,6
– 80	18	15,6	17	19	20 at 90 km/h	16
Dimensions, mm:
- length	7 150	5 680	6 520	6 820	7 290	6 150
- width	2 880	2 630	2 740	2 740	3 065	2 820
- height	2 240	2 070	2 220	2 220	2 220	2 125

Popular models

BAZ A079: seat map, for 28 passengers and more

BAZ A079 “Etalon” is a small-class bus for passenger transportation on urban, suburban and intercity routes. The bus was produced in 2002 - 2015 at the Boryspil Automobile Plant, located in the village. Proleski, Boryspil district, Kyiv region. Some of the buses were produced at Chernigov Automobile, built on the Indian TATA chassis, which is a licensed product of the Daimler concern, and is equipped with a diesel engine with a power of 130 hp.

History of creation

The first two production buses BAZ A079 rolled off the plant assembly line on October 1, 2002 , although the model itself was developed a little earlier by the designers of Ukravtobusprom OJSC. several samples were which differed from production cars in the profile of the body glazing, the shape of the bumpers, and the external rear-view mirrors. These buses had the emblem of JSC Ukravtobusprom on the hood. Due to the increasing demand for small class buses, production of BAZ A079 was launched at the Chernigov Automobile Plant in November 2005.

Bus BAZ A079. Photo Wikipedia

Since the beginning of 2006, BAZ A079 buses began to be equipped with an engine brought to Euro-2 standards , which led to a change in the modification index. At the same time, the bus received only minor changes - the first window of the cabin on the left was reduced in size, with an increase in the inter-window pillar between it and the driver's doors, and vertical air intake grilles appeared behind the last window on both sides. Since 2009, the entire range of buses produced can be equipped with engines that comply with Euro-3 standards. In 2012, the transition to Euro-4 engines began.

The adoption by Ukraine of Euro-5 environmental safety standards from January 1, 2016 forced the Etalon corporation to completely discontinue production of the BAZ A079 bus due to the inability to bring TATA engines to the required standards. On the assembly line it was replaced by a BAZ A081 bus on an Ashok Leyland chassis with Euro-5 engines.

In just 13 years of serial production, more than 12 thousand copies of the BAZ A079 “Etalon” of various modifications were produced, which became one of the most common bus models on the roads of Ukraine.

Description and device

The design of the “Etalon” is most common for small-class buses operated in Russia. The TATA 697 diesel engine, produced under license from Mercedes-Benz, is located at the front, with the drive wheels at the rear. Transmission – 5-speed manual . The suspension of both axles is dependent, on semi-elliptic springs with shock absorbers . The braking system is pneumatic, dual-circuit, with a brake force regulator and spring energy accumulators.

Tourist bus Malva A079.54. Photo BAZ

Entrance to the body of the carriage layout is through two doors located in the base and rear overhang . The commuter version does not have a rear door. The doors are single-leaf, pivoting , with one transverse handrail installed at an angle. To enter the salon you have to climb two steps, so the door handrail comes in handy. There is an additional vertical handrail on the left side of the doorway.

Depending on the configuration, soft, semi-rigid with fabric upholstery or semi-rigid anti-vandal seats can be installed . The number of seats in the cabin can also vary; a maximum of 29 people can travel sitting. The total capacity of the Etalon is 46 passengers. The interior layout is three-row , with dual seats on the left. The small dimensions of the cabin determined the installation of two longitudinal upper handrails and the absence of additional vertical handrails; however, the handrails on the seats are equally comfortable for both seated and standing passengers.

Modifications

During mass production, the bus engine was constantly refined to meet environmental standards. This was reflected in the designations of bus modifications. As a result, most bus modifications had engine variations. In the list below, for each modification, the first is the designation of a bus with an engine that meets Euro-1 standards (produced in 2002-2006), the second - with an engine of Euro-2 standard (produced in 2006-2012), the third - with a Euro-standard engine -3 (produced in 2009-2013), the fourth - with a Euro-4 engine (produced in 2012-2015).

• BAZ A079.03, BAZ A079.13, BAZ A079.31, BAZ A079.51 - suburban modification, equipped with a front door with a pneumatic drive and a rear manual emergency exit door. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof.
• BAZ A079.03Sh, BAZ A079.13Sh, BAZ A079.31Sh, BAZ A079.51Sh - school buses. Modification for transporting schoolchildren, equipped with flashing lights, a pneumatic front door and a rear manual emergency exit door. Buses are equipped with tachographs and speed limiters. The cabin is equipped with special child seats with seat belts and stands for briefcases. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof.
• BAZ A079.21Sh, BAZ A079.24Sh, BAZ A079.34Sh, BAZ A079.54Sh - school buses with an extended wheelbase. Modification for transporting schoolchildren, equipped with flashing lights, a pneumatic front door and a rear manual emergency exit door. Buses are equipped with tachographs and speed limiters. The cabin is equipped with special child seats with seat belts and stands for briefcases. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof.

City bus SNOWDRESS A079.52-10. Photo BAZ

• BAZ A079.45SH, BAZ A079.46SH, BAZ A079.56SH - a school bus with a seat for a student with limited mobility. Features an extended rear overhang. Both doors are pneumatically operated. The rear door has an additional flap that can be opened manually when the lift is operating. The cabin is equipped with child seats with seat belts and stands for briefcases, and a special seat for a schoolchild with limited mobility. There is space for a wheelchair in the rear area. The bus is equipped with flashing lights, a tachograph and a speed limiter. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. It was not produced in a version with a Euro-1 engine.
• BAZ A079.04, BAZ A079.14, BAZ A079.32, BAZ A079.52 - modifications for urban and suburban transportation, equipped with two doors with pneumatic drives. They have two layout options - 19 seats in the urban version (three-row layout) and 22 seats in the suburban version (four-row layout). There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. There is a version with two ventilation and evacuation hatches, intended for southern cities, as well as a version with tinted glass for internal affairs agencies. The most common bus modification.
• BAZ A079.07, BAZ A079.17, BAZ A079.27 - intercity modification with a front manual passenger door and a rear manual emergency exit door. Has an extended rear overhang and rear trunk. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. They have two layout options - 20 seats (three-row layout) and 24 seats (four-row layout). There are luggage racks above the seats in the cabin. It was not produced in a version with a Euro-4 engine.
• BAZ A079.09, BAZ A079.19, BAZ A079.29 - intercity modification, equipped with a front door with a pneumatic drive and a rear manual emergency exit door. Has an extended rear overhang and rear trunk. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. They have two layout options - 20 seats (three-row layout) and 24 seats (four-row layout). There are luggage racks above the seats in the cabin. It was not produced in a version with a Euro-4 engine.
• BAZ A079.20, BAZ A079.23, BAZ A079.33, BAZ A079.53 - a tourist bus with an extended wheelbase, a front manual passenger door and a rear manual emergency exit door. Has an extended rear overhang and rear trunk. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof. They have two layout options - 23 seats (three-row layout) and 28 seats (four-row layout). There are luggage racks above the seats in the cabin.
• BAZ A079.21, BAZ A079.24, BAZ A079.34, BAZ A079.54 - a tourist bus with an extended wheelbase, equipped with a pneumatic front door and a rear manual emergency exit door. Has an extended rear overhang and rear trunk. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof. They have two layout options - 23 seats (three-row layout) and 28 seats (four-row layout). There are luggage racks above the seats in the cabin. There is a version with tinted glass for internal affairs agencies.

Interior of the tourist bus Malva A079.53. Photo BAZ

• BAZ A079.24С is a special modification of the bus developed for law enforcement agencies. The cabin provides space for transporting weapons, uniforms and special equipment. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof. The windows are tinted. Produced only in a version with a Euro-2 engine.
• BAZ A079.22, BAZ A079.25, BAZ A079.35, BAZ A079.55 is a luxury intercity bus with an extended wheelbase, a pantograph-type front sliding automatic passenger door and a rear manual emergency exit door. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof. They have two layout options - 23 seats (three-row layout) and 28 seats (four-row layout). The interior upholstery of the “Lux” modification is fabric; a DVD player is also installed in the cabin and, as an option, air conditioning. The cabin has luggage racks and individual service panels above the seats.
• BAZ A079.30 (“Etalon City”) is a three-axle middle-class bus for urban transportation. The additional rear axle is movable, with single tires, equipped with brakes. Passenger capacity 64 people. Has two doors with pneumatic drives. There are two ventilation and evacuation hatches on the roof. The bus was built in a single copy in a version with a Euro-1 engine.
• BAZ A079.42 (“Standard L”) is a luxury class tourist bus. It features a modified exterior, glued tinted windows and a different front mask. Both doors are manual. The interior upholstery of the “Lux” modification is fabric; a DVD player and air conditioning are also installed in the cabin. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. The cabin has luggage racks and individual service panels above the seats. The bus was built in a single copy in a version with a Euro-1 engine.
• BAZ A079.45, BAZ A079.46, BAZ A079.56 - city bus equipped with a special lift for wheelchair users. Features an extended rear overhang. Both doors are pneumatically operated. The rear door has an additional flap that can be opened manually when the lift is operating. There is a special place for a wheelchair in the rear area of ​​the cabin. In this regard, the number of seats has been reduced to 15. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. It was not produced in a version with a Euro-1 engine.
• BAZ A079.48 is a modification for urban and suburban transportation, equipped with two doors with pneumatic drives, identical to the base model A079.52, but equipped with a gas engine and with an extended rear overhang. The bus was built in a single copy in a version with a Euro-4 gas engine.
• BAZ A079Sht (headquarters) - a bus in the mobile office version. It does not have a special index. It was built for the needs of the Etalon Corporation and remained at the plant. The layout of the interior is in the form of an office. There are sofas and a table. The bus is equipped with an electric generator, a shower cabin with a boiler, air conditioning, and a video system. The doors are manual. There is one ventilation and evacuation hatch on the roof. The bus was built in a single copy in a version with a Euro-1 engine.

Years of manufacture

2002-2015.

Basic information, characteristics

• Purpose. City, suburban, intercity, tourist, special, school.
• Class. Small.
• Body type. Car layout.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH). 7150x2880x2240.
• Number and type of doors. Automatic passenger doors with pneumatic drive + one driver's manual door.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 46, including 29 landing ones.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Fuel tank capacity, l. 67.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 4750 and 7730.
• Steering gear. With hydraulic booster.
• Brake system. Working – pneumatic, dual-circuit, ABS. Parking – brake mechanisms of the rear wheels are driven by spring energy accumulators.

Chassis characteristics

• Brand. TATA.
• Main bridge. Rear.
• Wheel formula. 4x2.
• Wheelbase, mm. 3800.
• Ground clearance/ground clearance, mm. 200.
• Tires. 215/75 R17.5.
• Anti-lock braking system (ABS). Present.

additional characteristics

• Ventilation. Natural through hatches and vents.
• Heating system. Liquid, using the heat of the engine cooling system, independent Webasto heater.

Engine/powertrain characteristics

• Model. TATA 697.
• Type. Diesel.
• Environmental safety standards. Euro-1.
• Engine power, kW (hp)/min. 95,7 (130).
• Engine location. Front.
• Checkpoint. Mechanical 5-speed.
• Front-rear axle suspension. Dependent, leaf spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs with double-acting telescopic shock absorbers and anti-roll bar - Dependent, leaf spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs and anti-roll bar. The supporting axle is dependent, pneumatic with telescopic shock absorbers of 2-way action.
• Control fuel consumption at 60 km/h, l/100 km. 16.

Video

School А08116Ш

The bus is manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7013: 2009. The model is equipped with a public address system, tachograph, flashing lights on the front and rear of the roof; signs - “Caution children” and speed limit “70”. Driver's seat:

• ergonomics of the workplace;
• high level of visibility;
• informative instrument panel;
• convenient access to controls.

School bus A08116sh. Photo BAZ

Basic information, characteristics

• Purpose. School.
• Class. Small.
• Body type. Carriage type, mounted on a chassis frame, with a front-mounted engine.

Basic characteristics

• Body dimensions, mm. (LxWxH). 8000x2342x2940.
• Number and type of doors. One passenger single door with pneumatic drive + emergency exit + driver's.
• Total number of seats, including landing seats. 29, including 29 landing ones.
• Type of seats. Separate, semi-soft with headrests, retractable armrests and seat belts.

Specifications

• Fuel type. Diesel.
• Curb and technically permissible weight, kg. 6400 and 8400.
• Steering gear. With hydraulic booster.
• Brake system. Working: dual-circuit with pneumatic drive and anti-lock function. Parking: with a spring energy accumulator with drive to the brake mechanisms of the rear wheels.

Chassis characteristics

• Wheel formula. 4x2.
• Wheelbase, mm. 4200.
• Front/rear wheel track, mm. 1868/1713.
• Tires. Tubeless radial type 235/75 R17.5.
• Anti-lock braking system (ABS). Present.

additional characteristics

• Ventilation. Natural.
• Heating system. Autonomous liquid heater.

Engine/powertrain characteristics

• Model. Ashok Leyland H6E5SD123.
• Type. Diesel, turbocharged.
• Number and arrangement of cylinders. 6, in-line.
• Environmental safety standards. Euro-5.
• Working volume, l. 5,759.
• Maximum engine power, kW (hp)/min. 123 (167).
• Maximum torque, Nm/min. 550 at 1200-1900 rpm.
• Checkpoint. Mechanical, 5-speed GB 5S-OD.
• Cooling system. Liquid.
• Front-rear axle suspension. Dependent-Dependent.
• Maximum speed, km/h. 60.

Video

BAZ-A079 “Etalon” - Technical characteristics

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BAZ-A079 “ Etalon ” is a small-class bus designed to transport passengers on urban, suburban and intercity commercial routes. Since 2002, the bus has been produced at the Boryspil Automobile Plant (BAZ), which is located in the village of Proliski, Boryspil district, Kiev region, some of the buses are produced at the Chernigov Automobile Plant based on the Indian TATA LPT-613 Bus chassis, which is a licensed product of the Daimler concern, and is equipped with a diesel engine engine developing 130 hp.

Description

The BAZ-A079 “Etalon” bus is designed for 30-40 seats (depending on the modification), the interior is separated from the cabin by an incomplete partition and handrails. The number of passenger doors varies depending on the modification. The number and type of seats in the cabin also differ in different modifications of the model. Urban modifications have a three-row seat layout, two automatic doors with a pneumatic drive. Suburban and intercity modifications have a four-row seat layout, the front doors can be either automatic (rotary or Pantograph pressing type) or manually opened, the rear emergency exit doors can be mechanical (manual opening). The bus interior is lined with decorative wood-like plastic. In intercity buses, the seats are installed on a “podium”, there is a trunk in the rear overhang, and luggage racks above the seats in the cabin. The ceiling and luggage racks in intercity buses are covered with fabric. Also, long-distance versions are equipped with a radio with speakers in the cabin.

Bus BAZ-A079 “Etalon” Technical characteristics
Issue, years	since 2002
Mass characteristics
Curb weight, t	4,75 — 5,54
Weight of a full bus, t	7,73 — 7,98
Speed ​​characteristics
Max speed of an empty bus, km/h	90
Capacity, person
Seating:	20 — 28
Full capacity (8 people/m)	28 — 40
Dimensions
Length, mm	7150 — 8140
Width, mm	2260
Height, mm	2880
Wheelbase, mm	3800 — 4550
Engine
engine's type	diesel
Engine name	TATA-697 Euro-1 TATA-697 TC55 Euro-2 TATA-697 TC65 Euro-3
Steering	with power steering
power, kWt	95,7 / 101,5
Transmission
Gearbox type	5 tbsp. mechanical
Checkpoint name	TATA

Modifications

Brand "Etalon", model	Type of seats, Number of seats	Equipment
BAZ-A079.14 “Prolisok” (city bus “Etalon”)	20 semi-soft seats in 3 rows	Standard (front and rear doors - pneumatic, interior upholstery - "wood-like plastic", doors Euro2 + ABS) Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.
BAZ-A079.13 “Prolisok” (country bus “Etalon”)	25 soft non-adjustable seats in 4 rows	Standard (front doors - pneumatic, rear - emergency exit, curtains, upholstery - “wood-like plastic”) + EURO2 doors + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.
BAZ-A079.14 “Prolisok” (country bus “Etalon”)	23 soft non-adjustable seats in 4 rows	Standard (front and rear doors - pneumatic, curtains, upholstery - “wood-like plastic”) + EURO2 doors + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.
BAZ-A079.19 “Malva” (intercity bus “Etalon”) * (**)	25 soft non-adjustable / adjustable seats in 4 rows	Standard (Passenger doors - pneumatic, raised floor, curtains, luggage racks, upholstery: ceiling, luggage racks - fabric, sidewalls - "wood-like plastic", radio, 4 speakers) + door EURO2 + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km run.
BAZ-A079.23 “Malva” (Tourist bus “Etalon”) * (**)	29 soft non-adjustable / adjustable seats in 4 rows	Standard (raised floor, curtains, luggage racks, upholstery: ceiling, luggage racks - fabric, sides - “wood-like plastic”, radio, 6 speakers) + door EURO2 + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.
BAZ-A079.24 “Malva” (Tourist bus “Etalon”) * (**)	29 soft non-adjustable / adjustable seats in 4 rows	Standard (Passenger doors - pneumatic, raised floor, curtains, luggage racks, upholstery: ceiling, luggage racks - fabric, sidewalls - "wood-like plastic", radio, 6 speakers) + door EURO2 + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km run.
BAZ-A079.25 “Malva” (Tourist-Lux bus “Etalon”) (**)	29 soft adjustable seats in 4 rows	Luxury (Passenger doors - pneumatic (pantograph), raised floor, curtains, luggage racks, upholstery - fabric, public address system, driver's seat on air cushion "Pilot", DVD video system, radio, 6 speakers, tachograph) + dv. Euro2 + ABS Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.
BAZ-A079.45 “Prolisok” bus “Etalon” (Bus adapted for transporting persons with limited mobility)	15 semi-soft seats in 3 rows (total number of seats with a wheelchair - 36 without a wheelchair - 41)	Standard (front and rear doors - pneumatic, upholstery - “wood-like plastic”, doors EURO2 + ABS) Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km.

Text: Alexander Zaslavsky September 16, 2014 Tags: standard, bus, seats, doors Read also - Service mileage has been increased for “Etalon” buses

Where does the Ukrainian bus go?

In 2007, 6,213 new buses of various classes were registered in Ukraine (excluding minibuses and especially small class buses), and 79% of this number were locally produced buses. What kind of equipment this is and what are the prospects for its appearance on the Russian market will be discussed.

The lion's share of Ukrainian bus production has long been accounted for by two corporations - Bogdan and Etalon. Their total production volume that year amounted to about 6 thousand buses, and they occupied 63% of the local market. They include, among others, the enterprise "Cherkasy Bus" (formerly CHARZ) and (formerly Lutsk Automobile Plant), Boryspil and Chernigov Automobile Plants. The overwhelming majority of all buses produced in Ukraine are “Bogdan” A092 on the Isuzu chassis, and “Etalon” A079 on the TATA chassis (licensed Mercedes-Benz). Both of them belong to the small class, but rather conditionally, since the “Etalon” A079, for example, has modifications longer than 8 m. Both manufacturers produce a wide range of modifications, including city, suburban and tourist cars. Bogdanov works most of all in cities, and Etalons have become more common on intercity routes. From a technical and operational point of view, both models are comparable both in terms of reliability and operating costs, but there are certain differences. “Bogdan” is more ergonomic and easier to operate (a “softer” clutch pedal and a short-throw “passenger” gearbox). “Etalon” is easier to maintain, it is less labor-intensive, and spare parts are cheaper and more accessible. As for the resource, there are already many buses of these brands in Ukraine, the mileage of which has exceeded a million kilometers, but they continue to work. Currently, there is unsatisfied demand for both models in Ukraine, or, in other words, a three- to four-month waiting list, and therefore the UkrAvto corporation began producing a “clone” of the “Etalon” A079 on a similar TATA chassis, called I-Van A07A. It is interesting that TATA, having previously concluded an agreement with the Etalon corporation for the supply of LP 613 bus chassis and in every possible way assuring that it would not supply these chassis to anyone else, entered into exactly the same agreement with UkrAvto and began to supply similar chassis to its competitor without restrictions . No one has analyzed the identity of the buses, but, according to experts, their unification is at least 95%. This allowed UkrAvto to enter the market on the shoulders of Etalon, without even creating a full-fledged service network and without particularly worrying about spare parts. The Etalon service network, which is a wide network of service stations working on contractual terms, is happy to serve Ivans, at the same time selling them the necessary spare parts. At Etalon, of course, they object to this, but business is business, otherwise servicemen will have to sit without work, since the same “Etalons” practically do not break down, and therefore two thirds of their owners do not come to the service station even during the warranty period, but after its completion, these cars are rare guests at service stations... As a result, it is expected that based on the results of this year, “Ivan” has a chance to move to third position in Ukraine with a result of approximately 1000...1200 buses, especially since its production is scheduled to begin at one more plant (possibly at the Melitopol Motor Plant). Another one announced ambitious plans, declaring for this year an almost fivefold increase in production to 1,500 buses and an intention to occupy 12% of the market for small-class buses and 25% of the middle class. For a number of reasons, this is quite unlikely, and the real figure, according to experts, is unlikely to exceed 800...900 buses. AntoRus has been producing small-class buses “Anton” for three years and medium-class buses “Ruslan” for a year, created on the Chinese DongFeng chassis. True, AntoRus avoids mentioning the “Chinese footprint” and declares that their buses are built on Nissan and Cummins components. Carriers are still wary of equipment built on units from the Middle Kingdom. And it is precisely because of this, according to experts, that last year production at AntoRus increased so slightly, despite the impressive warranty - one and a half years or 100 thousand km. Among the “outsiders” who managed to jointly sell about a hundred small-class buses in 2007 are the Galician Automobile Plant (GalAZ, Lvov), Chernigov and Lviv OJSC Stryi-Avto. GalAZ produces 42-seater GalAZ-3207 “Victoria” buses on the GAZ-331041 “Valdai” truck chassis, “Stry-Avto” - 27-seater A0752 school buses on the ZIL-5301E2 chassis, which are not particularly remarkable. But the history of the creation of the Chernigov CHAZ-A074 is quite interesting. In fact, this bus, designed on the Chinese FAW chassis, in most characteristics is an analogue of the BAZ-A079 “Etalon” produced here. It would seem pointless to create a competitor for yourself, but this bus was created “to spite” the Indians, who are constantly raising selling prices for their chassis in order to show those that there is an alternative to their products. And it seems to have succeeded. As for the plans for this year, which GalAZ has 227 buses, and ChAZ has about two hundred, they are quite realistic. JSC Stryi-Avto has planned to produce at least one hundred school buses in 2008, although it is quite difficult to plan the production of these vehicles, whose niche is very narrow. In 2007, the Ukrainian bus market “fell” by about 10%, but the decrease in the total volume of bus sales does not at all mean a drop in demand for them, but is only a characteristic indicator of the attitude of passenger carriers to the quality of purchased equipment. Indeed, despite the growing and unsatisfied demand for buses in general, the share of Chinese cars decreased by almost 79%, and PAZs - by 53%, which in absolute terms amounted to a loss of 1,588 buses. Approximately the same amount was exported in 2007 (1,571 units). The unsatisfied demand for buses in 2007 amounted to about one and a half thousand vehicles. In part, it was the shortage of high-quality buses that allowed PAZ to close the top three market leaders. (Recall that in 2006 PAZ was the undisputed sales leader, occupying almost a third of the market.) It is expected that this year PAZ’s performance will be even worse and, at best, it will be in fifth position with a result of 400...500 buses. The third and fourth positions will most likely be occupied by I-Van and AntoRus, while LAZ, GalAZ and CHAZ will compete for fifth to eighth (with a large lag) with PAZ. Today, the most popular in Ukraine are 7-meter small class buses, which are in greatest demand and together occupy about 86% of the market. The demand for these machines will remain at the level of 4.5...5 thousand for another two to two and a half years, after which a gradual redistribution of demand is expected in favor of 8-, 10-, 12-meter machines. In two years, a drop in demand is expected for especially small class buses, for which there is now also unsatisfied demand, and therefore already in 2010, the very popular and currently in short supply BAZ-2215 “Dolphin” may be discontinued. Large and especially large buses are currently not in demand primarily due to tariff policy and the liquidation of municipal vehicle fleets. And therefore, the declarations of some manufacturers about a significant increase in the production and sale of these machines look frivolous. In 2007, the total share of “large” buses increased slightly, from 7.26 to 8.73%. About a quarter of this quantity (23%) are intercity and tourist cars, among which the Boryspil BAZ-A148.2 are in greatest demand. In 2008, a slight increase in demand for medium and large buses is expected, which will begin to replace smaller class vehicles in large cities. But, according to experts, the process of more or less active introduction of medium and large buses on routes in large cities, which will begin this year, will last at least three years, i.e. this segment may increase by 1 by the end of the year... 2%, and in 2009 – by another 3…4%. There are few Ukrainian manufacturers of medium and large class buses - these are LAZ, Bogdan, BAZ and AntoRus. LAZ and AntoRus prefer not to talk about their successes in bus production. After privatization, the leader of the Soviet bus industry, Lviv Bus, which at one time produced more than a thousand cars a month, lost ground largely due to the ill-conceived strategy of the new leadership. The company decided to produce modern buses using European components, and this was fully successful. However, they just didn’t take into account that for a poor Ukrainian carrier such cars cannot be afforded, and for a rich one, a 5...10% difference in price with imported cars does not matter. But almost all municipal bus fleets in the country were privatized. As a result, LAZ production volumes fell sharply, and the company found itself on the verge of bankruptcy. That is why they are silent about the real volumes of bus production at LAZ, and in general it is incredibly difficult to obtain any information from this enterprise. According to the official version, in 2007 LAZ produced a total of 471 buses and trolleybuses, which is 67.4% higher than in 2007. According to traffic police registration data, in 2007, 178 LAZs were sold in Ukraine compared to 212 a year earlier, or by 34% less. The export geography of LAZ vehicles covers Russia, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Bulgaria and Greece and a number of other countries, but their sales on foreign markets are as unstable as in Ukraine. This happens for the simple reason that now the demand for cars of the medium, large and especially large classes is still extremely small and there is simply no buyer for cars of this standard size. This trend is reminiscent of 1999–2002. when in Ukraine there was stagnation in the segment of small class buses and their production was unprofitable. For the same reason, AntoRus’ statements about its intention to occupy a quarter of the Ukrainian middle-class bus market, where, by the way, there are also foreign cars, appear frivolous. As for Bogdan, this year’s plans include several hundred 10-meter buses, while Etalon plans to produce up to one hundred BAZ-A148s. However, production volumes of these machines will largely depend on demand.

Director of the Buses Division of the GAZ Group, Nikolai Borisovich Odintsov: “In 2007, the Ukrainian government switched to the Euro 2 environmental standard, which was also in force in Russia. The new eco-standard requirements have been significantly tightened in relation to foreign and Russian small-class buses of the PAZ type. These requirements were intended to protect the Ukrainian manufacturer of bus equipment in this segment. This practice exists in many countries - Belarus, China, Korea, etc., while the Russian market is open to all manufacturers of buses of different classes and purposes. Due to these requirements, the Pavlovsk Bus Plant took time to bring the buses to full compliance with the new Ukrainian standards. Today, deliveries of PAZ buses to Ukraine have been fully resumed; in the first two months, the plant shipped 1,020 PAZ-32053 buses with a gasoline engine.”

Opinion: Nikolai Bezruchko, citizen of Ukraine: “In Crimea, Bogdan buses are used as excursion buses. This is a very bad decision. The engine is located in the cabin, the noise is very loud - the words of the guide are completely inaudible. The suspension is stiff, and passengers shake violently on rocky Crimean roads. Traveling on such a bus is very tiring. I had to go on excursions on European-made buses - the quality of the trip is much higher, the cabin is quiet, the suspension softens shocks, you enjoy the excursion.”

Opinion: Alexey Sergeichev, manager of a motor transport enterprise (Moscow): “One of the first batches of Bogdanov in Russia arrived at the Moscow transport, and they simply suffered with the front disc brakes. They held weakly, while the discs even in the city became red hot, and the hub bearings turned chenille from overheating. As they cooled down, the discs warped and the brakes worked even worse. The managers exchanged letters with the Cherkasy plant. Muscovites asked to replace disc brakes with drum brakes - the whole of Ukraine drove Bogdans with “drums” without any problems. There was even an idea to install the front axle assembly from Zilov’s “Bychka” - with it the track would have been wider and the brakes would have been more tenacious, but the factory responded that in Moscow they did not know how to drive and properly maintain equipment. Occasionally, the conductors of the Kyiv-Moscow passenger trains sent pads, bearings and discs under warranty. As a result, TransWay abandoned these buses. Another major buyer of the Bogdanov was the Moscow Avtoline; at first they had 15 buses with disc front brakes. The situation repeated itself down to the smallest detail - again the railway came to the rescue with the supply of spare parts. The management of Autoline turned to one of the largest manufacturers of brake pads in Russia, Yaroslavl TIIR. They started producing brake pads, but things didn’t get much better. After that, A-092 was delivered to Moscow only with “drums”, but not everything turned out smoothly with them either. The pads have to be adjusted manually; there is no automatic adjustment. The mechanism is made similar to the rear brakes on the Moskvich-2141 - through the hatch in the support panel you need to turn the adjusting “star” with a screwdriver. If you overdo it, you won’t be able to bring the pads together; you’ll have to remove the drum and hub. The margin for boring the drums turned out to be small - 1.5 mm. This is only enough to remove ellipse from the working surface of a new drum going into spare parts.”

Bus Etalon BAZ-A079.34 is a bus with a four-row arrangement of soft adjustable seats and is designed for 28 seats. The Etalon BAZ-A079.34 bus is based on the TATA LP-613/38 BUS chassis, which is a licensed product of the Mercedes concern. The BAZ-A079.34 bus is equipped with a 138-horsepower TATA 697 diesel engine and is capable of speeds of up to 90 km/h. A distinctive feature of all models is the low cost of spare parts, which allows minimizing service costs.

Standard (Passenger door - pneumatic, raised floor, curtains, luggage racks, interior trim: ceiling, luggage racks - fabric, sides - “wood-like plastic”, radio, 4 speakers) + door. Euro 3 + ABS+ tachograph.

Specification of the bus Standard tourist A079.34:

• The front door is a pneumatic “Pantograph” (automatic opening), the rear door is an emergency exit;
• Installation of the driver’s seat on an air cushion, “Pilot” type;
• Where the seats are installed, the floor is raised;
• Placement of soft non-adjustable seats in 4 rows (28+1);
• Installation of luggage racks in the cabin covered with fabric;
• Interior trim: ceiling, sides, luggage racks, visible pillars of the front and rear windows - made of fabric;
• Installation of wiring for an audio system with 6 speakers: 4 pcs - in the luggage racks, 2 pcs - above the windshield;
• Installation of DVD video system, including audio;
• Installation of curtains made of blue fabric;
• Installation of a public address system;
• Installation of wheels and tires size R 17.5.

Specifications:
Body type

frame, front engine
Chassis	TATA LP-613/38 BUS
Passenger capacity
four-row interior layout
general	29
including seating	28+1
Overall dimensions, mm
length	8120
width	2260
height	2888
Wheelbase, mm:	4550
Wheel track, mm:
front	1660
rear	1577
Weight of the equipped bus, kg	5540
Total design weight, kg	7730
Engine:
model, type	diesel, TATA 697 TC EURO III
number and arrangement of cylinders	6, in-line
working volume, l	5,675
maximum torque, Nm	430
cooling system	liquid
maximum power, kW (hp)	96 (130)
Fuel consumption:
at a speed of 60 km/h	15,0
at a speed of 80 km/h/	18,0
Gearbox	five-speed, manual
Suspension:
front	dependent, leaf spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs with 2-way telescopic shock absorbers and anti-roll bar
rear	dependent, spring on 2 semi-elliptic springs and anti-roll bar
Steering	with hydraulic booster
Passenger doors
front	pneumatic, with automatic opening (Pantograph)
rear	mechanical, with manual opening (emergency exit)
Brake system:
working	pneumatic, dual-circuit with ABS
parking	with spring energy accumulators
Volume of luggage compartments, m3	1,6
Tires	215/75 R17.5
Heating system	autonomous from the liquid heater “WEBASTO”
Maximum speed, km/h	90

Warranty 2 years or 50,000 km. mileage