The Belarus tractor is one of the most famous family of wheeled machines within the CIS. The Belarus tractor is produced at the plant of the same name, located in Minsk since 1950. With a history of more than half a century, these tractors from Belarus have undergone significant changes over time. This is not only about changes in the design, appearance, and cabin equipment. The technical characteristics of the machines also changed. So, the manufacturer began installing springs to soften shocks and shocks when driving on uneven soil. The question of how to start a Belarus tractor, which users often asked in the past, no longer exists today, since the machines are equipped with all the necessary mechanisms for smooth operation.
The appearance of the iconic “Belarus”
Initially, the plant worked on the production of crawler tractors. Over time, along with the production of tracked vehicles, drawings and diagrams for the production of a wheeled tractor began to be developed. It was planned to be equipped with mounted hydraulics, thanks to which the tractor would operate without a hitch.
Today, at the Minsk plant, wheeled tractors have practically replaced the caterpillar tractor from production. The first wheeled vehicles went out of production back in 1949, and four years later, after all the problems and rough spots were eliminated, mass production of wheeled vehicles was launched. The first wheeled models of Belarus tractors were MTZ-1 and MTZ-2. This marked a new important stage in domestic mechanical engineering.
Thanks to the new design, the machine has become multifunctional, capable of performing various types of work without a special trailer. Also, thanks to the wheels, the tractor could move freely and independently on city roads, which was impossible to do on tracks without damaging the road surface. From that moment on, the units began to be actively used for agricultural work and in the construction, transport, and industrial sectors.
MTZ 80 technical characteristics in comparison with other modern models of the manufacturer
Speaking about the technical characteristics of the MTZ 80, it is important to note that this tractor is a kind of “golden mean” among all models of the Belarusian manufacturer. It is not as powerful as the “energy-rich” MTZ 3522 or 3022, and is also seriously inferior to the MTZ 1523 and even the 1221 model. But in turn, it has high speed characteristics, efficiency, reliability, price loyalty and, most importantly, maximum ease of maintenance. It is thanks to its versatility that MTZ received such recognition.
In addition, this model is most popular among small and medium-sized farmers. Compared to the already mentioned models, as well as very expensive equipment from well-known European or even Chinese manufacturers, MTZ 80 and 82 are cost-effective to operate and repair. Spare parts for these tractors can be easily found in any specialty store or market.
MTZ 80 price: from 200,000 to 400,000 (used), up to 680,000 rubles (new).
MTZ 82 price: 250,000 to 450,000 (used), up to 750,000 rubles (new).
Common model 3522
Today, the Belarus line of tractors is a wide range of models, represented by machines that allow performing various types of work. The most common Belarus car models are:
MTZ 3522 is a wheeled vehicle, the overall dimensions of which are 6100x2630x3350 mm. The wheelbase is 3000 mm. The tractor operates in traction and traction-drive modes. This model can perform various jobs in combination with specialized agricultural units. The machine is most often used in the following areas:
- tillage before sowing, sowing grains, legumes and other winter and spring crops;
- preparation of food supply; v
- harvesting of various crops;
- transport work, cargo transportation.
Extensive features of the 1025
MTZ 1025 was created to perform work in agricultural production. The volume of work and its variety is achieved by using various mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines and implements with this model. The advantage of this tractor model is its high power, which is provided by a powerful Deutz engine and a complete fuel pump (). Also, reliable and durable operation of the machine is ensured by high-quality mechanics. The tractor is equipped with an eight-speed gearbox. Let's answer one of the most common questions: how much does a tractor weigh? Machine weight - 4680 kg, height - 2600 mm. Simple repairs, inexpensive spare parts, high-quality design of all mechanisms, various attachments that can be used for different types of work and low fuel consumption also positively distinguish this model.
Model 320 and its functionality
MTZ 320 is a small-sized Belarus tractor equipped with all-wheel drive. Due to its small size and light plastic cladding, the main use of this machine is various types of urban work, including municipal work. The tractor engine of this model is equipped with direct injection. Tractor steering control with hydraulic booster. The driving wheels are the front ones, due to which the maximum speed of the tractor, like the MTZ 311, is about 25 km/h.
Control system
MTZ 82.3 was the first version of the MTZ 82 tractor, where the manufacturer introduced electro-hydraulic drives into the control system, significantly increasing control ergonomics. For this purpose, the transmission is equipped with a separate hydraulic system that ensures the operation of multi-disc hydraulic clutches. Thus, this drive with push-button control on the side panel received differential locking systems for the rear axle, a rear PTO gearbox, and FDA drive modes. The tractor is equipped with the most modern control panel with a liquid crystal screen, which provides complete control of the status and operation of all tractor systems.
One of the most powerful models 1502
MTZ 1502 is distinguished by high engine power - 157 hp. (116 kW), which primarily allows for heavy lifting, construction and industrial work. Attachments also make it possible to carry out reclamation work.
| Nominal traction force, kN | 40 |
| Operating weight, kg | 13900 |
| Overall dimensions (length/width/height), mm | 6250/2916/2950 |
| Travel speed, km/h: forward/backward | 1,36 – 14,9/1,9 – 7,1 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 360 |
| Track type | Metal with rubber-metal hinge |
| Track width, mm | 500 |
| The greatest of the average conditional pressures of caterpillar propulsors on the ground, kPa | 51,0 |
Model 1221 and its advantages
MTZ 1221 is a Belarus tractor, the main characteristics of which are: 2nd class, with a power of 130 hp. The huge range of work performed by this model makes it the most common and popular in Russia. The machine can be used both for agricultural work (such as preparing and cultivating land, cleaning, etc.), and for carrying out work in the field of transport, forestry and public utilities, such as a snowplow in winter. The undeniable advantage of this model is that it works equally effectively in any climatic conditions and on different soils.
The Belarus 1221 tractor can be used in a unit with various implements, devices and components, and towing devices. The tractor performs all functional tasks in the most complete way in combination with the use of wide-cut and combined equipment.
Attachments
Successful sales and popularity among buyers are directly related to the ability to operate the MTZ-82 tractor with a range of attachments. The most popular of them:
- Loading and transport forks.
- Lifting devices with a hook and for gripping the hinges of soft containers.
- Mechanism for fixing trees and logs.
- Roll turner.
- Buckets, among which can be both frontal and jaw.
- Dumps for various purposes.
- Utility brushes.
- Towing devices.
In addition to the listed devices, the MTZ-82 can perform the tasks of a full-fledged excavator, front-end loader or short-distance transporter of both bulk and piece goods.
Model 152 overview
The main purpose of the small-sized tractor Belarus 152 is agricultural work. Attachments, trailed machines and implements – all this significantly expands its functionality. This machine is characterized by:
- Honda gasoline engine with 13 horsepower;
- weighing 615 kilograms;
- specific fuel consumption 326 g/kW.hours;
- front drive axle;
- swinging rear axle;
- mechanical locking of the rear pair of wheels;
- increased ground clearance.
Device
"Belarus-82" is equipped with a stepped, mechanical gearbox, characterized by the constant engagement of gears with clutches. The tractor has an inter-axle differential lock on the front axle and a friction multi-plate clutch that operates in oil.
The latest MTZ-82s are equipped with a synchronous, dependent PTO, which allows you to work with active implements. The flywheel rotation speed in this case is 1200 rpm.
The steering of the tractor is hydrostatic with a hydraulic cylinder in the steering linkage and a metering pump. Some versions are equipped with power steering.
Bad weather is not a serious obstacle for Belarus-82. The rear and front windows are equipped with windshield wipers, and the front window again has a windshield washer. The operator's cabin of the latest versions of MTZ-82.1 complies with OESD standards, guaranteeing operator safety. again, the mini tractor received several sensors that control roll, which minimizes the risk of tipping over. The operator's cabin of the Belarus-82 is distinguished by high levels of comfort, a heating system, a filtration system for air passing through fans, a sunroof, a rear window and opening side windows. Additionally, it can be equipped with a reinforced base or frame awning.
Power point
Four-cylinder in-line diesel engine D-243 with a power of 81 hp. With. and volume 4.75 l. In nominal mode, the unit consumed 162 g/l. With. hour of fuel. A torque of 290 Nm provided sufficient traction and good cross-country ability of the vehicle. The launch was carried out using a starting carburetor engine or an electric starter. In conditions of negative temperatures during startup, an electric torch system was used.
Transmission units
They provide a choice of parameters for transmitting energy from the engine to the rear axle and drive units of trailed and mounted equipment. Power drive Transmission of rotation to the PTO is carried out:
- synchronous type drive - the rotation rate is determined by the speed of movement of the machine 3.5 revolutions per meter of travel, connected to the second stage of the gearbox;
- two-speed independent drive – 540/1000 rpm. Energy is removed from the engine flywheel and the tractor clutch is not engaged.
Clutch assembly
Dry type product in single disc design. The friction clutch is permanently closed. The clutch drive is mechanical from a pedal in the cabin.
Gearbox
The gearbox is a mechanical one with 9 torque transmission modes when moving forward and 2 in reverse. Using a gearbox to reduce speed allows you to double the number of modes. The speed reducer (installed as an option) provides an additional 4 forward and reverse gears. Transfer case Installed on the 82 model and provides connection to the drive axle of the front wheels.
Rear axle Equipped with an automatic differential locking device that transmits torque to the final drive axle shafts.
Travel devices The front pair of pneumatic wheels are guide wheels with standard sizes 200-508, the rear pair are driven 400-965. The front axle with rotating axles for fastening the wheels through a hinge is installed on the half-frame beam. The weight load on the axle is transmitted through coil springs. The track is variable – 1200/1800 mm front wheels and 1400/2100 mm rear wheels.
Hydraulic system Separate-modular design. A hydraulic cylinder with a regulator is located on the boss of the rear axle casing.
Belarus 921 – purpose and characteristics
The ideal gardening wheeled tractor is the Belarus 921. Its traction class is 1.4, and the 4x4 wheel formula allows you to cultivate vineyards and orchards, carry out work with a sprayer and a cutter. In terms of technical characteristics, the machine is not much different from the MTZ 82. It is worth noting here:
- economical engine with 87 horsepower;
- 95-liter fuel tank;
- fuel consumption rate 226 g/kWh;
- dimensions (width/height/length) – 1550/2350/4500 mm;
- weight 3800 kilograms.
Tractor MTZ 82 and other modifications of the series
By and large, the MTZ 80 and 82 tractors simply cannot be considered separately from each other. They began to be produced almost at the same time, but still, they are distinguished by one important feature. If the MTZ 80 has only rear-wheel drive, then the 82 model has all-wheel drive.
It is also important to note that various modifications of this series have been and continue to be produced in our time. Technical characteristics compared to 1974, when the first tractor rolled off the assembly line, have changed greatly for the better. They concern a variety of elements of the power unit, transmission, chassis, trailer equipment, controls, tires and of course appearance.
Reliable multifunctional Belarus 622
The 622 model boasts particular versatility, equipped with a reliable four-cylinder engine that meets Tier 3A environmental requirements. The unit is endowed with extensive capabilities thanks to the presence of an independent two-speed power take-off shaft (1000 or 540 rpm). Due to the safe, comfortable cabin, like the MTZ 920, you can work in any weather.
Today, the Minsk Plant not only produces tractors for domestic agriculture and industry. The plant's prospects include producing cars for export. The 2009 model Belarus 3023 has earned various awards at European agricultural machinery exhibitions.
